alternate
US /ˈɔ:ltərnət/
UK /ɔ:lˈtɜ:nət/
- Intransitive Verb
- To follow one thing after another repeatedly
B2TOEICMoreat home
US /æt hom/
UK /æt həum/
- Phrase
- In one's own residence or country.
- Adjective
- Feeling comfortable and relaxed.
by design
US
UK
- Phrase
- Intentionally; deliberately.
A2Morecapacity
US /kəˈpæsɪti/
UK /kə'pæsətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
- Largest amount of something that can be produced
B1Morecare of
US /kɛr ʌv/
UK /kɛə ɔv/
- Preposition
- Used in an address to indicate the person who will receive the mail for someone else.
A2Morecoil
US /kɔɪl/
UK /kɔɪl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Wire wound into circles to carry electricity
- Long material wound into circular rings
- Intransitive Verb
- To curl or wind around especially in neat rings
B2Morecomplexity
US /kəmˈplɛksɪti/
UK /kəm'pleksətɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of having many parts and not being simple
- A factor or element that makes something complicated.
B1Moreconsistent
US /kənˈsɪstənt/
UK /kənˈsɪstənt/
- Adjective
- Agreeing with or being similar to another part
- In agreement; reliable
A2Moreconstant
US /ˈkɑnstənt/
UK /'kɒnstənt/
- Adjective
- Happening frequently or without pause
- Remaining the same over time or not changing.
- Noun
- Thing that happens always or at a regular rate
- A physical quantity that is believed to have a fixed value and is used in calculations.
A2TOEICMorecritical
US /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/
UK /ˈkrɪtɪkl/
- Adjective
- Making a negative judgment of something
- Being important or serious; vital; dangerous
A2Morecurrent
US /ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr-/
UK /'kʌrənt/
- Uncountable Noun
- Electricity flowing through wires
- Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky
- Adjective
- Happening or being in the present time
- In general use or accepted by most people.
A2Moredemand
US /dɪˈmænd/
UK /dɪ'mɑ:nd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Desire customers have to buy product, service
- A strong request for someone to do something
- Transitive Verb
- To strongly request someone to do something
- To need something.
A2TOEICMoredepend
US /dɪˈpend/
UK /dɪˈpend/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
- To rely on someone or something for support, help, or existence.
B1TOEICMoredepending on
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
- Influenced or determined by.
- Preposition
- Subject to; contingent on
- Relying on someone or something for support or assistance.
A2Moredeviate
US /ˈdiviˌet/
UK /ˈdi:vieɪt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To do something unusual or different; depart from
- To differ or diverge in opinion, belief, or character
- Adjective
- Departing from usual or accepted standards; atypical
B1Moredirect
US /dɪˈrɛkt, daɪ-/
UK /də'rekt/
- Transitive Verb
- To tell someone in a very clear way to do something
- To show the way by conducting or leading
- Adverb
- Coming straight from something
A2TOEICMoredirection
US /dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ-/
UK /də'rekʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- When someone tells people what to do
- Describes the way you are going, e.g. North
A2TOEICMoredistinct
US /dɪˈstɪŋkt/
UK /dɪˈstɪŋkt/
- Adjective
- Clearly different in nature from something else
- Clearly noticeable; easily perceived.
A2Moreemergency response
US
UK
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The actions taken to deal with an unexpected and dangerous event.
- Immediate medical assistance given in an emergency situation.
B1Moreengineering
US /ˌendʒɪˈnɪrɪŋ/
UK /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/
- Uncountable Noun
- The practical application of science to industry
B1Moreextra
US /'ekstrə/
UK /'ekstrə/
- Adjective
- More than necessary; additional
- Of especially good quality or grade.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Items more than you need; additional items
- Person who has a small part in a movie
A2Morefor the most part
US
UK
- Phrase
- Generally; mostly; on the whole.
- Mostly; generally; in most cases.
A1Morefrequency
US /ˈfrikwənsi/
UK /'fri:kwənsɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Number of repetitions of (radio or sound) wave
- How often something happens
B1TOEICMoregenerate
US /ˈdʒɛnəˌret/
UK /ˈdʒenəreɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To create or be produced or bring into existence
- To create electricity, heat, energy and power
A2TOEICMoregrant
US /ɡrænt/
UK /ɡrɑ:nt/
- Transitive Verb
- To admit an opinion is true but not fully agreeing
- To give or let someone do what they want
- Uncountable Noun
- Money given for education or research
A2TOEICMoregrid
US /ɡrɪd/
UK /ɡrɪd/
- Noun
- Electrical network supplying electricity to area
- Metal structure with bars used to cover a hole
- Transitive Verb
- To mark with a grid.
B2Morehappen on
US /ˈhæpən ɑn/
UK /ˈhæpən ɒn/
- other
- To find or discover by accident.
