allow for
US
UK
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To take into consideration
A1Morealuminum
US /ə'lju:minəm/
UK /ə'lju:minəm/
- Uncountable Noun
- Very light silvery-white metal used to make cans
B2Moreat the same time
US
UK
- Phrase
- Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
- Nevertheless; however; used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement.
A1Morebasically
US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/
UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/
- Adverb
- Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
A2Morebombardment
US /bɒm'bɑ:dmənt/
UK /bɒm'bɑ:dmənt/
- Noun
- Act of dropping bombs on a place
C1Morebuild up
US /bɪld ʌp/
UK /bild ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To increase the amount; collect something
- To develop or increase something in stages
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To increase or develop something gradually.
- To praise or encourage someone.
A1Morebyproduct
US /ˈbaɪˌprɑdəkt/
UK /'baɪˌprɒdʌkt/
- Noun
- A waste product made from making something else
C1Morecharge
US /tʃɑrdʒ/
UK /tʃɑ:dʒ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To run quickly toward someone to attack them
- To ask for money as a price for a service or goods
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An attack by running quickly toward someone
- A price for a service or goods
A2Morechemistry
US /ˈkɛmɪstri/
UK /'kemɪstrɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- The study of the structure of substances
B1Morechlorine
US /ˈklɔːrˌiːn/
UK /ˈklɔ:ri:n/
- Uncountable Noun
- Greenish-yellow gas with a strong smell
B2Morecombination
US /ˌkɑmbəˈneʃən/
UK /ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn/
- Noun
- Series of letters or numbers needed to open a lock
- Act or result of mixing things together
B1Morecomponent
US /kəmˈponənt/
UK /kəmˈpəʊnənt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One of the parts that something is made up of
- A constituent part; ingredient.
- Adjective
- Being a part of something
A2Morecondition
US /kənˈdɪʃən/
UK /kənˈdɪʃn/
- Transitive Verb
- To improve something to make it better
- To cause to behave automatically in a certain way
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Disease or other medical problem
- The state of living you are in, e.g. good health
A2Moreconfiguration
US /kənˌfɪɡjəˈreʃən/
UK /kənˌfɪgəˈreɪʃn/
- Noun
- A shape or outline; a method of arrangement
B2Morecontaminate
US /kənˈtæməˌnet/
UK /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To make impure by adding a harmful element
B2Morecrunch
US /krʌntʃ/
UK /krʌntʃ/
- Transitive Verb
- To crush something into pieces
- To crush something noisily.
- Intransitive Verb
- To chew noisily with a crackling sound
- To make a crushing sound when walked on.
B2Moredensity
US /ˈdɛnsɪti/
UK /ˈdensəti/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Degree to which an area is filled or covered
- The degree of compactness of a substance.
C1TOEICMoredepend
US /dɪˈpend/
UK /dɪˈpend/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
- To rely on someone or something for support, help, or existence.
B1TOEICMoredepending on
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
- Influenced or determined by.
- Preposition
- Subject to; contingent on
- Relying on someone or something for support or assistance.
A2Moredeposition
US /ˌdɛpəˈzɪʃən/
UK /ˌdepəˈzɪʃn/
- Noun
- Removal of a person from his or her position
- Testimony to be used in court
B2TOEICMoredip
US /dɪp/
UK /dɪp/
- Intransitive Verb
- To decrease or lower temporarily
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Food or sauce eaten with crackers/raw vegetables
- Place on surface (e.g. a road) lower than the rest
B1Moredue to
US /du tu/
UK /dju: tu:/
- Preposition
- Because of; owing to
- Adjective
- Attributable to; caused by.
A1Moreenhance
US /ɛnˈhæns/
UK /ɪn'hɑ:ns/
- Transitive Verb
- To improve; make bigger or better
B1TOEICMoreequilibrium
US /ˌikwəˈlɪbriəm, ˌɛkwə-/
UK /ˌi:kwɪˈlɪbriəm/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A state of balance or harmony
- Calm, quiet, undisturbed emotional state
C2TOEICMoreetch
US /ɛtʃ/
UK /etʃ/
- Transitive Verb
- To cut lines on metal to make a picture
C1Morefacet
US /ˈfæsɪt/
UK /'fæsɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A part of something; aspect
- Flat surface on an object with many flat surfaces
B2Morefor the most part
US
UK
- Phrase
- Generally; mostly; on the whole.
- Mostly; generally; in most cases.
A1Moreformation
US /fɔ:rˈmeɪʃn/
UK /fɔ:ˈmeɪʃn/
- Noun
- Process of creating; making a particular shape
B1Morego on
US /ɡo ɑn/
UK /ɡəu ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To continue doing something
- To happen (usually negative)
- Interjection
- Used to encourage someone
A1Moregoing on
US /ˈɡoɪŋ ɑn/
UK /ˈgəʊɪŋ ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To continue doing something
- To happen (usually negative)
A1Morehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morein terms of
US
UK
- Phrase
- With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
A1Moreion
US /ˈaɪən/
UK /'aɪən/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Atoms with either a positive or negative charge
B2Morelayer
US /ˈleɚ/
UK /ˈleiə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One of several sheets of a material or object
- A covering of something spread over a surface.
