addiction
US /əˈdɪkʃən/
UK /əˈdɪkʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Lack of control the overuse of something e.g. drugs
- A compulsive physiological need for a habit-forming substance.
B1TOEICMoreadvantage
US /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/
UK /əd'vɑ:ntɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Thing making the chance of success higher
- A positive point about something
- Transitive Verb
- To make use of something, especially to further one's own position; exploit.
A2TOEICMoreairbag
US /'erbæɡ/
UK /'eəbæɡ/
- Countable Noun
- Bag-like device that puffs up in an auto collision
C2Morealmost all of
US
UK
- Determiner
- Nearly the entire quantity or number of something.
- Pronoun
- Nearly every person in a group.
A1Moreas long as
US /æz lɔŋ æz/
UK /æz lɔŋ æz/
- Conjunction
- For the period that; provided that.
- For the length of time that
- Preposition
- On the condition that; providing that.
- Having the same length as.
A1Moreat first glance
US /æt fɚst ɡlæns/
UK /æt fə:st ɡlɑ:ns/
- Phrase
- Upon initial observation or assessment.
A1Moreat work
US /æt wɚk/
UK /æt wə:k/
- Phrase
- Located at one's place of employment
A1Moreaudition
US /ɔˈdɪʃən/
UK /ɔ:ˈdɪʃn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To try out for a part in a play or film
- Noun
- Trial performance to show suitability for a part
B2Moreautomation
US /ˌɔtəˈmeʃən/
UK /ˌɔ:təˈmeɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Use of machines to do tasks once done by people
B2Moreautomobile
US /ˌɔtəmoˈbil, -ˈmoˌbil/
UK /ˈɔ:təməbi:l/
- Countable Noun
- Car; a road vehicle with four or more wheels
- The industry involved in the design, manufacture, and sale of automobiles.
- Adjective
- Relating to the design or manufacture of automobiles.
B2TOEICMoreautomotive
US /ˌɔtəˈmotɪv/
UK /ˌɔ:təˈməʊtɪv/
- Adjective
- Concerning cars
C1Morebiotech
US /ˌbaɪoˈtɛk/
UK /'baɪəʊtek/
- Noun
- Shortened form of biotechnology
C2Morebuild up
US /bɪld ʌp/
UK /bild ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To increase the amount; collect something
- To develop or increase something in stages
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To increase or develop something gradually.
- To praise or encourage someone.
A1Morecapital
US /ˈkæpɪtl/
UK /'kæpɪtl/
- Noun
- Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- Official main city of a country, province or state
- Adjective
- Main, or major
- (Of an offense) liable to the death penalty.
A2Morechip
US /tʃɪp/
UK /tʃɪp/
- Transitive Verb
- To break a small piece off something such as a cup
- To break into small pieces, often with a tool
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Small piece that has broken off (e.g. from cup)
- Piece of computer hardware that does calculations
B1Morecluster
US /ˈklʌstɚ/
UK /'klʌstə(r)/
- Intransitive Verb
- To come together in a group, flock etc.
- Countable Noun
- A small group of things
B1Morecombine
US /kəmˈbaɪn/
UK /kəmˈbaɪn/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To mix several things together to form one thing
- To harvest by means of a combine.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A harvesting machine for cutting, threshing, and cleaning grain.
- A mixture of different things.
A2Morecome from
US /kʌm frʌm/
UK /kʌm frɔm/
- Phrasal Verb
- To have as your native country or city
A1Morecome together
US /kʌm təˈɡɛðɚ/
UK /kʌm təˈɡeðə/
- Phrasal Verb
- To assemble or unite; to start working together.
- To form a close relationship or bond.
A1Morecompete
US /kəmˈpit/
UK /kəmˈpi:t/
- Intransitive Verb
- To try to beat others at something, e.g. a race
- To try to gain something by defeating or establishing superiority over others.
A2Morecompete in
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To take part in a contest or competition.
B1Morecompetitive
US /kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/
UK /kəmˈpetətɪv/
- Adjective
- Being strongly driven to win or be better than
- As good as or better than others.
