abandon
US /əˈbændən/
UK /ə'bændən/
- Transitive Verb
- To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
- To withdraw your support, or leave someone
- Uncountable Noun
- Wild, carefree behavior
B1Moreabstract
US /ˈæbˌstrækt/
UK /'æbstrækt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Passage of text from an article or book
- Something that doesn't exist physically
- Adjective
- Concerning something that doesn't exist physically
- Relating to abstract art.
B1Moreabstraction
US /æbˈstrækʃən, əb-/
UK /æbˈstrækʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Concept or idea related to something not physical
B2Moreas soon as
US /æz sun æz/
UK /æz su:n æz/
- Phrase
- In a short time after (something happens)
- Without any delay; immediately
- Conjunction
- At the moment that, or immediately after.
A1Moreaspect
US /ˈæspɛkt/
UK /'æspekt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Way something looks or seems to be
- An element, feature, or quality of something
A2TOEICMoreat least
US /æt list/
UK /æt li:st/
- Adverb
- As a minimum
- Not less than
- Phrase
- No less than; at the minimum
- Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
C2Morecanvas
US /ˈkænvəs/
UK /ˈkænvəs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Special cloth on which an artist paints a picture
- Thick, strong cloth used e.g. to make sails
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To solicit votes or support from people.
B1Moreculmination
US /ˌkʌl.məˈneɪ.ʃən/
UK /ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
- Noun
- The point at which an event or series of events ends, having developed until it reaches this point
B2Moredawn
US /dɔn/
UK /dɔ:n/
- Uncountable Noun
- First light of day
- Intransitive Verb
- To begin to grow light as the sun rises
- To begin to be understood for the first time
B1Moredispense
US /dɪˈspɛns/
UK /dɪ'spens/
- Transitive Verb
- To distribute, prepare and give out
B2TOEICMoredispense with
US /dɪˈspɛns wɪð/
UK /disˈpens wið/
- Phrasal Verb
- To get rid of; do without; eliminate.
drip
US /drɪp/
UK /drɪp/
- Uncountable Noun
- Tiny amount of liquid that falls from something
- Sound made by drops of liquid falling
- Intransitive Verb
- (Of liquid) to fall in drops
B1Moredrive in
US /draɪv ɪn/
UK /draiv in/
- Phrasal Verb
- To enter a place or area by driving a vehicle.
- To emphasize or impress something forcefully.
A1Moreemotional
US /ɪˈmoʃənəl/
UK /ɪˈməʊʃənl/
- Adjective
- Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
- Relating to or characterized by emotion
A2Moreemperor
US /ˈɛmpəɚ/
UK /'empərə(r)/
- Noun
- Man who rules an empire
B1Moreenergy
US /ˈɛnədʒi/
UK /'enədʒɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Physical or mental strength
- Enthusiasm and determination.
A2Moreescape
US /ɪˈskep/
UK /ɪ'skeɪp/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
- The 'esc key' on a keyboard
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To avoid something undesirable, dangerous or bad
- To get away from a place where you are being kept
A2Moreexhibition
US /ˌɛksəˈbɪʃən/
UK /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Public event to display objects, art etc.
- A display or demonstration of a skill or quality.
- Uncountable Noun
- Act of displaying a particular emotion or quality
- The act of behaving in a way that is intended to attract attention.
B1TOEICMoreexile
US /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl, ˈɛkˌsaɪl/
UK /'eksaɪl/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of being forced to leave your country
- Transitive Verb
- One forced to leave their home and live elsewhere
B2Morefigurative
US /ˈfɪɡjərətɪv/
UK /ˈfɪgərətɪv/
- Adjective
- Using a metaphor; not literally
C1Morefigure out
US /ˈfɪɡjɚ aʊt/
UK /ˈfiɡə aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To understand the behavior of someone
- To think through logically to find a solution
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To understand or find an answer to something.
- To find a solution to a problem or understand something.
A1Moregenesis
US /ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/
UK /'dʒenəsɪs/
- Noun
- Beginning of something important
B2TOEICMoregeometric
US /ˌdʒiəˈmɛtrɪk/
UK /ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk/
- Adjective
- With regular mathematical patterns/straight lines
B2Moregeometry
US /dʒiˈɑ:mətri/
UK /dʒiˈɒmətri/
- Uncountable Noun
- Mathematical study of shapes, surfaces, and space
- Mathematical shape of something
B2Moregradual
US /ˈɡrædʒuəl/
UK /ˈgrædʒuəl/
- Adjective
- Moving slowly by small amounts, over time
- Noun
- A gently sloping path or surface.
B1Moreguilty
US /ˈɡɪlti/
UK /'ɡɪltɪ/
- Adjective
- Responsible for doing something wrong
- Feeling or showing guilt; having a sense of remorse.
