Vocabulary

  • at the end of the day: Ultimately; when everything else is considered.
  • at least: As a minimum
  • in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
  • back down: To admit you were wrong; stop claiming
  • answer to: To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
  • talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
  • cut off: To end a process, e.g. a phone call
  • turned out: To arrive for a public event or entertainment
  • come onto: To approach someone with romantic intentions
  • slow down: To reduce the speed
  • to rights: Done correctly or properly, especially fixing problems.
  • on the ground: Located on the surface of the earth.
  • have to: Must do
  • side with: To support one person or group against another in a disagreement.
  • cracking down: To act forcefully in order to reduce crime, etc.
  • know about: To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
  • as opposed to: In contrast to; rather than.
  • no doubts: Certainly; without question (plural form).
  • call for: To demand, need or require (an action or thing)
  • number of people: The total count of individuals within a group or gathering.
  • due to: Because of; owing to
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • stand out
  • at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
  • same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
  • on the brink of: Very near to experiencing something, usually something unpleasant.
  • cut out: To leave out of something, e.g. a social event
  • as a result of: Because of something; owing to.
  • into perspective: To clarify or provide a broader understanding of a situation or issue.
  • overwhelmed: To defeat something or someone completely
  • extremely: In a way that is much more than usual or expected
  • situation: Place, position or area that something is in
  • scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
  • severe: Very bad; harsh
  • fear: Unpleasant feeling caused by being aware of danger
  • current: Electricity flowing through wires
  • previous: Existing or happening before the present time
  • crack: Attempt to achieve a goal or objective
  • overcome: To succeed in a struggle against; defeat
  • portion: Serving of food that is intended for one person
  • estimate: Guess or calculation of cost, size or value
  • disrupt: To cause a disturbance in an activity in progress
  • political: Being active or interested in government matters
  • toll: Sound that a big bell makes, when it is rung
  • paradigm: A set of ideas for understanding or explaining
  • state: Region within a country, with its own government
  • remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
  • regime: A system of management; a form of government
  • democracy: System of government in which everyone is equal
  • register: To record your name on an official list; sign up
  • security: Department in a company in charge of protection
  • involve: To have or be included as a part of something
  • protest: To argue against something in a forceful way
  • transition: Change from one state, movement, place to another
  • guess: To give an answer without knowing if it is correct
  • mass: Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
  • major: High-ranking officer in the army
  • mind: To be bothered or upset by something
  • internal: Being or happening in the body
  • dire: (E.g. of consequences) very serious
  • social: Involving activity with people, e.g. in free time
  • violent: Done with force; likely to produce physical damage
  • stage: To organize an event to gain public interest
  • speculate: To take risks that might lead to big profits
  • supreme: Greatest in degree/nature/quality; absolute best
  • authoritarian: Person expecting complete obedience
  • revolutionary: Marking a significant change in something
  • condemn: To say that (a building) is too unsafe to be used
  • escalate: To increase in size, intensity, or scope
  • important: Having power or authority
  • hit: To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
  • obtain: To be given or to earn something through efforts
  • ammunition: Supply of bullets, etc. that are fired from guns
  • support: To give assistance or advice to someone
  • public: Owned by the government
  • government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
  • middle: Place that is halfway between two things
  • exile: State of being forced to leave your country
  • unrest: Disturbance, e.g. of crowd in protest against
  • change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • question: To ask for or try to get information
  • blackout: When the electric power is off; outage
  • injustice: Unjust act; the practice of being unjust or unfair
  • crackdown: Increased effort to enforce the law or a rule
  • opposition: Act of disagreeing or trying to stop something
  • nationwide: Including or existing in every part of a country
  • complain: To say something is wrong and should be changed
  • repression: Psych act of restricting or holding back emotions
  • calculate: To find an answer using mathematics
  • democrat: An advocate of democratic principles
  • authoritarianism: Belief that the state should be all-powerful
  • monolith: Large block of stone standing by itself
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • ammunition

      US /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/

      UK /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Supply of bullets, etc. that are fired from guns
      B2
      More
    • answer to

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
      • To correspond to or match a description or requirement.
      A1
      More
    • as a result of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Because of something; owing to.
      A1
      More
    • as opposed to

