Vocabulary

• such as: For example; like
• lead to: To result in some action
• shift in: A change or alteration in something.
• in particular: Specifically; especially.
• convert to: To change into another form, substance, state, or product.
• break down: To forcibly break, destroy or make collapse
• stretch: To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
• period: Set amount of time during which events take place
• ancient: Very old; having lived a very long time ago
• evolve: To develop certain features
• acquire: To get or earn something by thinking or working
• decline: To bend towards the ground
• conquer: To take possession of (land, city) with an army
• combat: To fight someone or something physically
• advocate: A lawyer who protects a clients interests
• diverse: Being varied or different from each other
• influence: To affect or change something indirectly
• incorporate: To form into a company or business corporation
• ability: The power, resources or skill to do something
• increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
• implement: To start to do something you plan to do
• encourage: To increase the chance of something happening
• military: Army or armed forces
• political: Being active or interested in government matters
• state: Region within a country, with its own government
• adapt: To change something for a different function
• religion: Organized set of beliefs about a god or gods
• notorious: Being famous or publicly known for something bad
• adopt: To legally take a child into your family
• architecture: Design and construction of buildings
• steady: Happening or developing at a regular rate
• primarily: In the most basic or important way
• eternal: Endless; constant; never ending
• lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
• civilization: A highly developed society
• corruption: State of being damaged or spoiled
• fame: (Person, thing) being well-known by many people
• pride: Sense of your own importance and worth
• dominate: To be taller, bigger, or more physically obvious
• era: Period characterized by particular events, people
• lifespan: Length of time something is expected to last
• century: Period of 100 years
• peninsula: Narrow strip of land projecting into a sea or lake
• imperial: Of an empire or an emperor
• survival: Act of continuing to exist when facing difficulty
• system: Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
• alphabet: Letters, symbols, characters of a written language
• mediterranean: Describing the sea between Italy and Africa
• public: Owned by the government
• language: Words or signs used to communicate messages
• longevity: Amount of time someone or something lives or lasts
• rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
• legend: List of explanations of symbols on map, etc.
• land: Region or country
• expansion: Making or becoming larger
• usher: One who leads you to your seat, as in a theater
• include: To make someone, something part of a group
• dictator: Ruler who decides everything, and enforces it
• succession: Act of officially taking over someone's position
• begin: To do the first part of an action; to start
• ethos: Guiding principles of a group
• story: One of many floors or levels in a building
• transformation: A complete change in shape or form of something
• call: A order or request for action
• prowess: Great ability or skill, e.g. in sports
• annex: An extension to a main building
• pantheon: Temple dedicated to all the gods
• gladiator: Professional fighter from Roman times
• superpower: State powerful enough to influence world events
• colosseum: Large round sports stadium with tiered seats
• bc: Before Christ; used after dates/years