approval
US /əˈpruvəl/
UK /əˈpru:vl/
- Uncountable Noun
- Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
- Positive opinion of something or someone
A2TOEICMoreas for
US /æz fɔr/
UK /æz fɔ:/
- Preposition
- Concerning; regarding.
- Phrase
- Used to introduce a new topic or aspect of a subject.
A1Moreas well as
US /æz wɛl æz/
UK /æz wel æz/
- Adverb
- Also; in addition to
- Preposition
- In addition to; and also.
A1Morebasically
US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/
UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/
- Adverb
- Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
A2Morebatch
US /bætʃ/
UK /bætʃ/
- Countable Noun
- Amount of something that is produced at one time
- A group of things made or done together
- Transitive Verb
- To combine or arrange together into a group
B2Morecapacity
US /kəˈpæsɪti/
UK /kə'pæsətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
- Largest amount of something that can be produced
B1Morechocolatey
US
UK
- Adjective
- Having the flavor or taste of chocolate
B2Morecocoa
US /ˈkoko/
UK /'kəʊkəʊ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Brown powder from a large bean, used for chocolate
B2Morecombine
US /kəmˈbaɪn/
UK /kəmˈbaɪn/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To mix several things together to form one thing
- To harvest by means of a combine.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A harvesting machine for cutting, threshing, and cleaning grain.
- A mixture of different things.
A2Morecome on in
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- An invitation to enter a place.
- Interjection
- Used to encourage someone to join an activity or situation.
A1Morecomply
US /kəmˈplaɪ/
UK /kəmˈplaɪ/
- Intransitive Verb
- To obey; follow a rule, another's wishes etc.
B2Moreconsumption
US /kənˈsʌmpʃən/
UK /kənˈsʌmpʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The act of buying and using products
- The act of using energy, food or materials; the amount used
B1Moreconventional
US /kənˈvɛnʃənəl/
UK /kən'venʃənl/
- Adjective
- Following the common attitudes and practices
- Non-nuclear
B2Moredeforestation
US //diːˌfɔːr.əˈsteɪ.ʃən//
UK //diːˌfɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən//
- Uncountable Noun
- Process of removing the trees from an area
C2Moredomesticate
US /dəˈmɛstɪˌket/
UK /də'mestɪkeɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To train an animal as a pet or to do work; tame
- To breed a plant to be used or consumed by humans
C1Moredwindle
US /ˈdwɪndl/
UK /'dwɪndl/
- Intransitive Verb
- To make or become less or smaller gradually
B2Moreentice
US /ɛnˈtaɪs/
UK /ɪn'taɪs/
- Transitive Verb
- To attract someone by appealing to hope or desire
B2TOEICMoreever since
US /ˈɛvɚ sɪns/
UK /ˈevə sins/
- Adverb
- Continuously from a past time until now.
- Conjunction
- From the time that; because.
B2Moreferment
US / fɚˈmɛnt/
UK /'fɜ:ment/
- Intransitive Verb
- To go through a chemical change to make alcohol
B2TOEICMorefermentation
US /ˌfə:mənˈteʃən, -mɛn-/
UK /ˌfɜ:men'teɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Chemical change that produces alcohol in a liquid
B2Morefor myself
US /fɚ maɪˈsɛlf/
UK /fə maɪˈself/
- other
- Done for one's own benefit or use.
A1Morefounder
US /ˈfaʊndɚ/
UK /ˈfaʊndə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Person establishing an organization, school etc.
- Intransitive Verb
- (Of business, idea, etc.) to fail
- (Of a ship) To be sinking after hitting rocks
B1TOEICMoregrab
US /ɡræb/
UK /ɡræb/
- Transitive Verb
- To take and hold something quickly
A2Moreharvest
US /ˈhɑ:rvɪst/
UK /ˈhɑ:vɪst/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Gathering crops from the fields; the crops
- The time of year to bring crops in from the fields
- Transitive Verb
- To gather ripe crops in from the fields
- To obtain or collect something.
B1TOEICMoreharvesting
US /'hɑ:vɪstɪŋ/
UK /'hɑ:vɪstɪŋ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To gather ripe crops in from the fields
- Noun
- The act of obtaining or collecting something.
B1Morehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morein different ways
US
UK
- Phrase
- Using various methods or approaches; with variety.
- In varying manners or styles; not uniformly.
A1Moreinnovation
US /ˌɪnəˈveʃən/
UK /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Process of creating new ideas or inventions
- A new thing or method that is introduced.
B1TOEICMoreinstead of
US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/
UK /inˈsted ɔv/
- Preposition
- When one thing is replaced by another
- Adverb
- As a substitute or alternative.
