Vocabulary

  • have to: Must do
  • air traffic controller: A person responsible for directing aircraft traffic to ensure safety.
  • control tower: A tall tower at an airport from which air traffic controllers can direct aircraft movements.
  • en route: On the way; during a journey.
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
  • on the job: While working; during the course of employment.
  • get through: To arrive at the end of or finish something
  • in the air: Present or circulating in the atmosphere.
  • take over: To gain control of (a company) from someone else
  • like new: In very good, almost perfect condition as if unused.
  • no matter: Regardless of; it does not matter.
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • come back: To reply to someone, often forcefully
  • in one year: Within a period of twelve months.
  • also known as: Also called; alternatively named.
  • depending on: To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
  • go out: To leave a building (e.g. a house)
  • drop out: To take no part in a society you disapprove of
  • in the field: Working or doing research in a real-world environment, not in a classroom or laboratory.
  • at least: As a minimum
  • out there: In or to a place that is far away
  • regardless of
  • has over: To invite someone to your house.
  • do in: To make completely tired out and exhausted
  • work at: To have a job at a particular place or organization.
  • commercial flight: A flight operated by an airline for public transport of passengers and cargo, typically on a scheduled basis.
  • off and on: Intermittently; sometimes happening and sometimes not.
  • up in the air: Not yet decided or resolved; uncertain.
  • looking out: To take care and watch something carefully
  • take off: To remove, e.g. your clothes
  • next door: Living in the house next to the one mentioned
  • go straight: To continue in the same direction without turning.
  • first three: The initial three items or elements in a series or sequence.
  • over to: Used to hand over to someone else to speak
  • outside of: Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
  • around the world: In or to many countries.
  • shut down: To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • in comparison: When compared to something else.
  • in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, disbelief
  • put out: To publish, e.g. a book
  • as soon as: In a short time after (something happens)
  • entire: Complete or full; with no part left out; whole
  • approach: To get close to reaching something or somewhere
  • initiative: Ability to come up with solutions by yourself
  • average: Total of numbers divided by the number of items
  • typically: In a normal or usual way
  • pressure: Anxiety caused by difficult problems
  • decade: Period of 10 years
  • field: Area of study, such as physics or biology
  • maintain: To keep saying something a certain way
  • concern: To be about a particular topic
  • federal: Consisting of several united states
  • facility: Piece of equipment or buildings with a special use
  • rigorous: Very strict and often difficult; thorough
  • apply: To spread a substance or liquid over a surface
  • administration: Act of giving e.g. medicine to a patient
  • volume: Number or amount of something e.g. sales
  • actual: Real or existing in fact, not imagined; real
  • standard: Official unit of measuring something
  • provide: To make available; to supply for use
  • deem: To judge something to be a certain thing, way
  • route: Way to get from one place to another place; path
  • agency: Business that provides some service for others
  • collision: Act of crashing into someone or something else
  • goal: Something you try to do or achieve; an aim
  • annual: Happening once a year, or every year
  • academy: School that specializes in certain subjects
  • aviation: Science or practice of flying aircraft
  • stressful: Worrying; causing tension
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • depend: Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
  • single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
  • control: A device designed to operate a machine
  • system: Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
  • complexity: State of having many parts and not being simple
  • continue: To do something without stopping, or after pausing
  • riddle: Amusing question that has a clever or funny answer
  • aircraft: Vehicle that can fly
  • information: Collection of facts and details about something
  • staff: Employees of a company
  • transportation: Act of moving people or goods between places
  • program: To make someone act or think in a certain way
  • point: An item to be discussed
  • change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • difficult: Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it
  • secretary: Office worker who makes appointments, etc.
  • simulation: A copying method to study the real world
  • helicopter: Aircraft with spinning blades at the top
  • datum: Item of factual information
  • lab: Short for 'laboratory'
  • radar: Radio device used to find the location of objects
  • overtime: Extra time in a sports game
  • certify: To approve someone as authorized, valid
  • outdate: To be older than
  • airspace: Area in the sky controlled by a country
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • academy

      US /əˈkædəmi/

      UK /ə'kædəmɪ/

      • Noun
      • School that specializes in certain subjects
      A2
      More
    • actual

      US /ˈæktʃuəl/

      UK /ˈæktʃuəl/

      • Adjective
      • Real or existing in fact, not imagined; real
      • Current; existing at the present time.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • administration

