I'm Esther.

In this video, I will introduce the future perfect tense.

This tense is used to express an action in the future

that will happen by a specific time in the future.

This tense can be a little difficult to understand but don't worry I will guide you through it

so keep watching.

The future perfect tense is used to express an action in the future

that will happen by a specific time in the future.

Let's look at some examples.

The first sentence says,

'The snow will have stopped by April.'

We start with the subject.

In this case, 'The snow'.

Then, we follow with 'will have' and the past participle of the verb.

In this case, we used 'stopped' for the verb 'stop'.

At the end of the sentence, you'll notice 'by April'.

'by April' shows the specific time in the future when this action will have happened.

The next sentence says,

'By the time he graduates, he will have completed five years of study.'

In this sentence,

'By the time he graduates' or the specific time in the future.

comes at the beginning of the sentence

so 'by' plus 'a time in the future'

can come at the end or it can come at the beginning.

'By the time he graduates, he will have completed…'

Again, you see 'subject + will + have' and the past participle of the verb.

In this case, 'completed'.

'By the time he graduates, he will have completed five years of study.'

The next sentence says,

'Her arm will have fully healed by the summer.'

In this example, 'by the summer', the future specific time, comes at the end.

By this time in the future, her 'arm', that's the subject, will have 'healed', the past participle.

Here I put 'fully' just to show how much it will have healed.

I'm just adding an extra description.

The last sentence says,

'By next month, …' so here we see 'by' and 'the time' at the beginning of the sentence.

'you', that's the subject.

'will have received', there's the past participle.

'your promotion.'

Again, 'By next month you will have received your promotion.'

Let's move on.

Now, let's talk about the negative form of the future perfect tense.

Here are some examples.

Let's take a look.

The first sentence says,

'I will not have graduated from university by July.'

First, I want to point out that at the end, I have the specific time in the future,

'byJuly'.

Now for the negative form, what I do is say, 'subject' and 'will not have',

then we put the past participle of the verb.

'I will not have graduated from university by July.'

The next sentence says,

'Ollie and Max will not have spoken ...'

There it is again, 'will not have' and then the past participle of speak ...

which is 'spoken'.

'… before the plane leaves.'

Here, instead of the word 'by', we used 'before' to show a specific time in the future.

That's okay as well.

The next sentence says,

'You will not have eaten dinner by 6 p.m.'

Here, again, we've used 'by 6 p.m.' to show a time in the future.

And again, you see 'you will not have' and then the past participle of eat which is 'eaten'.

The last sentence says, 'By noon …', there's the time again,

'I will not have taken off to Japan.'

'taken' is the past participle of 'take'.

Let's move on.

Now, let's move on to how to form questions in the future perfect tense.

The first sentence here says,

'You will have gone to work by 10 a.m.'

To turn this into a question, all we have to do is switch the order of the first two words.

'You will' becomes 'Will you'.

You'll notice that the rest of the question stays the same as the sentence.

'Will you have gone to work by 10 a.m.?'

You can answer by saying, 'Yes, I will have.'

or 'No, I will have not.'

The next sentence says, 'She will have woken up by noon.'

Again, to turn this into a question just switch the first two words.

'She will' becomes 'Will she'.

'Will she have woken up by noon?'

Again, the rest of the sentence stays the same.

'Will she have woken up by noon?'

To reply, you can say, 'Yes, she will have.'

or 'No, she will have not.'

Let's move on.

Now, I'll talk about how to form 'WH' questions in the future perfect tense.

If you notice on the board, each of these questions begins with the 'WH' word.

'Where', 'what', 'who', and 'when'.

Then after each 'WH' word comes the word 'will'.

'Where will' 'What will'

'Who will' and 'When will'

So let's take a look at the first question.

'Where will'…' then you add 'the subject'.

In this case, 'you'.

And then, 'have' and after that the past participle of the verb.

In this case, it's 'traveled'.

'Where will you have traveled by December?'

I can answer by saying, 'I will have traveled to Germany and Denmark.'

There are many possible answers here and this is just an example.

The next question says, 'What will they have done …'

'done' is the past participle of 'do'.

'… by the end of the evening?'

I can answer by saying, 'They will have done their homework.'

The next question says, 'Who will she have interviewed by 5 p.m.?'

Again, 'who will' + the subject 'have' and the past participle of the verb.

I can answer this question by saying,

'She will have interviewed the teachers by 5 p.m.'

And finally, 'When will they have started to learn?'

One way to answer this question is to say,

'They will have started to learn in January.'

Let's move on.

Good job, guys.

Now you have a better understanding of the future perfect tense.

I want you to keep studying and practicing this tense.

I know studying English can be difficult, but I believe in you

and I will guide you through it.

I'll see you in the next video.