Vocabulary

• going on: To continue doing something
• in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
• in the middle of: In the central part or point of something.
• of a sudden: Quickly and unexpectedly; suddenly.
• for example: As an illustration or instance.
• have to: Must do
• to scale: In proportion; maintaining accurate relative dimensions.
• instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
• at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
• same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
• on the verge of: Very near to doing or experiencing something.
• in public: In a place where anyone can see or hear you.
• give it up: To stop trying to do something
• to let: Indicates that a property is available for rent.
• to the death: With the greatest effort or until the very end, often deadly.
• much about: A lot of information or knowledge concerning something.
• know about: To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
• for free: Without charge; at no cost.
• together with: In addition to; along with.
• at that time: During a specific point in the past.
• in particular: Specifically; especially.
• look back: To think about past events
• talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
• by steam: Using steam-powered vehicles or machinery for transport.
• tap into: To manage to use something in a way that brings you benefits
• drive down: To cause something to decrease or become lower.
• come up with: To think of an idea or solution; produce
• rule of thumb: A practical and approximate way of doing or measuring something.
• coming down on: To criticize or punish severely.
• in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
• think about: To consider something carefully.
• go beyond: To do more than planned or expected; exceed
• for sure: Definitely; certainly; without a doubt.
• based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
• to the point: Expressing something directly and without unnecessary detail.
• essentially: Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
• depression: Medical condition of a lack of vitality
• progress: To move forward or toward a place or goal
• basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
• scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
• conflict: Argument or struggle between two or more parties
• extreme: Very great in degree
• exact: Completely correct; accurate; specific
• previous: Existing or happening before the present time
• fundamental: Forming a necessary part, base, or core
• continent: Very large piece of land, e.g. Africa or Asia
• political: Being active or interested in government matters
• innovation: Process of creating new ideas or inventions
• tip: To pour or move something from a place, container
• society: A group who meet to share values or interests
• democracy: System of government in which everyone is equal
• tension: Feeling of anxiety and inability to relax
• create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
• roam: To move about freely without a set destination
• civilization: A highly developed society
• economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
• civil: Of citizens of a country; not military, criminal
• digital: Using electronic signals or computers
• foreign: Being of a different place or country
• enlightenment: State of having a lot of knowledge and wisdom
• moment: Very short or brief period of time
• breakthrough: Important discovery in doing something difficult
• technology: Use or knowledge of science in industry etc.
• kind: In a caring and helpful manner
• coalition: Union of separate political parties
• system: Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
• build: Your physical shape; physique
• economic: Concerning trade, industry, and money
• holy: Being good according to religious standards
• point: An item to be discussed
• middle: Place that is halfway between two things
• sudden: Happening or done quickly or unexpectedly
• boom: Very fast increase in growth or popularity
• great: Very good; better than before
• change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
• explosion: Loud and sudden expression of emotion
• historic: (Of past event) having an effect on future; famous
• start: First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
• understand: To know the meaning of language, what someone says
• capitalism: Economic system where companies own industry
• world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
• work: The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
• amino: Of some substances that form proteins
• genome: Complete set of genetic material in an organism
• rail: To complain or object forcefully
• governance: Way a government is run; function of a government
• generative: Having the ability to produce or originate
• vat: A large open vessel for holding or storing liquids
• stagflation: Period of slow economic growth while prices rise
• prod: To poke with a finger, elbow, stick etc.
• homestead: Home and the land where it sits, often on a farm