Vocabulary

• consists of: Is made up or composed of.
• such as: For example; like
• in the middle of: In the central part or point of something.
• on the surface: Appearing to be true or real until examined more closely.
• at least: As a minimum
• due to: Because of; owing to
• on a roll: Experiencing a period of success or good luck.
• depending on: To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
• have to: Must do
• used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
• process: To organize and use data in a computer
• material: Cloth; fabric
• stretch: To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
• force: Group of persons trained for military action; army
• strength: Condition of being strong
• pressure: Anxiety caused by difficult problems
• method: (Organized and planned) way of doing something
• desire: To wish for, hope or want something
• grind: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
• remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
• upset: (Of stomach, etc.) not functioning well; sick
• explain: To make clear or easy to understand by describing
• direction: When someone tells people what to do
• surface: To give (road) a top layer
• external: Concerning foreign countries
• perform: To carry out an action well or successfully
• require: To demand that someone does something
• form: Sports team or person's current winning record
• generate: To create or be produced or bring into existence
• involve: To have or be included as a part of something
• pastry: Dough making top/bottom of pie; cake made of dough
• produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
• internal: Being or happening in the body
• plug: Wood, rubber or metal used to block a hole
• stage: To organize an event to gain public interest
• spiral: A continuous curve round a central point
• utilize: To use something for a particular purpose
• array: A regular order or arrangement of things
• reduction: Act of making something smaller
• forge: To create something by hammering hot metal
• thread: Spiral cut at the end of a bolt
• thrust: To move (e.g. a knife) forcefully towards someone
• natural: Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
• undergo: To experience or endure something (bad)
• offset: To compensate for or counterbalance the effect of
• drive: A person's ambition and motivation to do something
• shell: Hard outer cover of an egg, fruit, nut, or seed
• seamless: Flowing; uninterrupted
• axis: A line about which a rotating body turns
• strap: Strip of leather cloth etc. used to attach/support
• inspection: Official examination to make sure everything is ok
• continuously: Without stops, breaks, or an end
• hollow: (Of objects) having nothing inside; not solid
• electromagnetic: Having magnetic and electrical parts
• remove: To get rid of something completely
• machine: Piece of equipment used to do work
• pierce: Person's name
• cylindrical: Having the shape of a cylinder
• furnace: Container with hot fire for melting metal, etc.
• need: To be unable to manage without something; require
• final: Last game in a series in a competition
• ring: A roped area in which people fight or box
• die: Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
• oscillate: To keep moving back and forth many times
• rotary: Turning on an axis like a wheel
• taper: (Of e.g. streets) to become gradually narrower
• compression: Act of reducing something in time, size, quantity
• alloy: A metal formed from two or more different metals
• elongation: Act of lengthening something
• hearth: Area or space in front of the fireplace in a home
• ultrasonic: Having frequencies above those of audible sound