alternative
US /ɔlˈtɚnətɪv, æl-/
UK /ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv/
- Countable Noun
- Something different you can choose
- Adjective
- A different choice
A2TOEICMoreannounce
US /əˈnaʊns/
UK /əˈnaʊns/
- Transitive Verb
- To make a public statement about a plan, decision
A2Moreartificial
US /ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl/
UK /ˌɑ:tɪ'fɪʃl/
- Adjective
- Dishonest, to seem fake, not sincere
- (Something) made by people; not created by nature
B1TOEICMoreauthor
US /ˈɔθɚ/
UK /'ɔ:θə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Person who writes books, plays, poems etc.
- Transitive Verb
- To write book or articles
B1Moreavailability
US /əˌveləˈbɪlətɪ/
UK /əˌveɪlə'bɪlətɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Being present and able to be used
- The state of being free or not busy.
A2TOEICMoreblood
US /blʌd/
UK /blʌd/
- Uncountable Noun
- Red liquid in the bodies of people and animals
- Related by birth; family
- Transitive Verb
- To be initiated into something, e.g. a secret club
A2Moreboost
US /bust/
UK /bu:st/
- Transitive Verb
- To increase something; to make something better
- To push someone or something up from beneath them
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An increase in something
B1TOEICMorecapacity
US /kəˈpæsɪti/
UK /kə'pæsətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
- Largest amount of something that can be produced
B1Morecarp
US /kɑrp/
UK /kɑ:p/
- Intransitive Verb
- To complain a lot
- Noun
- Large gold and white fresh water fish
B2Moreclinical
US /ˈklɪnɪkəl/
UK /ˈklɪnɪkl/
- Adjective
- Concerning the treatment or observing patients
- Using scientific techniques and precision
B1Morecommonly
US /ˈkɑmənlɪ/
UK /ˈkɒmənli/
- Adverb
- Typically, normally; not unusually
- Widely; by many people.
A2Moreconstrain
US /kənˈstren/
UK /kən'streɪn/
- Transitive Verb
- To make someone do something by strong persuasion
B1TOEICMoredamage
US /ˈdæmɪdʒ/
UK /ˈdæmɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Physical harm that is done to something
- Transitive Verb
- To harm physically; to hurt or break something
- To harm the reputation of someone.
A2TOEICMoredisease
US /dɪˈziz/
UK /dɪˈzi:z/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
- A disorder of structure or function in a plant, especially one caused by a pathogen.
- Transitive Verb
- To affect with disease; to corrupt or sicken.
A2TOEICMoredonor
US /ˈdoʊnə(r)/
UK /ˈdəʊnə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Someone giving money or gifts to support a cause
B1Moreinexpensive
US /ˌɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv/
UK /ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv/
- Adjective
- Having a low price; cheap
B1Morelayer
US /ˈleɚ/
UK /ˈleiə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One of several sheets of a material or object
- A covering of something spread over a surface.
- Transitive Verb
- To put things one on top of another
B1TOEICMorelimit
US /ˈlɪmɪt/
UK /'lɪmɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Point beyond which it is not possible to go
- A line or edge marking the boundary of an area.
- Transitive Verb
- To stop or prevent an increase past a point
A2TOEICMorelocal
US /ˈloʊkl/
UK /ˈləʊkl/
- Noun
- Bus or train, that stops at most stations
- People who live in the area being discussed
- Adjective
- Relating to a particular area, city, or town
A2TOEICMoreorgan
US /ˈɔrɡən/
UK /'ɔ:ɡən/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Part of a person's body with a particular function
- Large institution or body
B1Morepotentially
US /pəˈtɛnʃəlɪ/
UK /pə'tenʃəlɪ/
- Adverb
- That could happen or become reality
B1Moreregeneration
US /rɪˌdʒɛnəˈreʃən/
UK /rɪˌdʒenə'reɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Act of adding more life or energy into
B2Moreregenerative
US /rɪˈdʒɛnəˌretɪv, -ərətɪv/
UK /rɪ'dʒenərətɪv/
- Adjective
- Of, relating to, or marked by regeneration
B2Moreremain
US /rɪˈmen/
UK /rɪˈmeɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To be left behind; to continue to exist
- To stay in a place when other people have gone
A2TOEICMorerepair
US /rɪˈper/
UK /rɪˈpeə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- How well cared for a thing is; physical condition
- Action to fix or restore something that is broken
- Transitive Verb
- To fix or restore something that is broken
- To remedy or set right.
A2TOEICMoreresearch
US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/
UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Study done to discover new ideas and facts
- A particular area or topic of study.
A2TOEICMoreresistant
US /rɪˈzɪstənt/
UK /rɪˈzɪstənt/
- Adjective
- Not affected by something
- Being opposed to or wanting to prevent something
- Noun
- A person who resists authority or control.
A2Moresevere
US /səˈvɪr/
UK /sɪ'vɪə(r)/
- Adjective
- Very bad; harsh
- (Of clothes, etc.) plain; simple; not decorated
A2TOEICMoretechnology
US /tɛkˈnɑlədʒi/
UK /tek'nɒlədʒɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.
- Machinery and equipment developed from scientific knowledge.
A2TOEICMoretransparent
US /trænsˈpærənt/
UK /trænsˈpærənt/
- Adjective
- Being open to see and to public criticism
- Able to be seen through
B2More
Vocabulary
- alternative: Something different you can choose
- boost: To increase something; to make something better
- potentially: That could happen or become reality
- severe: Very bad; harsh
- artificial: Dishonest, to seem fake, not sincere
- treat: To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
- capacity: Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
- develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
- disease: Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
- research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- industry: Hard work; being busy working
- remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
- transparent: Being open to see and to public criticism
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- organ: Part of a person's body with a particular function
- provide: To make available; to supply for use
- clinical: Concerning the treatment or observing patients
- produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
- layer: One of several sheets of a material or object
- suggest: To mention something that could be done; propose
- author: Person who writes books, plays, poems etc.
- receive: To get something someone has given or sent to you
- commonly: Typically, normally; not unusually
- limit: Point beyond which it is not possible to go
- technology: Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.
- damage: Physical harm that is done to something
- front: Behavior not showing a person's true feelings
- difficult: Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it
- resistant: Not affected by something
- announce: To make a public statement about a plan, decision
- blood: Red liquid in the bodies of people and animals
- university: High-level educational institution; college
- availability: Being present and able to be used
- repair: How well cared for a thing is; physical condition
- local: Bus or train, that stops at most stations
- cost: A loss or damage occurring when meeting a goal
- badly: Not in a good way; not as wanted or liked
- good: Proper, appropriate or right
- donor: Someone giving money or gifts to support a cause
- inexpensive: Having a low price; cheap
- highly: In a manner that shows approval
- constrain: To make someone do something by strong persuasion
- regenerative: Of, relating to, or marked by regeneration
- regeneration: Act of adding more life or energy into
- carp: To complain a lot
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Spanish scientists develop artificial cornea from fish scales
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/03/10Did you know scientists are creating artificial corneas from fish scales? This fascinating video from the University of Granada explores this groundbreaking research, offering a potential low-cost alternative for vision restoration. You'll pick up some awesome advanced vocabulary related to bioengineering and sustainable biomaterials!
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