- Transitive Verb
- To put things one on top of another
B1TOEICMorelead to
US /lid tu/
UK /li:d tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To result in some action
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To have something as a consequence or result.
A1Morelecture
US /ˈlɛktʃɚ/
UK /'lektʃə(r)/
- Transitive Verb
- To speak to someone to show anger or warn them
- To give a talk or speech about a subject
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Telling someone off for doing something wrong
- Talk or speech about a particular subject
A2TOEICMorelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Morematerial
US /məˈtɪriəl/
UK /məˈtɪəriəl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Cloth; fabric
- Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
- Adjective
- Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
- Belonging to the world of physical things
A2Moremechanism
US /ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm/
UK /'mekənɪzəm/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Part of a machine that performs a certain function
- System or process for achieving a certain result
B1Moremicro
US /ˈmaɪkro/
UK /'maɪkrəʊ/
- Noun
- A prefix meaning 'very small'
B2Moreneutral
US /ˈnu:trəl/
UK /ˈnju:trəl/
- Adjective
- Something with pH value of 7
- Having no positive or negative electrical charge
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Color that is dull and not bright, such as gray
- The rest position for gears in a car or vehicle
B1Moreoptimal
US /ˈɑptəməl/
UK /ˈɒptɪməl/
- Adjective
- Best or most desirable; best possible
- Most conducive to a favorable outcome.
B2Moreoxide
US /ˈɑ:ksaɪd/
UK /ˈɒksaɪd/
- Noun
- Compound from combining oxygen with a chemical
B2Moreoxygen
US /ˈɑksɪdʒən/
UK /'ɒksɪdʒən/
- Uncountable Noun
- A gas in the air that we need to breathe
- Oxygen administered as a medical treatment.
B1Morepattern
US /ˈpætən/
UK /'pætn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Model to follow in making or doing something
- Colors or shapes which are repeated on objects
- Transitive Verb
- To copy the way something else is made
- To decorate with a pattern.
A2TOEICMorephysical
US /ˈfɪzɪkəl/
UK /ˈfɪzɪkl/
- Countable Noun
- Health check at the doctors' or hospital
- Adjective
- Concerning the body of a person
- Concerning things that can be seen or touched
A2Moreplasma
US /ˈplæzmə/
UK /ˈplæzmə/
- Uncountable Noun
- Substance in which the blood cells are carried
- Gas-like substance with little electric charge
B2Morepresentation
US /ˌprɛzənˈteʃən, ˌprizən-/
UK /ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of giving a formal talk about something
- Way in which something is displayed or shown
A2Moreprocess
US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/
UK /prə'ses/
- Transitive Verb
- To organize and use data in a computer
- To deal with official forms in the way required
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Dealing with official forms in the way required
- Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
A2TOEICMoreprofile
US /ˈproˌfaɪl/
UK /'prəʊfaɪl/
- Transitive Verb
- To write a short description of a person or group
- To write or create a profile of someone or something.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A short description of a person or group
- Shape of someone's head when viewed from the side
B1Moreradical
US /ˈrædɪkəl,'rædɪkḷ/
UK /ˈrædɪkl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Person who believes in extreme political change
- A group of atoms behaving as a unit in a chemical compound.
- Adjective
- Very new and different from what is traditional
- Concerning something's most basic part or form
B1Moreratio
US /ˈreɪʃioʊ/
UK /ˈreɪʃiəʊ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The relationship in relative size, etc.
- The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other.
C2Morereflection
US /rɪˈflɛkʃən/
UK /rɪˈflekʃn/
- Noun
- Sign or indication of a state or condition
- Image that you see in a mirror, glass, or water
A2TOEICMoresame time
US
UK
- Phrase
- Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
- At the identical time as before; recurring at a fixed hour.
- Noun
- An equal duration or period.
A1Moreset up
US /sɛt ʌp/
UK /set ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To make arrangements for something; establish
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To arrange or prepare something for use.
- To start a business, organization, etc.
A1Moresilicon
US /ˈsɪlɪkən, -ˌkɑn/
UK /ˈsɪlɪkən/
- Uncountable Noun
- Mineral used in making steel and computer parts
B2Morespontaneously
US /spɔnˈtenɪəslɪ/
UK /spɒn'teɪnɪəslɪ/
- Adverb
- In a sudden, unplanned way
B1Morespot
US /spɑt/
UK /spɒt/
- Noun
- A certain place or area
- A difficult time; awkward situation
- Transitive Verb
- To see someone or something by chance
A2TOEICMoresputter
US /ˈspʌtɚ/
UK /ˈspʌtə(r)/
- Intransitive Verb
- (E.g. of an engine) to make an explosive sound
C1Moresurface
US /ˈsɚfəs/
UK /'sɜ:fɪs/
- Transitive Verb
- To give (road) a top layer
- Intransitive Verb
- To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
- To come to the top of something; emerge
A2TOEICMoretalking about
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To discuss a particular topic.
