Vocabulary

  • in the black: Operating with a profit; not in debt.
  • on board: Being on a ship, plane, or other vehicle
  • together with: In addition to; along with.
  • at the end of the day: Ultimately; when everything else is considered.
  • for days: For a long period of time; lasting several days.
  • at sea
  • despite the fact: In spite of; notwithstanding.
  • other places: Different locations or areas
  • incredibly important: Extremely significant or crucial.
  • have to: Must do
  • think about: To consider something carefully.
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • ever since: Continuously from a past time until now.
  • turned out: To arrive for a public event or entertainment
  • think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • get through: To arrive at the end of or finish something
  • on balance
  • come to power: To gain control of a country or organization.
  • stay in: To remain inside one's home.
  • in power: Having control of a country or organization.
  • essentially: Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
  • significant: Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
  • vital: Needed to support life; essential
  • scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
  • initiative: Ability to come up with solutions by yourself
  • reality: What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
  • relationship: Connection between two or more people or things
  • prevent: To stop something from happening or existing
  • reflect: To indicate or be a sign of something
  • odd: Being unmatched with someone or something
  • military: Army or armed forces
  • political: Being active or interested in government matters
  • state: Region within a country, with its own government
  • distinguish: To make something clearly different from others
  • security: Department in a company in charge of protection
  • grain: Seeds of plants used for food
  • threat: Warning of probable trouble
  • primarily: In the most basic or important way
  • ally: Someone who supports, helps, or defends you
  • board: Surface for posting or showing information
  • reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
  • lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • agenda: Plan or policy to achieve your goal or intentions
  • convention: Official agreement between two or more countries
  • route: Way to get from one place to another place; path
  • drift: (Of sand, etc.) to be blown into heaps by the wind
  • authoritarian: Person expecting complete obedience
  • place: To put someone in a particular type of situation
  • important: Having power or authority
  • determination: Will to achieve a goal despite difficulties
  • kind: In a caring and helpful manner
  • control: A device designed to operate a machine
  • summit: Official meeting(s) of the leaders of countries
  • mediterranean: Describing the sea between Italy and Africa
  • mission: A task or role someone is given to do
  • great: Very good; better than before
  • turn: To become (a particular age)
  • find: To become aware of something that is happening
  • remember: To give someone a gift, e.g. birthday, wedding
  • merchant: Someone who buys and sells goods
  • alliance: Group of people/organizations working together
  • difficult: Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it
  • opposition: Act of disagreeing or trying to stop something
  • part: Division of a book
  • patrol: Person or group who checks an area is safe
  • neutralize: To remove or take away a threat
  • tightrope: Wire high in the air on which acrobats perform
  • navy: Very dark shade of blue
  • turkey: Edible bird resembling a large chicken
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • agenda

      US /əˈdʒɛndə/

      UK /ə'dʒendə/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Plan or policy to achieve your goal or intentions
      • Outcome you want to happen but do not reveal
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • alliance

      US /əˈlaɪəns/

      UK /əˈlaɪəns/

      • Noun
      • Group of people/organizations working together
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • ally

      US /'ælaɪ/

      UK /'ælaɪ/

      • Noun
      • Someone who supports, helps, or defends you
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To join a group to offer or receive support
      B1
      More
    • at sea

      US /æt si/

      UK /æt si:/

      • Phrase
      • Adjective
      • Confused; not knowing what to do.
      A1
      More
    • at the end of the day

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Ultimately; when everything else is considered.
      • After a day's work or activities.
      A1
      More
    • authoritarian

      US /əˌθɔ:rəˈteriən/

      UK /ɔ:ˌθɒrɪˈteəriən/

      • Noun
      • Person expecting complete obedience
      • Adjective
      • Expecting complete obedience to your rules
      • Favoring or enforcing strict obedience to authority, especially that of the government, at the expense of personal freedom.
      B2
      More
    • come to power

      US

      UK

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To gain control of a country or organization.
      A1
      More
    • convention