      US

      UK

      • Preposition
      • In contrast to; rather than.
      • Instead of; in place of.
      A1
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • at the end of the day

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Ultimately; when everything else is considered.
      • After a day's work or activities.
      A1
      More
    • at the same time

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
      • Nevertheless; however; used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement.
      A1
      More
    • authoritarian

      US /əˌθɔ:rəˈteriən/

      UK /ɔ:ˌθɒrɪˈteəriən/

      • Noun
      • Person expecting complete obedience
      • Adjective
      • Expecting complete obedience to your rules
      • Favoring or enforcing strict obedience to authority, especially that of the government, at the expense of personal freedom.
      B2
      More
    • authoritarianism

      US /ɔ:ˌθɒrɪ'teərɪrnɪsm/

      UK /ɔ:ˌθɒrɪ'teərɪənɪsm/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Belief that the state should be all-powerful
      B2
      More
    • back down

      US /bæk daʊn/

      UK /bæk daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To admit you were wrong; stop claiming
      A1
      More
    • blackout

      US /ˈblækˌaʊt/

      UK /'blækaʊt/

      • Noun
      • When the electric power is off; outage
      • A temporary loss of consciousness, sight, or memory.
      C1
      More
    • calculate

      US /ˈkælkjəˌlet/

      UK /'kælkjʊleɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To find an answer using mathematics
      • To make an educated guess about something
      B2
      More
    • call for

      US /kɔl fɔr/

      UK /kɔ:l fɔ:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To demand, need or require (an action or thing)
      • To come to someone's house to take them somewhere
      A1
      More
    • come onto

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To approach someone with romantic intentions
      A1
      More
    • complain

      US /kəmˈplen/

      UK /kəmˈpleɪn/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To say something is wrong and should be changed
      • To make a formal accusation or charge.
      B1
      More
    • condemn

      US /kənˈdɛm/

      UK /kənˈdem/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To say that (a building) is too unsafe to be used
      • To state strongly that person, thing is bad, wrong
      B1
      More
    • crack

      US /kræk/

      UK /kræk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Attempt to achieve a goal or objective
      • Unexpected and hard hit to the body
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To attempt to achieve a goal or objective
      • To hit someone or something hard and unexpectedly
      B1
      More
    • crackdown

      US /ˈkrækˌdaʊn/

      UK /ˈkrækdaʊn/

      • Noun
      • Increased effort to enforce the law or a rule
      C2
      More
    • cracking down

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To act forcefully in order to reduce crime, etc.
      B1
      More
    • current

      US /ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr-/

      UK /'kʌrənt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Electricity flowing through wires
      • Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky
      • Adjective
      • Happening or being in the present time
      • In general use or accepted by most people.
      A2
      More
    • cut off

      US /kʌt ɔf/

      UK /kʌt ɔf/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To end a process, e.g. a phone call
      • To cut the end of something
      • Transitive Verb
      • To isolate or prevent access to a place or person.
      • To interrupt someone while they are speaking.
      A1
      More
    • cut out

      US /kʌt aʊt/

      UK /kʌt aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To leave out of something, e.g. a social event
      • To cut something from, e.g. a picture from a book
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To stop doing or using something.
      • To be naturally suited or fitted for something.
      A1
      More
    • democracy

      US /dɪˈmɑkrəsi/

      UK /dɪ'mɒkrəsɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • System of government in which everyone is equal
      • Principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a society.
      B1
      More
    • democrat

      US /ˈdɛməˌkræt/

      UK /'deməkræt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • An advocate of democratic principles
      B2
      More
    • dire

      US /daɪr/

      UK /ˈdaɪə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • (E.g. of consequences) very serious
      B2
      More
    • disrupt

      US /dɪsˈrʌpt/

      UK /dɪsˈrʌpt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a disturbance in an activity in progress
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • due to

      US /du tu/

      UK /dju: tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Because of; owing to
      • Adjective
      • Attributable to; caused by.
      A1
      More
    • escalate

      US /ˈɛskəˌlet/

      UK /ˈeskəleɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To increase in size, intensity, or scope
      • To become much worse or more severe
      B2
      More
    • estimate

      US /ˈɛstəˌmet/

      UK /'estɪmət/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Guess or calculation of cost, size or value
      • A judgment or opinion.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To guess or calculate the cost, size or value of
      • To form an approximate idea or judgment of.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • exile

