Vocabulary

  • have to: Must do
  • of course: Sure ; Certainly
  • at work: Located at one's place of employment
  • on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
  • in the end: Finally; after a period of time or series of events.
  • turn to: To go to someone for help, advice, or information.
  • in the here and now: Focusing on the present moment or current situation.
  • at least: As a minimum
  • hand on: To pass or transfer something physically to someone else.
  • to hand: To give or pass something to someone using your hand.
  • vulnerable: Being open to attack or damage
  • discipline: Instruction and practice to teach obedience
  • extraordinary: Beyond what is ordinary; very unusual; remarkable
  • opportunity: Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
  • structure: The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
  • psychological: Concerning the study of the mind
  • strength: Condition of being strong
  • complex: Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
  • legacy: Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
  • extent: Point, level or limit to which something reaches
  • abuse: To mistreat or be cruel towards someone
  • suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
  • moral: In a way considered proper and good by most people
  • comfort: To try to make distressed person feel better
  • accountability: Responsibility to someone or for some activity
  • generate: To create or be produced or bring into existence
  • witness: To see the signing of an official document
  • deny: To refuse to allow or accept something
  • haunt: To remain in the mind causing worry, sadness, pain
  • beat: To move in regular motions in order to push blood
  • recipient: Someone who gets or receives something
  • colleague: Person you work or cooperate with
  • appalling: Causing shock or distress because it is terrible
  • corruption: State of being damaged or spoiled
  • economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
  • agony: Great pain or suffering
  • reduce: To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
  • layer: One of several sheets of a material or object
  • dire: (E.g. of consequences) very serious
  • hatred: Very strong feeling of dislike; hate
  • violence: Strong physical force of nature
  • stage: To organize an event to gain public interest
  • bully: a person who habitually seeks to harm or intimidate those whom they perceive as vulnerable
  • single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
  • sound: Sensible, dependable and reliable
  • kind: In a caring and helpful manner
  • pain: Strong feeling of hurt or discomfort
  • manage: To survive hardships and difficulties; to cope
  • simple: Not hard to understand or do; not complex
  • steal: A bargain; something bought very cheaply
  • bring: To take or go with someone to a place
  • great: Very good; better than before
  • step: Movement done as part of a particular dance
  • turn: To become (a particular age)
  • land: Region or country
  • inherit: To have a quality or feature passed down at birth
  • person: Man, woman or child
  • torment: Great mental or physical pain
  • consolation: Something that gives you a better feeling when sad
  • cynicism: Belief that bad motivates things/people are bad
  • cruelty: Intention to hurt others or be mean to them
  • diligence: Hard work and effort
  • alcoholic: Containing alcohol; that can make you drunk
  • rift: Opening made by splitting; a major disagreement
  • butcher: Store selling meat; person who sells meats
  • kindness: Quality of being warmhearted and helpful
  • furnace: Container with hot fire for melting metal, etc.
  • anew: Doing something again or in a different way
  • grandmother: Your mother or father's mother
  • grandfather: Your mother's or father's father
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • abuse

      US /əˈbjuz/

      UK /ə'bju:s/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To mistreat or be cruel towards someone
      • To use in an inappropriate or excessive way
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Improper/dishonest/excessive use of something
      • Insulting someone, e.g. by swearing at them
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • accountability

      US /əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ/

      UK /əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Responsibility to someone or for some activity
      B1
      More
    • agony

      US /ˈæɡəni/

      UK /ˈægəni/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Great pain or suffering
      B1
      More
    • alcoholic

      US /ˌælkəˈhɔlɪk, -ˈhɑlɪk/

      UK /ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Containing alcohol; that can make you drunk
      • Relating to, containing, or caused by alcohol.
      • Noun
      • Person who drinks too much alcohol
      • A drink containing alcohol.
      B1
      More
    • anew

      US /əˈnu:/

      UK /əˈnju:/

      • Adverb
      • Doing something again or in a different way
      B2
      More
    • appalling

      US

      UK

      • Adjective
      • Causing shock or distress because it is terrible
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To feel shock or distress at something terrible
      B2
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • at work

      US /æt wɚk/

      UK /æt wə:k/

      • Phrase
      • Located at one's place of employment
      A1
      More
    • beat

