afford
US /əˈfɔrd, əˈford/
UK /ə'fɔ:d/
- Transitive Verb
- To make available, to provide
- To have enough money to pay for something
A2TOEICMoreborrow
US /ˈbɑ:roʊ/
UK /ˈbɒrəʊ/
- Transitive Verb
- To take and later return something from another
- To carry one number to another column when adding
A2TOEICMoreclose down
US /kloz daʊn/
UK /kləuz daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To shut an operation, company, shop
A1Morecode
US /kod/
UK /kəʊd/
- Transitive Verb
- To express information in a series of numbers
- To write a secret message using secret symbols
- Noun
- A password made of a set of letters or numbers
- Set of rules for behavior
A2Morecome from
US /kʌm frʌm/
UK /kʌm frɔm/
- Phrasal Verb
- To have as your native country or city
A1Moreconstruction
US /kənˈstrʌkʃən/
UK /kən'strʌkʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of building something; thing that is built
- Something that is made using different parts
A2Morecover up
US /ˈkʌvɚ ʌp/
UK /ˈkʌvə ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To hide something bad; conceal
- To put on warmer clothes; to protect oneself from the cold.
A1Morecut costs
US
UK
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To reduce expenses or spending.
A2Moredebt
US /dɛt/
UK /det/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid
- A moral or social obligation.
A2TOEICMoredemand
US /dɪˈmænd/
UK /dɪ'mɑ:nd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Desire customers have to buy product, service
- A strong request for someone to do something
- Transitive Verb
- To strongly request someone to do something
- To need something.
A2TOEICMoredepression
US /dɪˈprɛʃən/
UK /dɪ'preʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Medical condition of a lack of vitality
- Period of unemployment and low economic activity
B2Morediscover
US /dɪˈskʌvɚ/
UK /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
- Transitive Verb
- To find something new that was not known before
- To learn or find out (something previously unknown or secret).
A2TOEICMoredna
US
UK
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Chemical in living cells with genetic information
B2Moreeconomic collapse
US
UK
- Noun
- A severe and prolonged downturn in economic activity.
B1Moreethnicity
US /ɛθˈnɪsɪti/
UK /eθˈnɪsəti/
- Uncountable Noun
- Ethnic group; shared origins or culture
- The ethnic origin or background of a person or group of people.
B1Morefamily members
US
UK
- Noun (plural)
- People related by blood, marriage, or adoption.
A1Morefor free
US /fɔr fri/
UK /fɔ: fri:/
- Phrase
- Without charge; at no cost.
- Adjective
- Available without payment.
A2Moregeographic
US /ˌdʒi:ə'ɡræfɪk/
UK /ˌdʒi:ə'ɡræfɪk/
- Adjective
- Concerning the earth and its natural features
B1Moreglobe
US /gloʊb/
UK /gləʊb/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A round object, e.g. like the earth; sphere
B1TOEICMorego back to
US /ɡo bæk tu/
UK /ɡəu bæk tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To return to a starting point
A1Morego on
US /ɡo ɑn/
UK /ɡəu ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To continue doing something
- To happen (usually negative)
- Interjection
- Used to encourage someone
A1Morehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morehistory
US /ˈhɪstəri/
UK /'hɪstrɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Established pattern or record
- Study of past events as an academic subject
A2Morein one year
US
UK
- Phrase
- Within a period of twelve months.
A1Moreinvest
US /ɪnˈvɛst/
UK /ɪn'vest/
- Transitive Verb
- To use resources to build for the future
A2TOEICMorejungle
US /ˈdʒʌŋɡəl/
UK /'dʒʌŋɡl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Tropical area with many wild plants and animals
- Environment which is difficult, harsh, or complex
B1Morelay off
US /le ɔf/
UK /lei ɔf/
- Phrasal Verb
- To stop troubling or hitting someone
- To stop employing a worker, e.g. temporarily
A2Moreleft and right
US
UK
- Adverb
- In both the left and right directions.
- Everywhere; in all directions.
- Noun
- Referring to both liberal and conservative political viewpoints.
- Two opposing options or directions.
A1Moreloan
US /lon/
UK /ləʊn/
- Transitive Verb
- To give money, etc. that must be paid back
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of allowing someone to borrow something
A2TOEICMorelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Moremass
US /mæs/
UK /mæs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
- Large amount or number of something
- Transitive Verb
- To gather people or things into a large group
B1Morepanic
US /ˈpænɪk/
UK /'pænɪk/
- Uncountable Noun
- Overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety
- Intransitive Verb
- To feel sudden anxiety and fear and cannot think
B1Morepay back
US /pe bæk/
UK /pei bæk/
- Phrasal Verb
- To return money or a favor
- To take revenge on someone for doing something bad
A1Morepoverty
US /ˈpɑvəti/
UK /ˈpɔvəti/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of being poor
- Lack of something necessary
B1Morepresident
US /ˈprɛzɪdənt,-ˌdɛnt/
UK /ˈprezɪdənt/
- Noun
- Person in charge of a country, or organization
- The highest-ranking executive in a corporation or organization.
