Vocabulary
- have to: Must do
- in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
- work out
- shelf life: The length of time for which an item remains usable, fit for consumption, or saleable.
- at that time: During a specific point in the past.
- close down: To shut an operation, company, shop
- to do with: To be about something; concern
- together with: In addition to; along with.
- past it: No longer capable or effective due to age or declining condition.
- specific: Precise; particular; just about that thing
- technique: Way of doing by using special knowledge or skill
- improve: To make, or become, something better
- advantage: Thing making the chance of success higher
- specifically: As regards a particular thing; closely related to
- develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
- strain: To remove the water from (food) using a colander
- bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
- research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- fraud: Use of dishonest ways to take something valuable
- decade: Period of 10 years
- industry: Hard work; being busy working
- concentration: Amount or number of something in a thing or place
- status: Position or rank relative to others in a society
- affect: To cause a change in something else
- automatically: In a way not requiring control by a person
- valuable: Being useful or important
- facility: Piece of equipment or buildings with a special use
- sequence: Part of a movie showing one part of the story
- dairy: Concerning or made from milk
- expand: To make something larger in size, number, amount
- result: Something produced through tests or experiments
- evolution: Theory that living things change over time
- responsible: Being the cause of something that has occurred
- switch: A change or shift from one method to another
- competitive: Being strongly driven to win or be better than
- convert: To switch from a religion, belief etc. to another
- analyze: To study carefully to find out the meaning of
- produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
- countless: Being too many to be numbered or imagined
- regularly: At the usual time each day, week, or month
- fake: Not real; made to look like something real
- dioxide: An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
- distribution: Dividing or spreading out to others
- carbon: Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
- analysis: Careful study to better understand something
- formation: Process of creating; making a particular shape
- fermentation: Chemical change that produces alcohol in a liquid
- century: Period of 100 years
- own: To have something as your property
- protect: To defend someone or something from harm or danger
- laboratory: A place to do scientific experiments
- grow: To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
- disappear: To no longer see because it's not there any more
- bacterium: The very small creatures that can cause disease
- genome: Complete set of genetic material in an organism
- time: Speed at which music is played; tempo
- back: Farthest from the front e.g. in a classroom
- special: Being additional or extra
- age: To keep food, wine for a long time to improve it
- put: To move or place a thing in a particular position
- close: Almost; near
- bacterial: Concerning or caused by bacteria
- lactic: Of or obtained from milk (e.g. sour milk or whey)
- whey: Watery part of milk left after it has gone sour
- dna: Chemical in living cells with genetic information
- milliliter: Unit of liquid volume equal to 0.001 liter
- milligram: One thousandth (1/1000) of a gram
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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How they saved the holes in Swiss cheese
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林宜悉 posted on 2026/01/20Ever wondered why Swiss cheese has holes? This fascinating video dives into the world of cheese microbiology and explains how food scientists figured out the secrets behind those iconic Emmental holes! You'll pick up some advanced vocabulary related to starter cultures and hole formation, making it a tasty treat for your brain!
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