      US /kənˈvɛnʃən/

      UK /kənˈvenʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Official agreement between two or more countries
      • Large formal assembly, e.g. to make laws
      • Adjective
      • Concerning a large formal assembly or meeting
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • despite the fact

      US

      UK

      • Preposition
      • In spite of; notwithstanding.
      • Conjunction
      • Even though; although.
      A2
      More
    • determination

      US /dɪˌtɚməˈneʃən/

      UK /dɪˌtɜ:mɪˈneɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Will to achieve a goal despite difficulties
      • The act of finding out or establishing something exactly, usually as the result of research or calculation.
      B1
      More
    • distinguish

      US /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

      UK /dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something clearly different from others
      • To make noticeable or different; to set apart.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • drift

      US /drɪft/

      UK /drɪft/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Of sand, etc.) to be blown into heaps by the wind
      • (Of boats) to move without purpose on water
      B1
      More
    • essentially

      US /ɪˈsenʃəli/

      UK /ɪˈsenʃəli/

      • Adverb
      • Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
      • Used to emphasize the basic truth or fact of a situation.
      A2
      More
    • ever since

      US /ˈɛvɚ sɪns/

      UK /ˈevə sins/

      • Adverb
      • Continuously from a past time until now.
      • Conjunction
      • From the time that; because.
      B2
      More
    • for days

      US /fɔr dez/

      UK /fɔ: deɪz/

      • Phrase
      • For a long period of time; lasting several days.
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • get through

      US /ɡɛt θru/

      UK /ɡet θru:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To arrive at the end of or finish something
      • To succeed in contacting someone by phone
      A1
      More
    • grain

      US /ɡren/

      UK /greɪn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Seeds of plants used for food
      • Natural pattern in something, e.g. wood
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • in power

      US /ɪn ˈpaʊɚ/

      UK /in ˈpauə/

      • Adjective
      • Having control of a country or organization.
      • Phrase
      • During a period of holding authority or control.
      B1
      More
    • in the black

      US /ɪn ði blæk/

      UK /in ðə blæk/

      • Adjective
      • Operating with a profit; not in debt.
      • Phrase
      • Having a positive balance; out of debt.
      A1
      More
    • incredibly important

      US

      UK

      • Adjective
      • Extremely significant or crucial.
      A1
      More
    • initiative

      US /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/

      UK /ɪ'nɪʃətɪv/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Ability to come up with solutions by yourself
      • New plan or idea that is meant to fix a problem
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • merchant

      US /ˈmɜ:rtʃənt/

      UK /ˈmɜ:tʃənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Someone who buys and sells goods
      • A retail dealer; shopkeeper.
      • Adjective
      • Engaged in trade or commerce.
      B1
      More
    • military

      US /ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri/

      UK /'mɪlətrɪ/

      • Noun
      • Army or armed forces
      • Adjective
      • Concerning the army or navy
      B1
      More
    • mission

      US /ˈmɪʃən/

      UK /'mɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A task or role someone is given to do
      • Special assignment given to a person or group
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • navy

      US /ˈnevi/

      UK /ˈneɪvi/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Very dark shade of blue
      • Armed force consisting of ships, sailors etc.
      B1
      More
    • neutralize

      US /ˈnu:trəlaɪz/

      UK /ˈnju:trəlaɪz/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To remove or take away a threat
      B2
      More
    • odd

      US /ɑd/

      UK /ɒd/

      • Adjective
      • Being unmatched with someone or something
      • Being a number not able to be divided by two
      A2
      More
    • on balance

      US /ɑn ˈbæləns/

      UK /ɔn ˈbæləns/

      • Phrase
      A2
      More
    • on board

      US /ɑn bɔrd/

      UK /ɔn bɔ:d/

      • Phrase
      • Being on a ship, plane, or other vehicle
      • Adverb
      • On or in a ship, aircraft, train, or other vehicle
      A1
      More
    • opposition

      US /ˌɑ:pəˈzɪʃn/

      UK /ˌɒpəˈzɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of disagreeing or trying to stop something
      • Group that you are fighting or competing against
      B1
      More
    • other places