      US /bit/

      UK /bi:t/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To move in regular motions in order to push blood
      • Transitive Verb
      • To strike or hit repeatedly and with great force
      • To mix ingredients together with a fork or machine
      A2
      More
    • bully

      US /ˈbʊli/

      UK /'bʊlɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • a person who habitually seeks to harm or intimidate those whom they perceive as vulnerable
      • A person who uses superior strength or influence to intimidate others.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • seek to harm, intimidate, or coerce (someone perceived as vulnerable)
      B2
      More
    • butcher

      US /ˈbʊtʃɚ/

      UK /ˈbʊtʃə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • Store selling meat; person who sells meats
      • Transitive Verb
      • To cut up dead animals to sell their meat
      • To kill people violently and without compassion
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • colleague

      US /ˈkɑlˌiɡ/

      UK /'kɒli:ɡ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Person you work or cooperate with
      • A fellow member of a profession
      A2
      More
    • comfort

      US /ˈkʌmfət/

      UK /'kʌmfət/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To try to make distressed person feel better
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Acts or words that reduce pain or sadness
      • State of being relaxed, warm or happy
      A2
      More
    • complex

      US /kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks/

      UK /'kɒmpleks/

      • Countable Noun
      • Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
      • Adjective
      • Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
      A2
      More
    • consolation

      US /ˌkɑnsəˈleʃən/

      UK /ˌkɒnsəˈleɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Something that gives you a better feeling when sad
      B2
      More
    • corruption

      US /kəˈrʌpʃən/

      UK /kəˈrʌpʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of being damaged or spoiled
      • Illegal, immoral dishonesty
      B1
      More
    • cruelty

      US /ˈkruəlti/

      UK /ˈkru:əlti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Intention to hurt others or be mean to them
      B1
      More
    • cynicism

      US /ˈsɪnɪˌsɪzəm/

      UK /'sɪnɪsɪzəm/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Belief that bad motivates things/people are bad
      B2
      More
    • deny

      US /dɪˈnaɪ/

      UK /dɪ'naɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To refuse to allow or accept something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • diligence

      US /ˈdɪlədʒəns/

      UK /ˈdɪlɪdʒəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Hard work and effort
      B1
      More
    • dire

      US /daɪr/

      UK /ˈdaɪə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • (E.g. of consequences) very serious
      B2
      More
    • discipline

      US /ˈdɪsəplɪn/

      UK /'dɪsəplɪn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Instruction and practice to teach obedience
      • Particular field of study
      • Transitive Verb
      • To control or train others by making them obey you
      • To punish a person for their wrongdoing
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • extent

      US /ɪkˈstɛnt/

      UK /ɪkˈstent/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Point, level or limit to which something reaches
      • Range or space included in something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • extraordinary

      US /ɪkˈstrɔ:rdəneri/

      UK /ɪkˈstrɔ:dnri/

      • Adjective
      • Beyond what is ordinary; very unusual; remarkable
      • Additional to or different from what is usual or regular.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • furnace

      US /ˈfɜ:rnɪs/

      UK /ˈfɜ:nɪs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Container with hot fire for melting metal, etc.
      • An enclosed structure used for heating materials to very high temperatures.
      B2
      More
    • generate

      US /ˈdʒɛnəˌret/

      UK /ˈdʒenəreɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To create or be produced or bring into existence
      • To create electricity, heat, energy and power
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • grandfather

      US /ˈɡrændˌfɑðɚ, ˈɡræn-/

      UK /'ɡrænfɑ:ðə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • Your mother's or father's father
      B2
      More
    • grandmother

      US /ˈɡrændˌmʌðɚ, ˈɡræn-/

      UK /ˈgrænmʌðə(r)/

      • Noun
      • Your mother or father's mother
      B2
      More
    • hand on

      US /hænd ɑn/

      UK /hænd ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To pass or transfer something physically to someone else.
      • To pass or transfer knowledge, skills, or traditions to someone else.
      A1
      More
    • hatred

      US /ˈhetrɪd/

      UK /ˈheɪtrɪd/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Very strong feeling of dislike; hate
      B2
      More
    • haunt

      US /hɔnt, hɑnt/

      UK /hɔ:nt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To remain in the mind causing worry, sadness, pain
      • (Of ghosts, etc.) to stay in a place after death
      • Noun
      • Place that a person repeatedly goes to or visits
      B2
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • in the end