      US / ædˌmɪnɪˈstreʃən/

      UK /ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of giving e.g. medicine to a patient
      • The work of running something, e.g. a business
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • agency

      US /ˈedʒənsi/

      UK /'eɪdʒənsɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Business that provides some service for others
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • air traffic controller

      US /er ˈtræfɪk kənˈtrolɚ/

      UK /eə(r) ˈtræfik kənˈtrəʊlə/

      • Countable Noun
      • A person responsible for directing aircraft traffic to ensure safety.
      A2
      More
    • aircraft

      US /ˈɛrˌkræft/

      UK /ˈɛəkrɑ:ft/

      • Countable Noun
      • Vehicle that can fly
      C2TOEIC
      More
    • airspace

      US /ˈɛrˌspes/

      UK /ˈeəspeɪs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Area in the sky controlled by a country
      • The portion of the atmosphere above a particular country or area, subject to its jurisdiction.
      C2
      More
    • also known as

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Also called; alternatively named.
      • Identified by another term; synonymous with.
      A1
      More
    • annual

      US /ˈænjuəl/

      UK /ˈænjuəl/

      • Adjective
      • Happening once a year, or every year
      • Noun
      • Book (in a series) released each year
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • approach

      US /əˈprəʊtʃ/

      UK /ə'prəʊtʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To get close to reaching something or somewhere
      • To request someone to do something specific
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Means of reaching a place, often a road or path
      • Request of someone with a specific goal in mind
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • around the world

      US /əˈraʊnd ði wɜrld/

      UK /əˈraund ðə wɜː(r)ld/

      • Phrase
      • In or to many countries.
      • In various places throughout the world.
      A2
      More
    • as soon as

      US /æz sun æz/

      UK /æz su:n æz/

      • Phrase
      • In a short time after (something happens)
      • Without any delay; immediately
      • Conjunction
      • At the moment that, or immediately after.
      A1
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • average

      US /ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ/

      UK /'ævərɪdʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Total of numbers divided by the number of items
      • Transitive Verb
      • To add numbers then divide by the number of items
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • aviation

      US /ˌeviˈeʃən,ˌævi-/

      UK /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Science or practice of flying aircraft
      B2
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • certify

      US /ˈsɜ:rtɪfaɪ/

      UK /ˈsɜ:tɪfaɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To approve someone as authorized, valid
      • To confirm the truth or reality of something
      B2
      More
    • collision

      US /kəˈlɪʒən/

      UK /kəˈlɪʒn/

      • Noun
      • Act of crashing into someone or something else
      • A clash of opposing ideas or interests.
      B2
      More
    • come back

      US /kʌm bæk/

      UK /kʌm bæk/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reply to someone, often forcefully
      • To be remembered
      A1
      More
    • commercial flight

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A flight operated by an airline for public transport of passengers and cargo, typically on a scheduled basis.
      B2
      More
    • complexity

      US /kəmˈplɛksɪti/

      UK /kəm'pleksətɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of having many parts and not being simple
      • A factor or element that makes something complicated.
      B1
      More
    • concern

      US /kənˈsɚn/

      UK /kənˈsɜ:n/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To be about a particular topic
      • To have a direct impact on someone
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Company, firm or business
      • Feeling of worry or anxiety
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • control tower

      US /kənˈtrol ˈtaʊɚ/

      UK /kənˈtrəul ˈtauə/

      • Countable Noun
      • A tall tower at an airport from which air traffic controllers can direct aircraft movements.
      B1
      More
    • datum

      US /ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm/

      UK /ˈdeɪtəm/

      • Noun
      • Item of factual information
      B1
      More
    • decade

      US /ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked/

      UK /ˈdekeɪd/

      • Countable Noun
      • Period of 10 years
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • deem

      US /dim/

      UK /di:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To judge something to be a certain thing, way
      B2
      More
    • depend

      US /dɪˈpend/

      UK /dɪˈpend/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
      • To rely on someone or something for support, help, or existence.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • depending on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
      • Influenced or determined by.
      • Preposition
      • Subject to; contingent on
      • Relying on someone or something for support or assistance.
      A2
      More
    • do in

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make completely tired out and exhausted
      • To destroy or cause damage to someone
      A1
      More
    • drop out

      US /drɑp aʊt/

      UK /drɔp aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To take no part in a society you disapprove of
      • To quit school, a club or activity
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To quit a course of study or training.
      A1
      More
    • en route

