Vocabulary

• in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
• for example: As an illustration or instance.
• in the hope of: With the expectation or desire for something to happen.
• at that time: During a specific point in the past.
• on the streets: Without a home; homeless or exposed outdoors.
• have to: Must do
• look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
• after all: In spite of what was expected; used to introduce a statement that supports a previous statement or explains why it was made
• in the first place: To begin with; as the first point or consideration.
• the following: Next in order or sequence.
• out of luck: To not have any luck; to be unfortunate
• going on: To continue doing something
• symbol of: Something that represents or stands for something else, especially an object representing an abstract idea.
• prior to: Before a particular time or event.
• run by: To be managed or controlled by someone or a group.
• in his place: Instead of him; as his substitute.
• got to: To arrive at some place
• of course: Sure ; Certainly
• recorded history: The period of time for which written records exist.
• of age: Having reached the legal age of adulthood.
• into power: To gain political control or leadership position.
• take over: To gain control of (a company) from someone else
• at least: As a minimum
• think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
• ultimately: Done or considered as the final and most important
• essentially: Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
• majority: Amount that is more than half of a group
• practice: The office and place for legal or medical work
• basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
• determine: To control exactly how something will be or act
• experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
• tend: To move or act in a certain manner
• represent: To depict art objects, figures, scenes; to portray
• algorithm: A step-by-step problem-solving feature
• political: Being active or interested in government matters
• conservative: (Of an estimate, price) set fairly low
• draw: To attract attention to someone or something
• society: A group who meet to share values or interests
• regime: A system of management; a form of government
• cause: Belief, goal or organization that people support
• religion: Organized set of beliefs about a god or gods
• religious: Following the rules and beliefs of a faith
• torture: Hurting someone to force them to give information
• lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
• prior: Existing or coming earlier in time
• minority: Group that is smaller and different from the rest
• relate: To demonstrate a logical relationship between
• progressive: Believing in modern ideas about social change
• revolution: When a group overthrows an existing government
• lavish: To use or give a lot of something
• notice: To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing
• revolutionary: Marking a significant change in something
• lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
• border: To be right next to another country or state
• century: Period of 100 years
• place: To put someone in a particular type of situation
• throne: Special elaborate chair on which king/queen sits
• british: Concerning the culture and people of British
• kind: In a caring and helpful manner
• system: Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
• fact: Something that is known or proved to be true
• liberal: Someone who is open-minded and favors progress
• language: Words or signs used to communicate messages
• modern: Of the present time; up to date; contemporary
• middle: Place that is halfway between two things
• question: To ask for or try to get information
• invent: To create something such as a story or excuse
• algebra: Math using letters or symbols in place of numbers
• sword: A long metal weapon with a sharp point and edge
• empire: Group of countries controlled by one government
• colonial: Of a system where one country controls another
• conform: To agree or be compatible with something else
• dynasty: Family that controls a country for a long time
• descent: Movement downward; movement toward something bad
• prophet: Someone who predicts the future
• banquet: Grand formal dinner
• senior: Person who has usually reached a specific old age
• conquest: Land or a nation won or taken by force, an army
• pre: A prefix meaning 'before'
• arab: Citizen of an Arabic speaking nation
• grasshopper: Jumping insect that makes a shrill chirping noise
• veneration: Feeling of profound respect for someone/something
• islam: Religion of Muslims based on the Koran
• shah: Title given to the monarch of Iran
• overthrew: To throw something past a certain point or person
• ayatollah: Important religious or political leader in Iran