A2TOEICMoreproperty
US /ˈprɑpəti/
UK /'prɒpətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Particular quality that someone or something has
- Buildings or piece of land owned by someone
A2TOEICMorerisky
US /ˈrɪski/
UK /ˈrɪski/
- Adjective
- With the chance it may be dangerous, unsuccessful
A2Moreshipping
US /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/
UK /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/
- Transitive Verb
- To transport goods by boat, truck or plane
- To want two fictional characters to be in a romantic relationship.
- Uncountable Noun
- Business of transporting goods or orders to places
- The transport of goods, especially by sea or air.
B1TOEICMoreshut
US /ʃʌt/
UK /ʃʌt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To stop being open for business
- Transitive Verb
- To close something, e.g. a door
A2Moreshut down
US /ʃʌt daʊn/
UK /ʃʌt daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
- To stop a factory/machine from operating
- Transitive Verb
- To deactivate a nuclear reactor.
- To turn off a computer or other electronic device.
A2Moreshut up
US /ʃʌt ʌp/
UK /ʃʌt ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To close something, e.g. a shop
- To (cause someone to) be silent or not speak
- Interjection
- An expression of disbelief or surprise
A2Morestuff
US /stʌf/
UK /stʌf/
- Uncountable Noun
- Generic description for things, materials, objects
- Transitive Verb
- To push material inside something, with force
B1Moretake out
US /tek aʊt/
UK /teik aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To apply for and get a license
- To take someone on a date
- Uncountable Noun
- Food purchased at a restaurant to eat elsewhere.
A1Morethanks to
US /θæŋks tu/
UK /θæŋks tu:/
- Preposition
- Because of; as a result of.
A1Moretoaster
US /ˈtoʊstə(r)/
UK /ˈtəʊstə(r)/
- Noun
- Electrical appliance for making toast
B1Moretriumph
US /ˈtraɪəmf/
UK /'traɪʌmf/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Joy from victory or success
- A victory or win of an event
- Intransitive Verb
- To celebrate victory or success with much joy
- To achieve a victory; to be successful.
B2Moreturn into
US /tɚn ˈɪntu/
UK /tə:n ˈɪntuː/
- Phrasal Verb
- To change to become something else
- To change your direction to go into a place
A1Moreunemployment
US /ˌʌnɛmˈplɔɪmənt,-ɪm-/
UK /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
- Uncountable Noun
- Number of people without jobs in a country
- State of not having a job
B1Morewar
US /wɔr/
UK /wɔ:(r)/
- Noun
- Situation where armies fight each other
A2Morewithdraw
US /wɪðˈdrɔ, wɪθ-/
UK /wɪð'drɔ:/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To take money out of a bank account
- To pull back; move away or backward from something
B1TOEICMore
Vocabulary
- in one year: Within a period of twelve months.
- have to: Must do
- shut down: To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
- come from: To have as your native country or city
- take out: To apply for and get a license
- pay back: To return money or a favor
- economic collapse: A severe and prolonged downturn in economic activity.
- go back to: To return to a starting point
- family members: People related by blood, marriage, or adoption.
- for free: Without charge; at no cost.
- thanks to: Because of; as a result of.
- go on: To continue doing something
- cut costs: To reduce expenses or spending.
- left and right: In both the left and right directions.
- shut up: To close something, e.g. a shop
- cover up: To hide something bad; conceal
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- close down: To shut an operation, company, shop
- lay off: To stop troubling or hitting someone
- turn into: To change to become something else
- stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
- depression: Medical condition of a lack of vitality
- panic: Overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety
- poverty: State of being poor
- demand: Desire customers have to buy product, service
- property: Particular quality that someone or something has
- debt: Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid
- afford: To make available, to provide
- mass: Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
- interest: Best or most advantageous thing for someone
- construction: Act of building something; thing that is built
- invest: To use resources to build for the future
- economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
- withdraw: To take money out of a bank account
- company: Good feeling from being with someone else
- lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- triumph: Joy from victory or success
- offer: Price you say you are willing to pay for something
- loan: To give money, etc. that must be paid back
- president: Person in charge of a country, or organization
- ethnicity: Ethnic group; shared origins or culture
- build: Your physical shape; physique
- government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
- rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
- shut: To stop being open for business
- fail: To be unsuccessful in passing a class or exam
- land: Region or country
- discover: To find something new that was not known before
- business: A company formed for making profit
- make: To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- future: Time that is to come after the present
- nation: Area or region controlled by a government and army
- borrow: To take and later return something from another
- start: First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
- globe: A round object, e.g. like the earth; sphere
- unemployment: Number of people without jobs in a country
- code: To express information in a series of numbers
- risky: With the chance it may be dangerous, unsuccessful
- jungle: Tropical area with many wild plants and animals
- history: Established pattern or record
- war: Situation where armies fight each other
- shipping: To transport goods by boat, truck or plane
- geographic: Concerning the earth and its natural features
- toaster: Electrical appliance for making toast
- dna: Chemical in living cells with genetic information
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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Minjane posted on 2025/11/15Ever wondered how bananas could explain the Great Depression? This video dives into the Roaring Twenties and the 1929 stock crash with a fun, satirical twist, perfect for boosting your economic history knowledge! You'll pick up tons of new vocabulary and gain cultural depth while understanding this fascinating period.
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