B2Morehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morehook
US /hʊk/
UK /hʊk/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Bent tool used to catch fish or to hang things on
- The start of a story which catches your interest
- Transitive Verb
- To make a bent or curved shape
- To catch your interest completely
B1Morehuge
US /hjudʒ/
UK /hju:dʒ/
- Adjective
- Very very large
A2Morein case of
US /ɪn kes ʌv/
UK /in keis ɔv/
- Preposition
- If something happens; in the event of.
- If something happens.
- Conjunction
- To be prepared for something that might happen.
A1Morein exchange for
US /ɪn ɪksˈtʃendʒ fɔr/
UK /in iksˈtʃeindʒ fɔ:/
- Phrase
- Given or done as an equivalent or substitute for.
B1Morein the open
US /ɪn ði ˈopən/
UK /in ðə ˈəupən/
- Phrase
- Publicly; not secret.
- Outdoors; not inside a building or covered space.
A1Moreinfrastructure
US /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃɚ/
UK /'ɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/
- Uncountable Noun
- Basic necessary equipment for a country or region
- The underlying framework or system of an organization.
B1Moreisolate
US /ˈaɪsəˌlet/
UK /ˈaɪsəleɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To identify, consider, or deal with separately
- To keep in a place or situation apart from others
B1Morelead to
US /lid tu/
UK /li:d tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To result in some action
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To have something as a consequence or result.
A1Moremalware
US
UK
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Software containing virus or harmful code
C2Moremeet the demand
US
UK
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To supply enough of something that people want or need.
- Phrase
- To satisfy a need or requirement.
A1Moremess up
US /mɛs ʌp/
UK /mes ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To make a mistake
- To make something untidy or dirty.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To make something untidy or dirty.
- To spoil or ruin something.
A2Morenext to
US /nɛkst tu/
UK /nekst tu:/
- Preposition
- Being located along side another
- In comparison with
- Adverb
- Almost; nearly
A1Moreno matter
US
UK
- Conjunction
- Regardless of; it does not matter.
- Adverb
- Regardless of; it is not important
A1Moreout of service
US /aʊt ʌv 'sɝvɪs/
UK /aut ɔv ˈsɜːvɪs/
- Adjective
- Not functioning; not available for use.
- Temporarily unavailable for public transportation.
B1Moreparticipant
US /pɑrˈtɪsəpənt/
UK /pɑ:ˈtɪsɪpənt/
- Countable Noun
- Person involved or included in something
B1Morepeak
US /pik/
UK /pi:k/
- Noun
- Part of a cap that sticks out over your eyes
- The very top of a mountain
- Intransitive Verb
- To reach the highest or best point
B1Morepractical
US /ˈpræktɪkəl/
UK /ˈpræktɪkl/
- Adjective
- Relating to what is sensible, real or useful
- Relating to experience, action, or practice; not theoretical or ideal.
- Noun
- A practical exam or lesson.
- A person concerned chiefly with the practice of something; a person with practical skills.
A2TOEICMorequality
US /ˈkwɑlɪti/
UK /'kwɒlətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Feature associated with someone or something
- High level of worth or excellence
- Adjective
- Of a high standard
A2TOEICMorerather than
US
UK
- Adverb
- More exactly; more correctly
- Preferably; instead
- Preposition
- Instead of
A1Moresecurity
US /sɪˈkjʊrɪti/sə'kjurətɪ/
UK /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/
- Noun
- Department in a company in charge of protection
- Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
A2TOEICMoreshut down
US /ʃʌt daʊn/
UK /ʃʌt daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
- To stop a factory/machine from operating
- Transitive Verb
- To deactivate a nuclear reactor.
- To turn off a computer or other electronic device.
A2Moresolar
US /ˈsolɚ/
UK /'səʊlə(r)/
- Adjective
- Concerning the sun, or its heat
B1Morestart up
US /stɑrt ʌp/
UK /stɑ:t ʌp/
- Countable Noun
- A newly established business.
- Phrasal Verb
- To begin or initiate something.
- To begin a new business or enterprise.
A1Morestep down
US /stɛp daʊn/
UK /step daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To reduce the amount of something
- To resign
- Transitive Verb
- To reduce the voltage of an electrical current.
A1Moretake in
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To allow to enter; receive as a guest
- To include or add
- Transitive Verb
- To absorb (liquid).
- To understand or comprehend something.
A1Moretalking about
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To discuss a particular topic.