      US /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl, ˈɛkˌsaɪl/

      UK /'eksaɪl/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of being forced to leave your country
      • Transitive Verb
      • One forced to leave their home and live elsewhere
      B2
      More
    • extremely

      US /ɪk'strimlɪ/

      UK /ɪkˈstri:mli/

      • Adverb
      • In a way that is much more than usual or expected
      • Remarkably; unusually.
      B1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • in the past

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • During a former period of time; previously.
      A1
      More
    • injustice

      US /ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

      UK /ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Unjust act; the practice of being unjust or unfair
      B1
      More
    • internal

      US /ɪnˈtɚnəl/

      UK /inˈtə:nəl/

      • Adjective
      • Being or happening in the body
      • Being, happening in a country, state, organization
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • into perspective

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • To clarify or provide a broader understanding of a situation or issue.
      • To show something is not as important as it seemed, compared to something else.
      C1
      More
    • involve

      US /ɪnˈvɑlv/

      UK /ɪn'vɒlv/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To have or be included as a part of something
      • To cause (a person or group) to take part in an event or activity.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • know about

      US /noʊ əˈbaʊt/

      UK /nəʊ əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
      More
    • major

      US /ˈmedʒɚ/

      UK /'meɪdʒə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • High-ranking officer in the army
      • Main subject you study at university
      • Adjective
      • Main league; esp. referring to American baseball
      • Important, serious, or large in scope, size
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • mass

      US /mæs/

      UK /mæs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
      • Large amount or number of something
      • Transitive Verb
      • To gather people or things into a large group
      B1
      More
    • monolith

      US /ˈmɑnəˌlɪθ/

      UK /'mɒnəlɪθ/

      • Noun
      • Large block of stone standing by itself
      C1
      More
    • nationwide

      US /ˌneʃənˈwaɪd/

      UK /ˌneɪʃnˈwaɪd/

      • Adjective
      • Including or existing in every part of a country
      B1
      More
    • no doubts

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Certainly; without question (plural form).
      A1
      More
    • number of people

      US /ˈnʌmbɚ ʌv ˈpipəl/

      UK /ˈnʌmbə ɔv ˈpi:pl/

      • Phrase
      • The total count of individuals within a group or gathering.
      • A statistical figure representing the population size or a subset thereof.
      A1
      More
    • obtain

      US /əbˈtein/

      UK /əbˈteɪn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To be given or to earn something through efforts
      • To get something through your efforts
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • on the brink of

      US /ɑːn ðiː brɪŋk ɑːv/

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Very near to experiencing something, usually something unpleasant.
      • About to happen; imminent.
      A1
      More
    • on the ground

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Located on the surface of the earth.
      • Present and available in a particular place, especially to deal with a situation.
      More
    • opposition

      US /ˌɑ:pəˈzɪʃn/

      UK /ˌɒpəˈzɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of disagreeing or trying to stop something
      • Group that you are fighting or competing against
      B1
      More
    • overcome

      US /ˌovɚˈkʌm/

      UK /ˌəʊvə'kʌm/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To succeed in a struggle against; defeat
      • Participle
      • Past participle of overcome; to have successfully dealt with or controlled a problem or feeling.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • overwhelmed

      US /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlmd/

      UK /ˌəʊ.vəˈwɛlmd/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To defeat something or someone completely
      • To affect someone emotionally in a strong way
      • Adjective
      • Feeling like you have so much to do that you can't even get started.
      • Feeling like you are unable to cope with something
      B2
      More
    • paradigm

      US /ˈpærəˌdaɪm, -ˌdɪm/

      UK /ˈpærədaɪm/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A set of ideas for understanding or explaining
      • Way of looking at things
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • political

      US /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/

      UK /pəˈlɪtɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Being active or interested in government matters
      • Diplomatic
      A2
      More
    • portion

      US /ˈpɔrʃən, ˈpor-/

      UK /'pɔ:ʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Serving of food that is intended for one person
      • Part of something shared that belongs to a whole
      • Transitive Verb
      • To separate something to divide among people
      B1
      More
    • previous