B1Morecomplex
US /kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks/
UK /'kɒmpleks/
- Countable Noun
- Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
- Adjective
- Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
A2Moredecade
US /ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked/
UK /ˈdekeɪd/
- Countable Noun
- Period of 10 years
B1TOEICMoredefense
US /dɪˈfɛns/
UK /dɪ'fens/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Argument in support of something
- The process of protecting something from attack
B1TOEICMorediversify
US /daɪˈvɜ:rsɪfaɪ/
UK /daɪˈvɜ:sɪfaɪ/
- Transitive Verb
- To make or become more varied
- To change something and make it more varied
B2TOEICMoreedge
US /ɛdʒ/
UK /edʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An advantage you have over others
- Cutting side of a sharp object
- Transitive Verb
- To cut something to make the blade sharp
- To go around the boundary of something
A2TOEICMoreenergy
US /ˈɛnədʒi/
UK /'enədʒɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Physical or mental strength
- Enthusiasm and determination.
A2Moreentrench
US /ɛnˈtrɛntʃ/
UK /ɪn'trentʃ/
- Transitive Verb
- To make an opinion fixed so it is hard to change
C1Moreexpose
US /ɪkˈspoʊz/
UK /ɪk'spəʊz/
- Transitive Verb
- To make visible, without covering or protection
- To allow light through a cameras lens onto film
A2TOEICMorefor example
US
UK
- Phrase
- As an illustration or instance.
for instance
US /fɔr ˈɪnstəns/
UK /fɔ: ˈinstəns/
- Adverb
- As an example.
- Phrase
- As an example.
- As an illustration or case in point
B1Morefor now
US /fɔr naʊ/
UK /fɔ: nau/
- Phrase
- Temporarily; for the present time.
- In the short term; for the immediate future.
A1Morefrom scratch
US /frʌm skrætʃ/
UK /frɔm skrætʃ/
- Phrase
- From the very beginning; from nothing.
- From the very beginning; using new materials rather than something that already exists.
A1Moreget into it
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To become interested in something and enjoy it.
- To start a career or profession.
- Intransitive Verb
- To become interested in something.
A1Morehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morein fact
US /ɪn fækt/
UK /in fækt/
- Adverb
- Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
- Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
C1Morein particular
US /ɪn pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ/
UK /in pəˈtikjulə/
- Phrase
- Specifically; especially.
- Detailed or precise.
A1Morein power
US /ɪn ˈpaʊɚ/
UK /in ˈpauə/
- Adjective
- Having control of a country or organization.
- Phrase
- During a period of holding authority or control.
B1Morein the news
US
UK
- Phrase
- Being widely reported in the media.
A1Morein the past
US
UK
- Phrase
- During a former period of time; previously.
A1Morein the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
A1Moreindustrial
US /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/
UK /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/
- Adjective
- Concerning making things in factories
- Noun
- A worker in industry.
- A company involved in industrial production.
A2Morejet
US /dʒɛt/
UK /dʒet/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Stream of liquid/gas shooting out of small opening
- A pipe that water or gas goes through
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- (Of liquid, gas) to shoot out of a small opening
- To travel on a jet plane
B1TOEICMorekit
US /kɪt/
UK /kɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Set, collection of tools, supplies, for a purpose
B1TOEICMoreleverage
US /ˈlɛvərɪdʒ, ˈlivə-/
UK /'li:vərɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An advantage which gives you influence or power
- An advantage gained through the use of resources or a strategic position
- Transitive Verb
- To use an advantage which gives you influence
B2TOEICMorelicense
US /ˈlaɪsəns/
UK /ˈlaɪsns/
- Transitive Verb
- To give official permission to do something
- Uncountable Noun
- Freedom to do what you want or act as you want
B1TOEICMoremilitary
US /ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri/
UK /'mɪlətrɪ/
- Noun
- Army or armed forces
- Adjective
- Concerning the army or navy
B1Morenanometer
US /'nænəˌmi:tə/
UK /'neɪnəmi:tə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One billionth of a meter
C2Moreof course
US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/
UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/
- Adverb
- Sure ; Certainly
- Phrase
- For sure; certainly
A2Moreon the other hand
US
UK
- Phrase
- Considering a different aspect of the matter; alternatively.