A2TOEICMorehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morehierarchy
US /ˈhaɪəˌrɑrki, ˈhaɪˌrɑr-/
UK /'haɪərɑ:kɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Group that manages and controls an organization
- A system for organizing according to importance
B1Morein person
US /ɪn ˈpɜːrsn/
UK /in ˈpɜːsn/
- Adverb
- Physically present; not by proxy or remotely.
- Face-to-face; not through electronic communication.
A1Morein perspective
US /ɪn pɚˈspɛktɪv/
UK /in pəˈspektiv/
- Phrase
- Considered in relation to other things, so as to judge what is truly important.
- Adverb
- Judged in relation to other things and so not seeming as bad or extreme.
C1Morein the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
A1Morein turn
US
UK
- Adverb
- One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
A1Moreinfluence
US / ˈɪnfluəns/
UK /'ɪnflʊəns/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To affect or change something indirectly
- To persuade someone to do something.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The power to affect what happens, to persuade etc.
- A person or thing that affects someone or something in an important way.
A2TOEICMoreinspire
US /ɪnˈspaɪr/
UK /ɪn'spaɪə(r)/
- Transitive Verb
- To give someone an idea to do or make something
- To make someone feel a certain emotion
- Intransitive Verb
- To breathe in
- To draw (air, etc.) into the lungs.
B1TOEICMoreintrinsic
US /ɪnˈtrɪnzɪk, -sɪk/
UK /ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/
- Adjective
- Being naturally and always a part of something
B1Moreinventive
US /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/
UK /ɪnˈventɪv/
- Adjective
- Having the ability to think up/create new things
B2TOEICMorelegitimacy
US /ləˈdʒɪtəməsi/
UK /lɪ'dʒɪtɪməsɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Legally allowed act; undisputed credibility
B2Morelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Moremanifesto
US /ˌmænəˈfɛsto/
UK /ˌmænɪ'festəʊ/
- Noun
- Political statement of the beliefs or policies
B2Morenoble
US /'noʊbl/
UK /'nəʊbl/
- Adjective
- Being admirable and honorable in character
- Concerning or being a member a high social class
- Countable Noun
- Titled peer of the realm e.g. a lord, duke
B1Moreobsessive
US /əbˈsɛsɪv, ɑb-/
UK /əbˈsesɪv/
- Adjective
- Characterized by or constituting an obsession
- Thinking about something or someone all the time
B2Moreof course
US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/
UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/
- Adverb
- Sure ; Certainly
- Phrase
- For sure; certainly
A2Moreoutcry
US /ˈaʊtˌkraɪ/
UK /'aʊtkraɪ/
- Noun
- Show of anger or unhappiness by many people
C1Moreover to
US
UK
- Preposition
- Used to hand over to someone else to speak
- The responsibility is now yours
personal
US /ˈpɚsənəl/
UK /ˈpɜ:sənl/
- Adjective
- Done by or to a particular person; individual
- Concerning a person's private life or feelings
A2Morepraise
US /preɪz/
UK /preɪz/
- Transitive Verb
- To express approval of something or someone
- To express thanks, respect, and love
- Uncountable Noun
- Expression of approval of something/someone
- Expression of thanks, respect, and love
B1Moreprior to
US /ˈpraɪɚ tu/
UK /ˈpraiə tu:/
- Preposition
- Before a particular time or event.
C1Morereact
US /riˈækt/
UK /rɪ'ækt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To change when mixing with other chemicals
- To behave or make a change in a particular way
A2Morereaction
US /riˈækʃən/
UK /rɪ'ækʃn/
- Noun
- Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- Feeling or action in response to something
A2Morereality
US /riˈælɪti/
UK /rɪ'ælətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
- The state of things as they actually exist, rather than as they may appear or might be imagined.
A2Morerepresent
US /ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt/
UK /ˌreprɪ'zent/
- Transitive Verb
- To depict art objects, figures, scenes; to portray
- To show or describe something in a particular way
A2TOEICMoresalon
US /səˈlɑn, ˈsælˌɑn, sæˈlɔŋ/
UK /'sælɒn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Place for hairdressing or beauty treatments
B2Moresee in
US /si ɪn/
UK /si: in/
- Phrasal Verb
- To accompany someone to the entrance of a building or room.
A1Moreseparate
US /'sepəreɪt/
UK /'sepəreɪt/
- Adjective
- Being different from or unrelated to another
- Not connected; different.
- Transitive Verb
- To divide two things by being in between them
- To move things away from each other
A2TOEICMorespeak to
US /spik tu/
UK /spi:k tu:/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To address or communicate with someone.
- To indicate or suggest something; to be relevant to.