      US /ˈpriviəs/

      UK /ˈpri:viəs/

      • Adjective
      • Existing or happening before the present time
      • Existing or occurring immediately before in time or order.
      • Noun
      • A button or link that allows navigation to a preceding item or page.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • protest

      US /ˈproʊtɛst/

      UK /'prəʊtest/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To argue against something in a forceful way
      • To express a strong objection or dislike
      • Noun
      • Forceful argument against something
      • Objection to something
      A2
      More
    • regime

      US /reˈʒim, rɪ-/

      UK /reɪˈʒi:m/

      • Noun
      • A system of management; a form of government
      B1
      More
    • register

      US /ˈrɛdʒɪstɚ/

      UK /'redʒɪstə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To record your name on an official list; sign up
      • To show an amount on a measurement device
      • Noun
      • Till; machine used add up things you buy
      • Range of notes of a person's (singing) voice
      A2
      More
    • remain

      US /rɪˈmen/

      UK /rɪˈmeɪn/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be left behind; to continue to exist
      • To stay in a place when other people have gone
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • repression

      US /rɪˈprɛʃən/

      UK /rɪˈpreʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Psych act of restricting or holding back emotions
      B2
      More
    • revolutionary

      US /ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri/

      UK /ˌrevə'lu:ʃənərɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Marking a significant change in something
      • Relating to a violent replacement of a government
      • Countable Noun
      • Person fighting to replace a government
      B2
      More
    • same time

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
      • At the identical time as before; recurring at a fixed hour.
      • Noun
      • An equal duration or period.
      A1
      More
    • scale

      US /skel/

      UK /skeɪl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Size, level, or amount when compared
      • Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To change the size of but keep the proportions
      • To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • security

      US /sɪˈkjʊrɪti/sə'kjurətɪ/

      UK /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/

      • Noun
      • Department in a company in charge of protection
      • Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • severe

      US /səˈvɪr/

      UK /sɪ'vɪə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Very bad; harsh
      • (Of clothes, etc.) plain; simple; not decorated
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • side with

      US /saɪd wɪð/

      UK /said wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To support one person or group against another in a disagreement.
      A2
      More
    • slow down

      US /slo daʊn/

      UK /sləu daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reduce the speed
      • To become less active or busy.
      A1
      More
    • speculate

      US /ˈspɛkjəˌlet/

      UK /ˈspekjuleɪt/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To take risks that might lead to big profits
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To predict or guess what is possible or likely
      B2
      More
    • stand out

      US /stænd aʊt/

      UK /stænd aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be noticeably better than other similar ones
      A1
      More
    • supreme

      US /sʊˈprim/

      UK /su:ˈpri:m/

      • Adjective
      • Greatest in degree/nature/quality; absolute best
      • Holding the highest power, status or authority
      B1
      More
    • talking about

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To discuss a particular topic.
      • To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
      A1
      More
    • to rights

      US /tu raɪts/

      UK /tu raɪts/

      • other
      • Done correctly or properly, especially fixing problems.
      C1
      More
    • toll

      US /tol/

      UK /təʊl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sound that a big bell makes, when it is rung
      • Number of people hurt or killed in a disaster
      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Bell) to ring in a slow, loud and repeated way
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • transition

      US /trænˈzɪʃən, -ˈsɪʃ-/

      UK /trænˈzɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Change from one state, movement, place to another
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To change state, movement, place, or subject
      B1
      More
    • turned out

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To arrive for a public event or entertainment
      • To happen to be in the end
      • Transitive Verb
      • To extinguish or switch off lights.
      A1
      More
    • unrest

      US /ʌnˈrɛst, ˈʌnˌrɛst/

      UK /ʌn'rest/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Disturbance, e.g. of crowd in protest against
      B2
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • violent

      US /ˈvaɪələnt/

      UK /ˈvaɪələnt/

      • Adjective
      • Done with force; likely to produce physical damage
      • Using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something.
      A2
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #iran#iranian#shah#regime#islamic#people

    Analyst: 'Iran’s regime is not a monolith — some major elements call for a paradigm change'

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2026/01/10
    Ever wondered about the different voices within Iran's regime? This video dives into the complexities, revealing that not everyone is on the same page and some major players are actually pushing for big changes! You'll pick up some advanced vocabulary related to political analysis and gain a deeper cultural understanding of the situation.

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