A1Morelab
US /læb/
UK /læb/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Short for 'laboratory'
B1Morelaunch
US /lɔntʃ, lɑntʃ/
UK /lɔ:ntʃ/
- Noun
- Starting a new project; introducing new product
- Act of firing rockets into the air
- Transitive Verb
- To start a new project; start selling a product
- To put a rocket into the air
A2TOEICMoreliquor
US /ˈlɪkɚ/
UK /ˈlɪkə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Strong alcoholic beverage
B2Moremade with
US
UK
- Phrase
- Containing a particular ingredient or material.
- Created or produced using a specific tool, method, or process.
- Phrasal Verb
- To offer or provide something, often quickly or unexpectedly.
A1Moremarketing
US /ˈmɑ:rkɪtɪŋ/
UK /ˈmɑ:kɪtɪŋ/
- Transitive Verb
- To publicize products to get you to buy; advertise
- Uncountable Noun
- The act of selling services or goods
B1Moremature
US /məˈtʃʊr/
UK /məˈtʃʊə(r)/
- Adjective
- Behaving like an adult
- Being fully developed physically
- Intransitive Verb
- (Wine, cheese) To age to improve its taste
A2Moremelt
US /mɛlt/
UK /melt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To disappear or to go away
- To make, become soft or liquid due to heat
- Uncountable Noun
- A mass of material that has been melted, especially metal.
B1Moreminimum
US /ˈmɪnəməm/
UK /ˈmɪnɪməm/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Smallest degree or level that is acceptable
- The lowest recorded or expected temperature.
- Adjective
- Smallest or lowest; the least possible.
- Using or requiring the least possible resources.
B1TOEICMoremoment of truth
US
UK
- Noun
- A critical point, especially in a difficult situation, when one's fate or success is determined.
neighbor
US /ˈnebɚ/
UK /'neɪbə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Person who lives, or is near, you
- A country or area next to another.
- Adjective
- Situated near or next to something.
B1Morenext door
US /nɛkst dɔr/
UK /nekst dɔ:/
- Adverb
- Living in the house next to the one mentioned
A1Moreof course
US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/
UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/
- Adverb
- Sure ; Certainly
- Phrase
- For sure; certainly
A2Morephrase
US /frez/
UK /freɪz/
- Noun
- Common expression or saying
- Section of musical notes in a piece of music
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To choose words to say what you mean clearly
A2Morepour
US /pɔr, por/
UK /pɔ:(r)/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To fill a person's glass or cup with a drink
- To make something flow in a steady stream
A2Morepowder
US /ˈpaʊdɚ/
UK /'paʊdə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Dry material made up of small powder-like pieces
- Dry and light form of snow
- Transitive Verb
- To apply a dust onto the body or face
- To reduce to powder; pulverize.
B1Moreprecursor
US /pri:ˈkɜ:rsə(r)/
UK /pri:ˈkɜ:sə(r)/
- Noun
- Something that comes before another; forerunner
B1Moreprocess
US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/
UK /prə'ses/
- Transitive Verb
- To organize and use data in a computer
- To deal with official forms in the way required
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Dealing with official forms in the way required
- Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
A2TOEICMoreroast
US /roʊst/
UK /rəʊst/
- Transitive Verb
- To strongly criticize often in a teasing manner
- To cook food in an oven or over a fire
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A joint of meat cooked in an oven
B1Moreroaster
US /'roʊstə/
UK /'rəʊstə/
- Countable Noun
- Harsh or humorous critic
B2Moresession
US /ˈsɛʃən/
UK /ˈseʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Period of time used for a specific activity
- Series of meetings for e.g. a court, legislature
A2TOEICMoresource
US /sɔrs, sors/
UK /sɔ:s/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Piece of information; a person giving information
- Place from which something necessary comes
- Adjective
- Produces or provides what is wanted or needed
A2TOEICMoresqueeze
US /skwiz/
UK /skwi:z/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Amount of liquid from firmly pressing e.g. orange
- Act of putting pressure on, as to get liquid out
- Transitive Verb
- To force or threaten someone to give you something
- To strongly compress something to get liquid out
C1Morestartup
US /'stɑ:t'ʌp/
UK /'stɑ:tʌp/
- Countable Noun
- A company just starting its operations
- Uncountable Noun
- Act of setting in operation
C2Moretap
US /tæp/
UK /tæp/
- Transitive Verb
- To access a liquid (e.g. in a tree) through a hole
- To spy one someone electronically
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Faucet; the place you can get water from a pipe
- Light hit, generally one that makes a sound
A2Moretap into
US /tæp ˈɪntu/
UK /tæp ˈɪntuː/
- Phrasal Verb
- To manage to use something in a way that brings you benefits
- To understand and express something that people are feeling
B1Moretarget
US /ˈtɑrɡɪt/
UK /'tɑ:ɡɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A goal or amount you are trying to achieve
- Group you are trying to sell to or influence
- Transitive Verb
- To try to influence; direct a message toward
- (Army) to aim an attack at something
A2TOEICMoretemper
US /ˈtɛmpɚ/
UK /ˈtempə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An angry mood or fit; temperament
- Lack of calmness
- Transitive Verb
- To dilute something or make it less severe
- To heat metal to make it hard or flexible
B1TOEICMorethe moment of truth
US /ðə ˈmoʊmənt əv truθ/
UK /ðə ˈməumənt əv tru:θ/
- other
- The crucial time when the real outcome is decided.