A1Morespectator
US /ˈspekteɪtər/
UK /spekˈteɪtə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Someone who watches an event
B1Moresubjective
US /səbˈdʒɛktɪv/
UK /səbˈdʒektɪv/
- Adjective
- Using personal feelings and opinions not facts
C1Moreswitch
US /swɪtʃ/
UK /swɪtʃ/
- Noun
- A change or shift from one method to another
- Thing you move to turn electrical items on or off
- Transitive Verb
- To exchange or replace something for another thing
A2TOEICMoresynthesized
US /'sɪnθəˌsaɪzd/
UK /'sɪnθɪsaɪzd/
- Transitive Verb
- To combine different things into a new form
- Adjective
- (Of music) man-made; artificial or mixed
B2Moretransformation
US /ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃn/
UK /ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A complete change in shape or form of something
C2Moretrial
US /ˈtraɪəl, traɪl/
UK /ˈtraɪəl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Hearing and judgment of a case in court
- Act or process of testing or experimenting
- Transitive Verb
- To be made or done as a test or experiment
A2TOEICMoreunconscious
US /ʌnˈkɑnʃəs/
UK /ʌnˈkɒnʃəs/
- Adjective
- Not aware of what is going on around you
- Not being deliberate or on purpose
- Uncountable Noun
- The part of the mind that contains thoughts and feelings that one is not aware of.
B1Morevision
US /ˈvɪʒən/
UK /'vɪʒn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Ability to see; eyesight
- Something you see in your imagination or dreams
A2Morewith just
US
UK
- Phrase
- Using only; with no more than.
- Barely; by a narrow margin.
A2Morework on
US /wɚk ɑn/
UK /wə:k ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To devote effort to improve or develop something
- To try to persuade or influence someone.
A1More
Vocabulary
- in person: Physically present; not by proxy or remotely.
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- as soon as: In a short time after (something happens)
- figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
- have to: Must do
- in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- see in: To accompany someone to the entrance of a building or room.
- in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
- dispense with: To get rid of; do without; eliminate.
- in perspective: Considered in relation to other things, so as to judge what is truly important.
- prior to: Before a particular time or event.
- at least: As a minimum
- speak to: To address or communicate with someone.
- of course: Sure ; Certainly
- drive in: To enter a place or area by driving a vehicle.
- work on: To devote effort to improve or develop something
- with just: Using only; with no more than.
- over to: Used to hand over to someone else to speak
- aspect: Way something looks or seems to be
- unconscious: Not aware of what is going on around you
- represent: To depict art objects, figures, scenes; to portray
- emotional: Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
- trial: Hearing and judgment of a case in court
- separate: Being different from or unrelated to another
- reality: What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
- influence: To affect or change something indirectly
- abstract: Passage of text from an article or book
- guilty: Responsible for doing something wrong
- hierarchy: Group that manages and controls an organization
- escape: Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
- inspire: To give someone an idea to do or make something
- obsessive: Characterized by or constituting an obsession
- form: Sports team or person's current winning record
- reaction: Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- vision: Ability to see; eyesight
- switch: A change or shift from one method to another
- dawn: First light of day
- abandon: To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
- praise: To express approval of something or someone
- energy: Physical or mental strength
- intrinsic: Being naturally and always a part of something
- react: To change when mixing with other chemicals
- noble: Being admirable and honorable in character
- canvas: Special cloth on which an artist paints a picture
- century: Period of 100 years
- personal: Done by or to a particular person; individual
- fully: Completely or entirely
- gradual: Moving slowly by small amounts, over time
- modern: Of the present time; up to date; contemporary
- stand: To be a candidate in an election
- subjective: Using personal feelings and opinions not facts
- exile: State of being forced to leave your country
- spectator: Someone who watches an event
- person: Man, woman or child
- figurative: Using a metaphor; not literally
- exhibition: Public event to display objects, art etc.
- drip: Tiny amount of liquid that falls from something
- legitimacy: Legally allowed act; undisputed credibility
- emperor: Man who rules an empire
- world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- dispense: To distribute, prepare and give out
- feel: To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
- work: The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
- human: A person; a man, woman or child
- light: To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
- post: To send a letter or package using stamps
- culmination: The point at which an event or series of events ends, having developed until it reaches this point
- begin: To do the first part of an action; to start
- geometry: Mathematical study of shapes, surfaces, and space
- let: To allow someone to do something
- outcry: Show of anger or unhappiness by many people
- paint: To make a picture with colored liquids
- manifesto: Political statement of the beliefs or policies
- inventive: Having the ability to think up/create new things
- transformation: A complete change in shape or form of something
- genesis: Beginning of something important
- geometric: With regular mathematical patterns/straight lines
- abstraction: Concept or idea related to something not physical
- synthesized: To combine different things into a new form
- salon: Place for hairdressing or beauty treatments
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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林宜悉 posted on 2026/02/07Ever wondered how art went from pretty pictures to Jackson Pollock's wild drips? This video dives deep into the evolution of modern art, showing you how we got to Abstract Expressionism and action painting. You'll pick up some fantastic advanced vocabulary along the way, perfect for understanding art history and impressing your friends!
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