Name: 1,000km Cable to the Stars - The Skyhook
Uploaded: 2020-04-23T19:30:28.000Z
Duration: 8 min 15 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

Right now, it's like going up on a mountain on a unicycle-

Incredibly slow, you can't transport a lot of stuff, and you might die.

A rocket needs to reach a velocity about 40,000km an hour to escape from Earth.

To get to that speed, rockets are mostly containers for fuel with a tiny tip of payload.

This is bad if you want to go to other planets,

because you need a lot of heavy stuff if you want to survive, and maybe even come back.

So, is there a way to get to space with less fuel and more payload?

A nice thing that solved most of our transport problems on Earth is what you call infrastructure.

Whether it's roads for cars, ports for ships, or rails for trains,

We can apply the same solution to space travel.

Space infrastructure will make getting into orbit and out to the Moon, Mars, and beyond easier and cheaper.

Great, but what exactly is space infrastructure?

Unlike an Earth space elevator, which is currently science fiction,

there is a simple yet promising technology that does not require new science,

and that has been tested successfully in orbit already.

The concept is so simple; it's surprising.

hundreds or thousands of kilometers long — into space, and had spacecraft

use them as ladders to climb to higher altitudes and gain speed?

A counterweight holds a long cable in place while it rotates around a circle.

A rotating tether slows down its tip relative to the ground at the bottom

and speeds it up at the top like a catapult.

This means that you can transfer energy from the tether

and get a massive boost when released, more-or-less for free,

equal to twice the tether's rotation velocity.

Specialized fibers already exist that can survive the

extraordinary stresses a Skyhook would be faced with.

To protect against cuts and collisions from debris and meteorites,

we can thread our tether into a web of redundant fibres.

Since our Skyhook would pass over the same spot many times a day,

this would allow small, reusable shuttles to catch up with it.

At its lowest point, the tether's tip is dashing through

Because of Earth's atmosphere, we can't lower the Skyhook

too much or it will get too hot from air friction.

To match this, we'll need specialized spacecraft that can get to the tether.

While this isn't exactly easy, it's still much cheaper than getting a big tin can, filled with rocket fuel, to go 40,000km/h.

Catching the tip will be a challenge too.

There's only a short time window of 60 to 90 seconds

to find a tiny thing in the sky, moving at Mach 12.

To make this easier, the tip could have a sort of fishing line a kilometer long

with a navigation drone that helps the spacecraft connect.

Another challenge is keeping our Skyhook in orbit.

As more and more ships latch onto it and pull themselves up,

they use up the momentum that keeps it in place.

If we don't do anything, it will slow down and crash into the atmosphere.

And here, we can cheat the universe a bit.

The Skyhook is a battery of orbital energy.

It's possible to balance the payloads coming in and being sent off.

Arriving ships bringing humans and materials home to earth add

energy to the tether, which it can give to other ships departing into space.

This way, the tether doesn't lose any energy.

If we're still losing energy with each boost, we can recover it with small electric or chemical engines

that regularly correct the tether's position.

A set of tethers, one around earth and one around Mars, could make trips

between the planets fast, straight-forward and low cost compared to rockets.

The Earth tether would sit in low earth orbit

to grab people and payloads and fling them off to Mars.

The Mars tether catches them and slows them down for a landing on the surface.

In the opposite direction, the tether could pick up a vehicle travelling

through Mars' thin atmosphere at only about 1,000km/h

not much faster than our airliners on Earth, and fling

it back to Earth to be caught and lowered down.

The tethers could shorten trips between both planets,

from nine months down to five or even three,

and reduce the scale of the rockets required by between 84 and 96 percent.

Even better: people may be able to travel in relative luxury

as we could afford to invest in passenger comfort.

Tether travel would be first-class seats to Mars!

Together, tethers around Earth and Mars could provide the

rapid and cost-efficient transportation backbone

a tether could boost ships to the asteroid belt.

would need rockets to slow down at its destination.

Subsequent arrivals might find a tether waiting to

Getting to asteroids cheaply is a major factor

in opening up the resources of the solar system.

Precious metals and valuable minerals could be delivered to Mars

just weeks after they were cut out of their asteroid.

They would be the perfect building blocks for our interplanetary civilization.

No other moons in the solar system orbit that close to their planet.

Phobos is so heavy that we don't need to worry about slowing it down,

making it the perfect attachment point for super-tethers