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Different locations or areas
      More
    • patrol

      US /pəˈtrol/

      UK /pə'trəʊl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Person or group who checks an area is safe
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To survey an area to maintain safety and order
      B1
      More
    • political

      US /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/

      UK /pəˈlɪtɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Being active or interested in government matters
      • Diplomatic
      A2
      More
    • prevent

      US /prɪˈvɛnt/

      UK /prɪ'vent/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To stop something from happening or existing
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • primarily

      US /praɪˈmɛrəli, -ˈmɛr-/

      UK /praɪˈmerəli/

      • Adverb
      • In the most basic or important way
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • reality

      US /riˈælɪti/

      UK /rɪ'ælətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
      • The state of things as they actually exist, rather than as they may appear or might be imagined.
      A2
      More
    • reflect

      US /rɪˈflɛkt/

      UK /rɪ'flekt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To indicate or be a sign of something
      • To bounce back light, heat, sound from a surface
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • relationship

      US /rɪˈleʃənˌʃɪp/

      UK /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Connection between two or more people or things
      • Way people interact or live with each other
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • route

      US /rut, raʊt/

      UK /ru:t/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Way to get from one place to another place; path
      • Path or way that people often use
      • Transitive Verb
      • To send along a particular path or way
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • scale

      US /skel/

      UK /skeɪl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Size, level, or amount when compared
      • Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To change the size of but keep the proportions
      • To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • security

      US /sɪˈkjʊrɪti/sə'kjurətɪ/

      UK /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/

      • Noun
      • Department in a company in charge of protection
      • Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • significant

      US /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

      UK /sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt/

      • Adjective
      • Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
      • Having meaning; important; noticeable
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • stay in

      US /ste ɪn/

      UK /stei in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To remain inside one's home.
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To remain as an inpatient in a hospital.
      More
    • summit

      US /ˈsʌmɪt/

      UK /'sʌmɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Official meeting(s) of the leaders of countries
      • Highest part or top point of a mountain
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • reach the summit of (a mountain or hill).
      B1
      More
    • think about

      US /θɪŋk əˈbaʊt/

      UK /θiŋk əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To consider something carefully.
      • To remember or call to mind.
      A1
      More
    • think of

      US /θɪŋk ʌv/

      UK /θiŋk ɔv/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To look on as (being something specific); consider
      • To consider or remember something.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To imagine or call something to mind
      A1
      More
    • threat

      US /θrɛt/

      UK /θret/

      • Noun
      • Warning of probable trouble
      • A warning that you may be harmed
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • tightrope

      US /ˈtaɪtˌrop/

      UK /ˈtaɪtrəʊp/

      • Noun
      • Wire high in the air on which acrobats perform
      • A precarious or difficult situation requiring great skill or care.
      C2
      More
    • together with

      US /təˈɡɛðɚ wɪð/

      UK /təˈɡeðə wið/

      • Preposition
      • In addition to; along with.
      • Including; as well as.
      A1
      More
    • turkey

      US /ˈtɜ:rki/

      UK /ˈtɜ:ki/

      • Countable Noun
      • Edible bird resembling a large chicken
      • Noun
      • An event that fails badly or is totally ineffectual
      • Flesh of large domesticated fowl usually roasted
      C1
      More
    • turned out

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To arrive for a public event or entertainment
      • To happen to be in the end
      • Transitive Verb
      • To extinguish or switch off lights.
      A1
      More
    • vital

      US /'vaɪtl/

      UK /'vaɪtl/

      • Adjective
      • Needed to support life; essential
      • Full of life; energetic
      B1TOEIC
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #turkey#black sea#nato#sea#ukraine#russia

    How Turkey became indispensable to NATO | DW News

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2026/07/04
    Ever wondered how Turkey became so crucial to NATO? This video dives into Turkey's unique position in the Black Sea, especially with the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, and how it navigates complex relationships with both Russia and its NATO allies. You'll get a fascinating look at international diplomacy and pick up some key vocabulary related to security and international relations along the way!

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