Vocabulary

  • come from: To have as your native country or city
  • on average: Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
  • set up
  • such as: For example; like
  • assembly plants: Factories where products are assembled from component parts.
  • make up: To invent or create a story
  • break out
  • think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
  • go on: To continue doing something
  • automotive industry: The sector of industry involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and sales of motor vehicles.
  • spread out: To extend or stretch over a large area.
  • rely on: To depend on someone or something
  • in other words: Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
  • on the part of: By or done by (someone); concerning someone.
  • go back to: To return to a starting point
  • figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
  • drill down: To examine something in detail; to analyze deeply.
  • six times: Multiplied by six; a factor of six.
  • in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • as well as: Also; in addition to
  • in part: To some extent; partially.
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • in time: Eventually; after a period of time.
  • cut down: To reduce your use of something
  • by nature: Inherently; by one's character or disposition.
  • pull for: To support or hope strongly for someone's success.
  • build up: To increase the amount; collect something
  • do in: To make completely tired out and exhausted
  • lead to: To result in some action
  • stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • massive: Very big; large; too big
  • significant: Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
  • process: To organize and use data in a computer
  • extremely: In a way that is much more than usual or expected
  • average: Total of numbers divided by the number of items
  • tend: To move or act in a certain manner
  • force: Group of persons trained for military action; army
  • capacity: Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
  • complex: Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
  • demand: Desire customers have to buy product, service
  • spread: A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
  • hurdle: Small fence a person or horse jumps over in a race
  • domestic: Someone paid to help with housework in your house
  • industry: Hard work; being busy working
  • affect: To cause a change in something else
  • mean: Average of a set of numbers
  • rare: (Of meat) cooked, but still red and juicy
  • require: To demand that someone does something
  • advance: Forward movement by an army
  • labor: To struggle to do something because it's difficult
  • institute: Organization studying science, engineering etc.
  • provide: To make available; to supply for use
  • competitive: Being strongly driven to win or be better than
  • vehicle: Machine (such as a car) used to carry things
  • raw: Being uncontrolled or strong, as your emotions
  • source: Piece of information; a person giving information
  • company: Good feeling from being with someone else
  • assemble: To put parts together to make a complete unit
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • simple: Not hard to understand or do; not complex
  • act: To behave in a certain way
  • information: Collection of facts and details about something
  • government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
  • own: To have something as your property
  • rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
  • rubber: Material used to make tires, etc.
  • drive: A person's ambition and motivation to do something
  • aluminum: Very light silvery-white metal used to make cans
  • assembly: Process of putting the parts of something together
  • set: Prepared for something; ready
  • loathe: To dislike someone or something greatly; detest
  • petroleum: Oil found in the ground used to make fuel
  • transmission: Part of car including gears affecting speed of car
  • automate: To make automatic by using machines
  • battery: Portable device that stores electricity
  • tier: One of the rising rows of seats, e.g. in a stadium
  • semiconductor: Silicon chip used in computers
  • sew: To make something using a needle and thread
  • dependence: Relying on someone for (e.g. financial) support
  • auto: Car; a road vehicle with four or more wheels
  • chassis: Supporting frame of a structure, esp. a car
  • automotive: Concerning cars
  • wiper: A mechanical device that cleans the windshield
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    • advance

      US /ædˈvæns/

      UK /əd'vɑ:ns/

      • Noun
      • Forward movement by an army
      • An attempt to seduce someone
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • (Of an army) to move forward
      • To change or improve
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • affect

      US /əˈfɛkt/

      UK /ə'fekt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a change in something else
      • To pretend to have or feel (something).
      • Noun
      • (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • aluminum

      US /ə'lju:minəm/

      UK /ə'lju:minəm/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Very light silvery-white metal used to make cans
      B2
      More
    • as well as

      US /æz wɛl æz/

      UK /æz wel æz/

      • Adverb
      • Also; in addition to
      • Preposition
      • In addition to; and also.
      A1
      More
    • assemble

      US /əˈsɛmbəl/

      UK /əˈsembl/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To put parts together to make a complete unit
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To gather together in one place
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • assembly

      US /əˈsɛmbli/

      UK /ə'semblɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Process of putting the parts of something together
      • Group of people gathered for a purpose
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • assembly plants

      US

      UK

      • Noun (plural)
      • Factories where products are assembled from component parts.
      A1
      More
    • auto

      US /ˈɔ:toʊ/

      UK /ˈɔ:təʊ/

      • Noun
      • Car; a road vehicle with four or more wheels
      B2
      More
    • automate

      US /ˈɔtəˌmet/

      UK /'ɔ:təmeɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make automatic by using machines
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • automotive

      US /ˌɔtəˈmotɪv/

      UK /ˌɔ:təˈməʊtɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning cars
      C1
      More
    • automotive industry

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • The sector of industry involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and sales of motor vehicles.
      B1
      More
    • average