A1Moreon the way
US /ɑn ði we/
UK /ɔn ðə wei/
- Phrase
- During the journey to a particular place.
A1Morepivot
US /ˈpɪvət/
UK /'pɪvət/
- Noun
- Point on which something turns or balances
- Intransitive Verb
- To turn or balance on a center point
B2Morepropel
US /prəˈpɛl/
UK /prəˈpel/
- Transitive Verb
- To push, or make move in a certain direction
B1Moreramp up
US /ræmp ʌp/
UK /ræmp ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To increase the level or amount of something sharply.
rather than
US
UK
- Adverb
- More exactly; more correctly
- Preferably; instead
- Preposition
- Instead of
A1Morered tape
US /rɛd tep/
UK /red teip/
- Uncountable Noun
- Formalities; paperwork; official procedure
- Official routine or procedure perceived as unnecessarily complex and lengthy, hindering progress.
A2Moreregulate
US /ˈrɛɡjəˌlet/
UK /ˈregjuleɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To control something with rules or laws
- To set/adjust (a clock, etc.); restrict motion in
A2TOEICMorereinvent
US /ˌriɪnˈvɛnt/
UK /ˌri:ɪn'vent/
- Transitive Verb
- To present something in a new and interesting way
- To create again or anew; to remake or renovate completely.
B1Moreresearch
US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/
UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Study done to discover new ideas and facts
- A particular area or topic of study.
A2TOEICMorerole
US /rol/
UK /rəʊl/
- Noun
- Character played by an actor
- Part you play in an activity; job; responsibility
A2Moreroll down
US /rol daʊn/
UK /rəul daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To move downwards by turning over and over.
- To lower a car window.
A1Morerot
US /rɑ:t/
UK /rɒt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To break down into pieces through dying; decay
- Uncountable Noun
- The process or state of decaying or rotting.
- Foolish or nonsensical talk or ideas.
B2Morerun on
US /rʌn ɑn/
UK /rʌn ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To continue longer than expected, e.g. a meeting
- To talk without stopping, often on the same topic
- Intransitive Verb
- To continue without a break or clear separation, especially in writing.
A1Moresap
US /sæp/
UK /sæp/
- Countable Noun
- Foolish person who is easy to trick
- Uncountable Noun
- Liquid inside a plant that carries its foods
B2Moreset to
US /sɛt tu/
UK /set tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To energetically begin to do, e.g. making a fire
A1Moreshrink
US /ʃrɪŋk/
UK /ʃrɪŋk/
- Intransitive Verb
- To become smaller
- Noun
- A rude name for a psychiatrist
B1Morespread out
US /sprɛd aʊt/
UK /spred aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To extend or stretch over a large area.
- To arrange things so that they cover a large area.
B2Morestagnate
US /ˈstæɡˌnet/
UK /stæɡ'neɪt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To stop moving, developing, or making progress
C1Morestartup
US /'stɑ:t'ʌp/
UK /'stɑ:tʌp/
- Countable Noun
- A company just starting its operations
- Uncountable Noun
- Act of setting in operation
C2Morestrength
US /strɛŋkθ, strɛŋθ, strɛnθ/
UK /streŋθ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Condition of being strong
- The quality or state of being physically strong.
A2TOEICMorestrip out
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To remove or take away something that is not necessary or wanted.
A1Moresubsidy
US /ˈsʌbsɪdi/
UK /'sʌbsədɪ/
- Noun
- Money paid to keep the cost or price affordable
B1TOEICMoretechnology
US /tɛkˈnɑlədʒi/
UK /tek'nɒlədʒɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.
- Machinery and equipment developed from scientific knowledge.
A2TOEICMoreton
US /tʌn/
UK /tʌn/
- Noun
- Unit of weight; 907 kilograms (US); 1016 (UK)
A2Morevaccine
US /vækˈsin,ˈvækˌsin/
UK /'væksi:n/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Shot using weak disease cells to stop same disease
- A preparation of weakened or killed microorganisms, or of antigenic proteins derived from them, used to induce protective immunity in animals.