      US /ɛn rut/

      UK /en ru:t/

      • Adverb
      • On the way; during a journey.
      • Adjective
      • On the way; traveling.
      More
    • entire

      US /ɛnˈtaɪr/

      UK /ɪn'taɪə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Complete or full; with no part left out; whole
      • Undivided; not shared or distributed.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • facility

      US /fəˈsɪlɪti/

      UK /fəˈsɪləti/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Piece of equipment or buildings with a special use
      • Skill to do something with ease
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • federal

      US /ˈfɛdərəl, ˈfɛdrəl/

      UK /'fedərəl/

      • Adjective
      • Consisting of several united states
      • Relating to a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
      • Proper Noun
      • The central banking system of the United States.
      B1
      More
    • first three

      US

      UK

      • Determiner
      • The initial three items or elements in a series or sequence.
      • Adjective
      • Referring to the top three positions in a ranking or competition.
      A1
      More
    • get through

      US /ɡɛt θru/

      UK /ɡet θru:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To arrive at the end of or finish something
      • To succeed in contacting someone by phone
      A1
      More
    • go out

      US /ɡo aʊt/

      UK /ɡəu aut/

      • Phrase
      • To leave a building (e.g. a house)
      • Phrasal Verb
      • (Of a fire) to burn out; be extinguished
      • Go out of fashion to stop being fashionable
      A1
      More
    • go straight

      US /ɡo stret/

      UK /ɡəu streit/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To continue in the same direction without turning.
      • To start living an honest and law-abiding life.
      A1
      More
    • goal

      US /ɡol/

      UK /ɡəʊl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something you try to do or achieve; an aim
      • (Sports) net into which you put a ball to score
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • has over

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To invite someone to your house.
      • To have more than a certain number or amount.
      A1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • helicopter

      US /ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptɚ/

      UK /'helɪkɒptə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • Aircraft with spinning blades at the top
      • Transitive Verb
      • To transport by helicopter
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • in comparison

      US /ɪn kəmˈpærɪsən/

      UK /in kəmˈpærisən/

      • Adverb
      • When compared to something else.
      • Phrase
      • When compared to something else.
      • When considering the differences between two or more things.
      A1
      More
    • in one year

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Within a period of twelve months.
      A1
      More
    • in the air

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Present or circulating in the atmosphere.
      • Felt or sensed by many people; circulating as a rumor or feeling.
      • Adjective
      • Being broadcast on radio or television.
      A1
      More
    • in the field

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Working or doing research in a real-world environment, not in a classroom or laboratory.
      • Located on the playing area of a sports ground.
      A1
      More
    • in the world

      US /ɪn ði wɜrld/

      UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, disbelief
      • Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense
      A1
      More
    • initiative

      US /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/

      UK /ɪ'nɪʃətɪv/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Ability to come up with solutions by yourself
      • New plan or idea that is meant to fix a problem
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • instead of

      US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsted ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • When one thing is replaced by another
      • Adverb
      • As a substitute or alternative.
      A1
      More
    • lab

      US /læb/

      UK /læb/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Short for 'laboratory'
      B1
      More
    • like new

      US /laɪk nu/

      UK /laɪk nju:/

      • other
      • In very good, almost perfect condition as if unused.
      A2
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • looking out

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To take care and watch something carefully
      • To be careful; to be vigilant
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be careful or vigilant
      A1
      More
    • maintain

      US /menˈten/

      UK /meɪn'teɪn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To keep saying something a certain way
      • To keep (machine) working by checking, repairing
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • next door

      US /nɛkst dɔr/

      UK /nekst dɔ:/

      • Adverb
      • Living in the house next to the one mentioned
      A1
      More
    • no matter

      US

      UK

      • Conjunction
      • Regardless of; it does not matter.
      • Adverb
      • Regardless of; it is not important
      A1
      More
    • off and on

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Intermittently; sometimes happening and sometimes not.
      A1
      More
    • on the job

      US /ɑn ði dʒɑb/

      UK /ɔn ðə dʒɔb/

      • Phrase
      • While working; during the course of employment.
      A1
      More
    • out there

      US /aʊt ðɛr/

      UK /aut ðɛə/

      • Adverb
      • In or to a place that is far away
      • Existing in the universe
      • Adjective
      • Unconventional; strange; avant-garde
      • Existing or available.
      A1
      More
    • outdate

      US /aʊt'deɪt/

      UK /aʊt'deɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To be older than
      B2
      More
    • outside of