      US /ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ/

      UK /'ævərɪdʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Total of numbers divided by the number of items
      • Transitive Verb
      • To add numbers then divide by the number of items
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • battery

      US /ˈbætəri/

      UK /ˈbætri/

      • Countable Noun
      • Portable device that stores electricity
      • Noun
      • Large group of similar things functioning together
      B1
      More
    • break out

      US /brek aʊt/

      UK /breik aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To isolate some information from other data
      A1
      More
    • build up

      US /bɪld ʌp/

      UK /bild ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To increase the amount; collect something
      • To develop or increase something in stages
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To increase or develop something gradually.
      • To praise or encourage someone.
      A1
      More
    • by nature

      US /baɪ ˈnetʃɚ/

      UK /bai ˈneitʃə/

      • Adverb
      • Inherently; by one's character or disposition.
      • Phrase
      • Inherently; by one's natural disposition or character.
      • According to its essential characteristics; intrinsically.
      A2
      More
    • capacity

      US /kəˈpæsɪti/

      UK /kə'pæsətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Ability to hold, involve or contain (e.g. liquids)
      • Largest amount of something that can be produced
      B1
      More
    • chassis

      US /ˈʃæsi, ˈtʃæsi/

      UK /ˈʃæsi/

      • Noun
      • Supporting frame of a structure, esp. a car
      C1
      More
    • come from

      US /kʌm frʌm/

      UK /kʌm frɔm/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have as your native country or city
      A1
      More
    • competitive

      US /kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/

      UK /kəmˈpetətɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Being strongly driven to win or be better than
      • As good as or better than others.
      B1
      More
    • complex

      US /kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks/

      UK /'kɒmpleks/

      • Countable Noun
      • Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
      • Adjective
      • Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
      A2
      More
    • cut down

      US /kʌt daʊn/

      UK /kʌt daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reduce your use of something
      • To fell a tree.
      A1
      More
    • demand

      US /dɪˈmænd/

      UK /dɪ'mɑ:nd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Desire customers have to buy product, service
      • A strong request for someone to do something
      • Transitive Verb
      • To strongly request someone to do something
      • To need something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • dependence

      US /dɪˈpɛndəns/

      UK /dɪˈpendəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Relying on someone for (e.g. financial) support
      • The state of being addicted to a substance or activity.
      B1
      More
    • do in

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make completely tired out and exhausted
      • To destroy or cause damage to someone
      A1
      More
    • domestic

      US /dəˈmɛstɪk/

      UK /dəˈmestɪk/

      • Noun
      • Someone paid to help with housework in your house
      • Adjective
      • British informal fight between husband and wife
      • Concerning your own home or house
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • drill down

      US /drɪl daʊn/

      UK /dril daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To examine something in detail; to analyze deeply.
      A1
      More
    • extremely

      US /ɪk'strimlɪ/

      UK /ɪkˈstri:mli/

      • Adverb
      • In a way that is much more than usual or expected
      • Remarkably; unusually.
      B1
      More
    • figure out

      US /ˈfɪɡjɚ aʊt/

      UK /ˈfiɡə aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To understand the behavior of someone
      • To think through logically to find a solution
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To understand or find an answer to something.
      • To find a solution to a problem or understand something.
      A1
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • go back to

      US /ɡo bæk tu/

      UK /ɡəu bæk tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To return to a starting point
      A1
      More
    • go on

      US /ɡo ɑn/

      UK /ɡəu ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To continue doing something
      • To happen (usually negative)
      • Interjection
      • Used to encourage someone
      A1
      More
    • hurdle

      US /ˈhɚdl/

      UK /'hɜ:dl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Small fence a person or horse jumps over in a race
      • Problem that makes it hard to achieve something
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To run and jump over something
      • To overcome a problem to achieve something
      B2
      More
    • in other words

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
      More
    • in part

      US /ɪn pɑrt/

      UK /in pɑ:t/

      • Adverb
      • To some extent; partially.
      A1
      More
    • in the world

      US /ɪn ði wɜrld/

      UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
      • Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
      A1
      More
    • in time

      US /ɪn taɪm/

      UK /in taim/

      • Adverb
      • Eventually; after a period of time.
      • Not late; with enough time to spare.
      • Phrase
      • Eventually; before it is too late.
      • According to the scheduled time; punctual.
      A1
      More
    • instead of

      US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsted ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • When one thing is replaced by another
      • Adverb
      • As a substitute or alternative.
      A1
      More
    • institute

      US / ˈɪnstɪˌtut, -ˌtjut/

      UK /'ɪnstɪtju:t/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Organization studying science, engineering etc.
      • A short intensive course of instruction, often focusing on a specific topic.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To start or commence doing, e.g. a business plan
      • To establish or start (a system, rule, or course of action).
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • lead to

      US /lid tu/

      UK /li:d tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To result in some action
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To have something as a consequence or result.
      A1
      More
    • loathe

      US /loð/

      UK /ləʊð/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To dislike someone or something greatly; detest
      B2
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • make up