- To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
A1Moretend
US /tɛnd/
UK /tend/
- Intransitive Verb
- To move or act in a certain manner
- Transitive Verb
- To take care of
A2Morethe following
US
UK
- Adjective
- Next in order or sequence.
- Uncountable Noun
- What is about to be said or written.
B1Morethink of
US /θɪŋk ʌv/
UK /θiŋk ɔv/
- Phrasal Verb
- To look on as (being something specific); consider
- To consider or remember something.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To imagine or call something to mind
A1Moreto do with
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To be about something; concern
A1Moretoo heavy
US
UK
- Adjective
- Having excessive weight; difficult to lift or move.
- Excessively burdensome or difficult to manage.
typical
US /ˈtɪpɪkəl/
UK /ˈtɪpɪkl/
- Adjective
- Normal; usual; expected
- Serving as a representative example of a particular type.
A2Moretypically
US /ˈtɪpɪklɪ/
UK /ˈtɪpɪkli/
- Adverb
- In a normal or usual way
B1Morevertical
US /ˈvɜ:rtɪkl/
UK /ˈvɜ:tɪkl/
- Adjective
- (Of a line, etc.) going up and down; not horizontal
- Extending or operating upward from a base.
- Noun
- A vertical line or plane.
- An upright structural member.
B1Morevolatile
US /ˈvɑ:lətl/
UK /ˈvɒlətaɪl/
- Adjective
- Able to easily become a gas at a low temperature
- Unstable and likely to change suddenly/extremely
B2TOEICMorewafer
US /ˈwefɚ/
UK /'weɪfə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Thin light cookie often accompanying ice cream
C1More
Vocabulary
- in terms of
- going on: To continue doing something
- depending on: To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
- to do with: To be about something; concern
- have to: Must do
- the following: Next in order or sequence.
- think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- for the most part: Generally; mostly; on the whole.
- go on: To continue doing something
- build up: To increase the amount; collect something
- set up
- at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
- same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
- talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
- due to: Because of; owing to
- allow for: To take into consideration
- too heavy: Having excessive weight; difficult to lift or move.
- lead to: To result in some action
- process: To organize and use data in a computer
- material: Cloth; fabric
- physical: Health check at the doctors' or hospital
- pattern: Model to follow in making or doing something
- basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- typically: In a normal or usual way
- tend: To move or act in a certain manner
- spot: A certain place or area
- combination: Series of letters or numbers needed to open a lock
- amount: Quantity of something
- neutral: Something with pH value of 7
- presentation: Act of giving a formal talk about something
- component: One of the parts that something is made up of
- mechanism: Part of a machine that performs a certain function
- condition: To improve something to make it better
- spontaneously: In a sudden, unplanned way
- volatile: Able to easily become a gas at a low temperature
- optimal: Best or most desirable; best possible
- behavior: The way a person or thing acts; manner
- surface: To give (road) a top layer
- radical: Person who believes in extreme political change
- form: Sports team or person's current winning record
- typical: Normal; usual; expected
- charge: To run quickly toward someone to attack them
- profile: To write a short description of a person or group
- reflection: Sign or indication of a state or condition
- lecture: To speak to someone to show anger or warn them
- rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
- break: To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
- oxygen: A gas in the air that we need to breathe
- dip: To decrease or lower temporarily
- enhance: To improve; make bigger or better
- layer: One of several sheets of a material or object
- crunch: To crush something into pieces
- ratio: The relationship in relative size, etc.
- lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- depend: Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
- formation: Process of creating; making a particular shape
- control: A device designed to operate a machine
- vertical: (Of a line, etc.) going up and down; not horizontal
- chemistry: The study of the structure of substances
- contaminate: To make impure by adding a harmful element
- drive: A person's ambition and motivation to do something
- aluminum: Very light silvery-white metal used to make cans
- density: Degree to which an area is filled or covered
- equilibrium: A state of balance or harmony
- fast: In a way that is difficult to move or change
- part: Division of a book
- configuration: A shape or outline; a method of arrangement
- area: Amount of measured space
- plasma: Substance in which the blood cells are carried
- byproduct: A waste product made from making something else
- remove: To get rid of something completely
- cover: To record a different version of another song
- case: Container used to carry things, e.g. clothes
- problem: Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
- chlorine: Greenish-yellow gas with a strong smell
- bombardment: Act of dropping bombs on a place
- silicon: Mineral used in making steel and computer parts
- facet: A part of something; aspect
- micro: A prefix meaning 'very small'
- etch: To cut lines on metal to make a picture
- oxide: Compound from combining oxygen with a chemical
- ion: Atoms with either a positive or negative charge
- wafer: Thin light cookie often accompanying ice cream
- deposition: Removal of a person from his or her position
- sputter: (E.g. of an engine) to make an explosive sound
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Stanford Nanofabrication Facility: Dry Etching - Dry Etching Mechanisms (Part 3 of 4)
0
sywu175 posted on 2025/06/07Ever wondered about the magic behind tiny tech? This video dives deep into the fascinating world of dry etching mechanisms, like physical sputtering and plasma etching, used in nanofabrication. You'll pick up some seriously advanced vocabulary perfect for understanding semiconductor engineering!
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