      US /aʊtˈsaɪd ʌv/

      UK /ˌautˈsaid ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
      • Beyond the scope, range, or limits of something.
      A1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • over to

      US

      UK

      • Preposition
      • Used to hand over to someone else to speak
      • The responsibility is now yours
      More
    • overtime

      US /ˈovɚˌtaɪm/

      UK /'əʊvətaɪm/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Extra time in a sports game
      • Time worked in addition to regular working hours.
      • Adverb
      • Beyond the regular working hours.
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • pressure

      US /ˈprɛʃɚ/

      UK /'preʃə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Anxiety caused by difficult problems
      • Force, weight when pressing against a thing
      • Transitive Verb
      • To apply force to something
      • To persuade or force someone to do something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • put out

      US /pʊt aʊt/

      UK /put aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To publish, e.g. a book
      • To cause someone to be troubled or inconvenienced
      A1
      More
    • radar

      US /ˈredɑr/

      UK /ˈreɪdɑ:(r)/

      • Noun
      • Radio device used to find the location of objects
      B2
      More
    • regardless of

      US /rɪˈɡɑrdlɪs ʌv/

      UK /riˈɡɑ:dlis ɔv/

      • Phrase
      • Preposition
      • Without being affected or influenced by something; despite.
      A2
      More
    • riddle

      US /ˈrɪdl/

      UK /'rɪdl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Amusing question that has a clever or funny answer
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • rigorous

      US /ˈrɪɡərəs/

      UK /ˈrɪgərəs/

      • Adjective
      • Very strict and often difficult; thorough
      • Thorough; meticulous; exhaustive.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • route

      US /rut, raʊt/

      UK /ru:t/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Way to get from one place to another place; path
      • Path or way that people often use
      • Transitive Verb
      • To send along a particular path or way
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • shut down

      US /ʃʌt daʊn/

      UK /ʃʌt daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
      • To stop a factory/machine from operating
      • Transitive Verb
      • To deactivate a nuclear reactor.
      • To turn off a computer or other electronic device.
      A2
      More
    • simulation

      US /ˌsɪmjəˈleʃən/

      UK /ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • A copying method to study the real world
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • standard

      US /ˈstændəd/

      UK /'stændəd/

      • Noun
      • Official unit of measuring something
      • Principle of behaving in a moral way
      • Adjective
      • Being the accepted normal level of quality
      • (Of a language) being the most accepted in a place
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • stressful

      US /ˈstrɛsfəl/

      UK /ˈstresfl/

      • Adjective
      • Worrying; causing tension
      A2
      More
    • take off

      US /tek ɔf/

      UK /teik ɔf/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To remove, e.g. your clothes
      • To make arrangements to be absent from work
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To remove (an item of clothing).
      • To depart; to leave.
      A1
      More
    • take over

      US /tek ˈovɚ/

      UK /teik ˈəuvə/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To gain control of (a company) from someone else
      • To assume control or possession of something.
      A1
      More
    • transportation

      US /ˌtrænspɔ:rˈteɪʃn/

      UK /ˌtrænspɔ:ˈteɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act of moving people or goods between places
      • A system or means of transport, especially public transport.
      B1
      More
    • typically

      US /ˈtɪpɪklɪ/

      UK /ˈtɪpɪkli/

      • Adverb
      • In a normal or usual way
      B1
      More
    • up in the air

      US

      UK

      • Adjective
      • Not yet decided or resolved; uncertain.
      • Idiom
      • In an uncertain state; unresolved.
      More
    • volume

      US /ˈvɑljum, -jəm/

      UK /ˈvɒlju:m/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Number or amount of something e.g. sales
      • Amount of space that something takes up
      • Countable Noun
      • One book that is part of a set of books
      A2
      More
    • work at

      US /wɚk æt/

      UK /wə:k æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have a job at a particular place or organization.
      • To make an effort to improve something.
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1US
    #air traffic#traffic#faa#air#controller#academy

    Why It’s So Hard For The FAA To Fix U.S. Air Traffic Control Problems

    0
    Xiao Su posted on 2026/04/29
    Ever wonder why air traffic control is so complex and prone to delays? This video dives into the challenges the FAA faces, from critical staffing shortages to outdated technology like Windows 95 systems! You'll get a fascinating look at the rigorous training and high-stakes decisions involved in keeping our skies safe, plus learn some key vocabulary about aviation and logistics.

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