      US /mek ʌp/

      UK /meik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To invent or create a story
      • To add up to
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To invent a story, excuse, etc.
      • To compensate for something lost, missed, or deficient.
      A1
      More
    • massive

      US /ˈmæsɪv/

      UK /ˈmæsɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Very big; large; too big
      • Large or imposing in scale or scope.
      B1
      More
    • on average

      US /ɑn ˈævərɪdʒ/

      UK /ɔn ˈævəridʒ/

      • Phrase
      • Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
      B1
      More
    • on the part of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • By or done by (someone); concerning someone.
      • As far as (someone or something) is concerned; by (someone or something).
      A1
      More
    • petroleum

      US /pəˈtroliəm/

      UK /pə'trəʊlɪəm/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Oil found in the ground used to make fuel
      B2
      More
    • process

      US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/

      UK /prə'ses/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To organize and use data in a computer
      • To deal with official forms in the way required
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Dealing with official forms in the way required
      • Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • pull for

      US /pʊl fɔr/

      UK /pʊl fɔ:/

      • other
      • To support or hope strongly for someone's success.
      B2
      More
    • rare

      US /rɛr/

      UK /reə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • (Of meat) cooked, but still red and juicy
      • Unusual or out of the ordinary; not common
      A2
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • raw

      US /rɔ/

      UK /rɔ:/

      • Adjective
      • Being uncontrolled or strong, as your emotions
      • Being inexperienced
      B1
      More
    • rely on

      US /rɪˈlaɪ ɑn/

      UK /riˈlai ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To depend on someone or something
      A2
      More
    • require

      US /rɪˈkwaɪr/

      UK /rɪ'kwaɪə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To demand that someone does something
      • To need to do something, to make it necessary
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rubber

      US /ˈrʌbɚ/

      UK /'rʌbə(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Material used to make tires, etc.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • semiconductor

      US /sɛmikənˈdʌktɚ/

      UK /ˌsemikənˈdʌktə(r)/

      • Noun
      • Silicon chip used in computers
      B1
      More
    • set up

      US /sɛt ʌp/

      UK /set ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make arrangements for something; establish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To arrange or prepare something for use.
      • To start a business, organization, etc.
      A1
      More
    • sew

      US /so/

      UK /səʊ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something using a needle and thread
      B1
      More
    • significant

      US /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

      UK /sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt/

      • Adjective
      • Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
      • Having meaning; important; noticeable
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • six times

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • Multiplied by six; a factor of six.
      • On six occasions; six instances.
      More
    • source

      US /sɔrs, sors/

      UK /sɔ:s/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Piece of information; a person giving information
      • Place from which something necessary comes
      • Adjective
      • Produces or provides what is wanted or needed
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • spread

      US /sprɛd/

      UK /spred/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
      • The distance between two things
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To place over a large area; to cover a large area
      • (Of ideas, gossip) to pass to and affect others
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • spread out

      US /sprɛd aʊt/

      UK /spred aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To extend or stretch over a large area.
      • To arrange things so that they cover a large area.
      B2
      More
    • stuff

      US /stʌf/

      UK /stʌf/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Generic description for things, materials, objects
      • Transitive Verb
      • To push material inside something, with force
      B1
      More
    • such as

      US /sʌtʃ æz/

      UK /sʌtʃ æz/

      • Preposition
      • For example; like
      A1
      More
    • tend

      US /tɛnd/

      UK /tend/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To move or act in a certain manner
      • Transitive Verb
      • To take care of
      A2
      More
    • think of

      US /θɪŋk ʌv/

      UK /θiŋk ɔv/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To look on as (being something specific); consider
      • To consider or remember something.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To imagine or call something to mind
      A1
      More
    • tier

      US /tɪr/

      UK /tɪə(r)/

      • Noun
      • One of the rising rows of seats, e.g. in a stadium
      • One in a series of levels in a system
      • Transitive Verb
      • To arrange in tiers.
      B2
      More
    • transmission

      US /trænsˈmɪʃən, trænz-/

      UK /trænsˈmɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Part of car including gears affecting speed of car
      • Electronic signal sent by radio waves; broadcast
      B1
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • vehicle

      US /ˈvi:hɪkl/

      UK /ˈvi:əkl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Machine (such as a car) used to carry things
      • Means of expressing, showing, or achieving
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • wiper

      US /ˈwaɪpɚ/

      UK /ˈwaɪpə(r)/

      • Noun
      • A mechanical device that cleans the windshield
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1US
    #auto#industry#tier#raw#assembly#supply

    Why A 100% American-Made Car Isn’t Possible

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    VoiceTube posted on 2025/06/20
    Ever wondered why a car can't be 100% American-made? This video dives deep into the fascinating automotive supply chain, explaining complex topics like auto tariffs and EV battery sourcing. You'll pick up tons of advanced vocabulary and gain practical insights into global manufacturing!

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