Name: 【TEDx】TEDxCaltech - Charlie Marcus - Nanoelectronics and Quantum Computation
Uploaded: 2014-04-27T07:41:22.000Z
Duration: 11 min 55 s
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Basic passive voice

by the power and the ubiquity of computers.

Not only the fantastic graphics that we've seen,

but to even recognize that musicians these days

have a stage filled with computers as part

of their performance was to me very surprising.

I want to reduce the essence of computers

For the purpose of talking about a resource.

A resource that may be useful for increasing the speed of computers.

And one which interestingly is not used today.

It's a resource that lives inside of atoms

and it's one that we hope to develop as time goes on.

This picture is the working part of every computer.

It's the transistor. It's made out of a semiconductor.

Semiconductor is something that's either a conductor or an insulator

depending on whether a voltage is applied to it.

The fact that you can control electricity with electricity

means that you can make a machine that can compute.

As we've heard today these are getting smaller and smaller.

And in fact are approaching the atomic scale.

Only a few hundred or thousand atoms across.

This little device invented in 1947 is now everywhere.

about 10 billion transistors every second.

Most of you probably have 100 million or so

We live in a world filled with these little objects.

But I would like to contrast the way these objects work with

the world of atoms that Don was just talking about

Let's think of these transistors  as little switches.

As I said, they can be turned on and off with electricity.

But for all intents and purposes they're on-off switches.

We can call them 0s and 1s if we like this binary notation.

moving to spins, which we'll do in this talk,

we can think of them as spinning this way,

But in any case they represent some binary structure.

The resource that I'd like to talk about,

and makes the world around us work is Quantum Mechanics.

Quantum Mechanics says that switch can be

Just like the particle that can go through 2 slits

according to the laws of Quantum Mechanics.

What that means is that you can imagine a machine

that's consistent with all the laws of physics

in your pocket was simultaneously on and off.

And not just those two states, but in fact

every one of the exponentially many states

and every one that's on can then turn another one on or off

and it then does or doesn't turn the next on or off, etc.

of the world that we understand of atoms.

of the Helium atom have a particular orientation

with respect to this spin that I talked about.

The angular momentum spinning up or spinning the other way.

And that is that they're in some configuration

of these two spins. Now what Quantum Mechanics

allows and I should mention this quote of

who never quite bought this story of Quantum Mechanics

Let's take the two electrons in the Helium atom

I won't say which one's is Up and which one's Down.

One of them's Up and the other one's the opposite direction

and without disturbing them separate them in space.

the first seat here, do you mind if I toss you one

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【TEDx】TEDxCaltech - Charlie Marcus - Nanoelectronics and Quantum Computation

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