B2Moretissue
US /ˈtɪʃu/
UK /ˈtɪʃu:/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Substance formed by cells of living thing; flesh
- Kind of thin, light paper used to pack objects
A2Moreto taste
US /tu teɪst/
UK /tu teɪst/
- other
- Add an ingredient according to your preference.
A2Moretrick
US /trɪk/
UK /trɪk/
- Transitive Verb
- To fool someone in order to obtain a result
- To playfully tease or fool to make someone laugh
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of trying to fool someone
- Quick or skillful way of doing something
A2More
Vocabulary
- made with: Containing a particular ingredient or material.
- ever since: Continuously from a past time until now.
- have to: Must do
- instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
- next door: Living in the house next to the one mentioned
- in different ways: Using various methods or approaches; with variety.
- to taste: Add an ingredient according to your preference.
- as for: Concerning; regarding.
- for myself: Done for one's own benefit or use.
- come on in: An invitation to enter a place.
- as well as: Also; in addition to
- moment of truth: A critical point, especially in a difficult situation, when one's fate or success is determined.
- the moment of truth: The crucial time when the real outcome is decided.
- of course: Sure ; Certainly
- tap into: To manage to use something in a way that brings you benefits
- sort: To organize things by putting them into groups
- phrase: Common expression or saying
- process: To organize and use data in a computer
- grab: To take and hold something quickly
- basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- trick: To fool someone in order to obtain a result
- capacity: Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
- squeeze: Amount of liquid from firmly pressing e.g. orange
- consumption: The act of buying and using products
- industry: Hard work; being busy working
- conventional: Following the common attitudes and practices
- innovation: Process of creating new ideas or inventions
- mature: Behaving like an adult
- session: Period of time used for a specific activity
- launch: Starting a new project; introducing new product
- pour: To fill a person's glass or cup with a drink
- labor: To struggle to do something because it's difficult
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- tap: To access a liquid (e.g. in a tree) through a hole
- break: To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
- tissue: Substance formed by cells of living thing; flesh
- ferment: To go through a chemical change to make alcohol
- source: Piece of information; a person giving information
- target: A goal or amount you are trying to achieve
- approval: Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
- roast: To strongly criticize often in a teasing manner
- combine: To mix several things together to form one thing
- company: Good feeling from being with someone else
- fermentation: Chemical change that produces alcohol in a liquid
- batch: Amount of something that is produced at one time
- harvest: Gathering crops from the fields; the crops
- dwindle: To make or become less or smaller gradually
- liquor: Strong alcoholic beverage
- entice: To attract someone by appealing to hope or desire
- melt: To disappear or to go away
- temper: An angry mood or fit; temperament
- founder: Person establishing an organization, school etc.
- deforestation: Process of removing the trees from an area
- turn: To become (a particular age)
- find: To become aware of something that is happening
- difference: A thing or issue that people do not agree about
- grow: To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
- minimum: Smallest degree or level that is acceptable
- make: To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
- comply: To obey; follow a rule, another's wishes etc.
- restaurant: Place where you can order, buy and eat a meal
- feel: To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
- powder: Dry material made up of small powder-like pieces
- found: To become aware of something that is happening
- startup: A company just starting its operations
- meet: To provide something that is necessary
- marketing: To publicize products to get you to buy; advertise
- precursor: Something that comes before another; forerunner
- lab: Short for 'laboratory'
- domesticate: To train an animal as a pet or to do work; tame
- neighbor: Person who lives, or is near, you
- harvesting: To gather ripe crops in from the fields
- cocoa: Brown powder from a large bean, used for chocolate
- roaster: Harsh or humorous critic
- chocolatey: Having the flavor or taste of chocolate
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
The price of cocoa is soaring — could lab-grown chocolate be the answer?
0
林宜悉 posted on 2025/09/01Ever wondered how your favorite chocolate is made, and what the future holds for it? This video dives into the fascinating world of cell-based chocolate, exploring how a food tech startup is tackling sustainability challenges and even features a taste test! You'll pick up some advanced vocabulary related to food innovation and learn about the cultural depth behind cocoa production.
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