      US /ɪn ði ɛnd/

      UK /in ðə end/

      • Phrase
      • Finally; after a period of time or series of events.
      • Ultimately; as the final result or consequence.
      A1
      More
    • in the here and now

      US /ɪn ðə ˈhɪɚ ænd naʊ/

      UK /in ðə ˈhɪə ənd naʊ/

      • other
      • Focusing on the present moment or current situation.
      B2
      More
    • inherit

      US /ɪnˈhɛrɪt/

      UK /ɪn'herɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To have a quality or feature passed down at birth
      • To receive property or money after someone dies
      B1
      More
    • kindness

      US /ˈkaɪndnɪs/

      UK /ˈkaɪndnəs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Quality of being warmhearted and helpful
      • A kind or helpful act.
      B1
      More
    • layer

      US /ˈleɚ/

      UK /ˈleiə/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • One of several sheets of a material or object
      • A covering of something spread over a surface.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To put things one on top of another
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • legacy

      US /ˈlɛɡəsi/

      UK /'leɡəsɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
      • Something left or given by a person who has died
      • Adjective
      • Relating to old or outdated computer systems or software.
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • moral

      US /ˈmɔrəl, ˈmɑr-/

      UK /ˈmɒrəl/

      • Adjective
      • In a way considered proper and good by most people
      • Uncountable Noun
      • In a way considered proper and good by most people
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • of course

      US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/

      UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/

      • Adverb
      • Sure ; Certainly
      • Phrase
      • For sure; certainly
      A2
      More
    • on earth

      US /ɑn ɚθ/

      UK /ɔn ə:θ/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
      • Used to emphasize that something is not possible or will not happen.
      A1
      More
    • opportunity

      US /ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju-/

      UK /ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
      • A favorable time or occasion for doing something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • psychological

      US /ˌsaɪkəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/

      UK /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the study of the mind
      • Relating to or involving the use of propaganda, threats, or other psychological techniques to subdue an opponent.
      A2
      More
    • recipient

      US /rɪˈsɪpiənt/

      UK /rɪ'sɪpɪənt/

      • Noun
      • Someone who gets or receives something
      • Adjective
      • Receiving or capable of receiving.
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • reduce

      US /rɪˈdus, -ˈdjus/

      UK /rɪ'dju:s/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
      • To boil a liquid until it has decreased in amount
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rift

      US /rɪft/

      UK /rɪft/

      • Noun
      • Opening made by splitting; a major disagreement
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • strength

      US /strɛŋkθ, strɛŋθ, strɛnθ/

      UK /streŋθ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Condition of being strong
      • The quality or state of being physically strong.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • structure

      US /ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ/

      UK /ˈstrʌk.tʃə/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
      • A building or other man-made object.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To plan, organize, or arrange the parts of something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • suffer

      US / ˈsʌfɚ/

      UK /'sʌfə(r)/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To experience pain, illness, or injury
      • To allow or permit something, especially something unpleasant.
      A2
      More
    • to hand

      US

      UK

      • Transitive Verb
      • To give or pass something to someone using your hand.
      • To offer assistance or help.
      A1
      More
    • torment

      US /ˈtɔ:rment/

      UK /ˈtɔ:ment/

      • Noun
      • Great mental or physical pain
      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause great physical or mental pain to
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • turn to

      US /tɚn tu/

      UK /tə:n tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To go to someone for help, advice, or information.
      • To start doing or using something, often something bad or undesirable.
      A1
      More
    • violence

      US /ˈvaɪələns/

      UK /ˈvaɪələns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Strong physical force of nature
      • Use of physical force to harm someone
      B1
      More
    • vulnerable

      US /ˈvʌlnərəbəl/

      UK /ˈvʌlnərəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Being open to attack or damage
      • Being easily harmed, hurt, or wounded
      B1
      More
    • witness

      US /ˈwɪtnɪs/

      UK /'wɪtnəs/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To see the signing of an official document
      • To see an event take place (usually a crime)
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Person who was present to see an event take place
      • Evidence or proof of something
      B1TOEIC
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B2
    #father#recipient#cruelty#inherited#extent#suffering

    How All Meanness Is Inherited

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2025/11/19
    Ever wonder why meanness seems to run in families? This video dives deep into generational trauma and the psychology of cruelty, offering a fascinating look at how we can break these cycles. You'll pick up some advanced vocabulary and gain a deeper understanding of complex social issues!

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