B2Moreventure
US /ˈvɛntʃɚ/
UK /'ventʃə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- (Business) activity involving calculated risks
- A risky or daring journey or undertaking.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To risk something, such as money
- To face the dangers, take the risk of something
B1TOEICMorework out
US /wɚk aʊt/
UK /wə:k aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To find a way to do something, by thinking
A1More
Vocabulary
- in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
- run on: To continue longer than expected, e.g. a meeting
- for now: Temporarily; for the present time.
- rather than: More exactly; more correctly
- in particular: Specifically; especially.
- on the way: During the journey to a particular place.
- at first glance: Upon initial observation or assessment.
- in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
- almost all of: Nearly the entire quantity or number of something.
- strip out: To remove or take away something that is not necessary or wanted.
- get into it: To become interested in something and enjoy it.
- build up: To increase the amount; collect something
- set to: To energetically begin to do, e.g. making a fire
- ramp up: To increase the level or amount of something sharply.
- in the news: Being widely reported in the media.
- from scratch: From the very beginning; from nothing.
- roll down: To move downwards by turning over and over.
- compete in: To take part in a contest or competition.
- in power: Having control of a country or organization.
- at work: Located at one's place of employment
- for instance: As an example.
- on the other hand : Considering a different aspect of the matter; alternatively.
- work out
- come together: To assemble or unite; to start working together.
- have to: Must do
- in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- of course: Sure ; Certainly
- spread out: To extend or stretch over a large area.
- come from: To have as your native country or city
- for example: As an illustration or instance.
- red tape: Formalities; paperwork; official procedure
- as long as: For the period that; provided that.
- advantage: Thing making the chance of success higher
- develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
- strength: Condition of being strong
- position: Person's opinion or attitude about something
- complex: Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
- research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- decade: Period of 10 years
- industry: Hard work; being busy working
- leverage: An advantage which gives you influence or power
- field: Area of study, such as physics or biology
- military: Army or armed forces
- shrink: To become smaller
- capital: Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- addiction: Lack of control the overuse of something e.g. drugs
- venture: (Business) activity involving calculated risks
- edge: An advantage you have over others
- perform: To carry out an action well or successfully
- vaccine: Shot using weak disease cells to stop same disease
- regulate: To control something with rules or laws
- competitive: Being strongly driven to win or be better than
- economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
- role: Character played by an actor
- energy: Physical or mental strength
- expose: To make visible, without covering or protection
- combine: To mix several things together to form one thing
- industrial: Concerning making things in factories
- compete: To try to beat others at something, e.g. a race
- defense: Argument in support of something
- technology: Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.
- audition: To try out for a part in a play or film
- propel: To push, or make move in a certain direction
- ton: Unit of weight; 907 kilograms (US); 1016 (UK)
- simple: Not hard to understand or do; not complex
- build: Your physical shape; physique
- cluster: To come together in a group, flock etc.
- government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
- rot: To break down into pieces through dying; decay
- chip: To break a small piece off something such as a cup
- rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
- reinvent: To present something in a new and interesting way
- set: Prepared for something; ready
- license: To give official permission to do something
- make: To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- future: Time that is to come after the present
- pivot: Point on which something turns or balances
- diversify: To make or become more varied
- world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- subsidy: Money paid to keep the cost or price affordable
- startup: A company just starting its operations
- jet: Stream of liquid/gas shooting out of small opening
- kit: Set, collection of tools, supplies, for a purpose
- sap: Foolish person who is easy to trick
- strong: (Of tea or beer) dark or thick
- automobile: Car; a road vehicle with four or more wheels
- stagnate: To stop moving, developing, or making progress
- entrench: To make an opinion fixed so it is hard to change
- automation: Use of machines to do tasks once done by people
- automotive: Concerning cars
- nanometer: One billionth of a meter
- biotech: Shortened form of biotechnology
- airbag: Bag-like device that puffs up in an auto collision
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Germany’s economy is running out of road. What's next? | DW News
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/06/19Germany's economy is at a crossroads, and this video dives into what's next for its key industries! You'll discover surprising potential new sectors and learn crucial vocabulary for discussing economic shifts and technological innovation, like 'pivot point' and 'industrial chips'.
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