- To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
A1Morethink of
US /θɪŋk ʌv/
UK /θiŋk ɔv/
- Phrasal Verb
- To look on as (being something specific); consider
- To consider or remember something.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To imagine or call something to mind
A1Moretransformer
US /trænsˈfɔ:rmə(r)/
UK /trænsˈfɔ:mə(r)/
- Noun
- Electrical device to change electrical voltage
C2Moretransmission
US /trænsˈmɪʃən, trænz-/
UK /trænsˈmɪʃn/
- Noun
- Part of car including gears affecting speed of car
- Electronic signal sent by radio waves; broadcast
B1Moreturbine
US /ˈtɜ:rbaɪn/
UK /ˈtɜ:baɪn/
- Noun
- Engine or motor that operates from fluid pressure
C1Moreubiquitous
US /juˈbɪkwɪtəs/
UK /ju:ˈbɪkwɪtəs/
- Adjective
- Found everywhere; found in many places
C2TOEICMoreurban
US /ˈɚbən/
UK /'ɜ:bən/
- Adjective
- Concerning a city; located in a city
- Relating to the style of dress and music popular in cities.
B1TOEICMoreused to
US /juzd tu/
UK /ˈju:st tə/
- Adjective
- Did regularly before, but don't do now
- Auxiliary Verb
- Have done before, but do not do now
A1Morevoltage
US /ˈvoʊltɪdʒ/
UK /ˈvəʊltɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Measured force of electricity
B1Morewhatsoever
US /ˌhwɑtsoˈɛvɚ,ˌhwʌt-,ˌwɑt,ˌwʌt-/
UK /ˌwɒtsəʊ'evə/
- Determiner
- Used to add emphasis to an idea being expressed
B2Morework on
US /wɚk ɑn/
UK /wə:k ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To devote effort to improve or develop something
- To try to persuade or influence someone.
A1More
Vocabulary
- depending on: To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
- step down: To reduce the amount of something
- out of service: Not functioning; not available for use.
- have to: Must do
- emergency response: The actions taken to deal with an unexpected and dangerous event.
- no matter: Regardless of; it does not matter.
- talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
- in the open: Publicly; not secret.
- at home: In one's own residence or country.
- in exchange for: Given or done as an equivalent or substitute for.
- rather than: More exactly; more correctly
- next to: Being located along side another
- think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
- lead to: To result in some action
- by design: Intentionally; deliberately.
- meet the demand: To supply enough of something that people want or need.
- happen on: To find or discover by accident.
- for the most part: Generally; mostly; on the whole.
- used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
- start up: A newly established business.
- shut down: To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
- take in: To allow to enter; receive as a guest
- care of: Used in an address to indicate the person who will receive the mail for someone else.
- work on: To devote effort to improve or develop something
- mess up: To make a mistake
- in case of: If something happens; in the event of.
- critical: Making a negative judgment of something
- constant: Happening frequently or without pause
- infrastructure: Basic necessary equipment for a country or region
- practical: Relating to what is sensible, real or useful
- consistent: Agreeing with or being similar to another part
- capacity: Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
- distinct: Clearly different in nature from something else
- current: Electricity flowing through wires
- demand: Desire customers have to buy product, service
- ubiquitous: Found everywhere; found in many places
- quality: Feature associated with someone or something
- direct: To tell someone in a very clear way to do something
- direction: When someone tells people what to do
- huge: Very very large
- security: Department in a company in charge of protection
- generate: To create or be produced or bring into existence
- extra: More than necessary; additional
- grant: To admit an opinion is true but not fully agreeing
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- deviate: To do something unusual or different; depart from
- click: To work well with someone or something
- provide: To make available; to supply for use
- participant: Person involved or included in something
- produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
- urban: Concerning a city; located in a city
- grid: Electrical network supplying electricity to area
- peak: Part of a cap that sticks out over your eyes
- frequency: Number of repetitions of (radio or sound) wave
- depend: Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
- important: Having power or authority
- whatsoever: Used to add emphasis to an idea being expressed
- manage: To survive hardships and difficulties; to cope
- complexity: State of having many parts and not being simple
- simple: Not hard to understand or do; not complex
- public: Owned by the government
- accident: Sudden unplanned event causing damage, injury etc.
- modern: Of the present time; up to date; contemporary
- alternate: To follow one thing after another repeatedly
- solar: Concerning the sun, or its heat
- hook: Bent tool used to catch fish or to hang things on
- step: Movement done as part of a particular dance
- isolate: To identify, consider, or deal with separately
- part: Division of a book
- service: Work that a person does to assist others
- world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- transmission: Part of car including gears affecting speed of car
- case: Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
- malware: Software containing virus or harmful code
- engineering: The practical application of science to industry
- coil: Wire wound into circles to carry electricity
- turbine: Engine or motor that operates from fluid pressure
- voltage: Measured force of electricity
- transformer: Electrical device to change electrical voltage
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
How Does the Power Grid Work?
0
Dragon posted on 2026/08/09Ever wondered how electricity gets to your home? This video breaks down the fascinating engineering behind the power grid, explaining everything from generation to distribution. You'll pick up key terms like 'alternating current' and 'substation' to better understand this essential infrastructure!
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