Name: How Lava Reacts To Crystals, Water, Ice, And Metal | Science Skills
Uploaded: 2022-05-08T00:15:44.000Z
Duration: 5 min 18 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

At its simplest, lava is molten silicate rock.

Here's how lava reacts to four different factors.

Ice and lava might feel like an odd couple,

And it's important to study this interaction

Ash from the volcano can settle on the ice,

The ice can also melt, which can reduce friction,

and the steam can give the lava this bubbly look.

The more the ice melts, the higher the risk of flooding.

In 2010, Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano

In the same vein, glacial melt and debris

These volcanic mudflows sweep away homes,

infrastructure, and even people without enough preparation.

Like the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia,

Lava has some pretty unique reactions to seawater,

as you can see in this ocean-entry footage

There are also bits of volcanic glass swirling in there.

which gets crushed up by the waves into volcanic glass

Not something you want to be breathing in.

Blobs of pillow lava pile one on top of the other,

When water gets trapped among these hot pillows,

called a molten fuel coolant interaction.

This can sometimes trigger the whole delta to collapse

Even when the flow looks slow and unthreatening,

you don't know what's happening under the surface.

the fewer crystals will form and the smaller they'll be.

more surface area to cling to as it flows around.

This is important to understand the lava's viscosity.

knowledge that helps public-safety engineers

and unique temperatures create different crystals.

At Syracuse University, they used metal bits

of varying size and shapes to represent olivine,

one of the most common minerals in igneous rocks.

It has a high crystallization temperature,

so it can start forming "seeds" in the magma

And the seeds will generally keep growing

like when it's suddenly exposed to water or air,

And no two volcanoes are exactly the same.

Time, temperature, and minerals all matter.

That's especially true when it comes to volcanoes

In 2022, NASA plans to send a spacecraft to Psyche,

that appears to be made of nickel and iron.

Researchers believe that if Psyche has volcanoes,

that spit up metal instead of silica rock,

or spurious ferrovolcanoes, which combine the two.

Ferrovolcanoes are actually still theoretical at this point.

we just don't know what they'd look like.

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How Lava Reacts To Crystals, Water, Ice, And Metal | Science Skills

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