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  • delighted to be able to show you this pair, but this is, as you can see, called targeting by stable atoms via mechanical switching of bond angle on its the result, really, of 18 months worth maybe even more than that of experiments already filmed some of those experiments.

  • Maybe six or seven months ago, we had to keep the results of those experiences to keep the video really secret.

  • Until now, Onda another got the page proofs in my hand.

  • We can go ahead and show you that that work.

  • So what we see are its individual blob.

  • Here is a single silicon atom.

  • These atoms form little pears called timers, which are a little too Adam Units.

  • We're gonna bring a tip in, and we're gonna move one of those atoms, change the bond angle and flip it.

  • So what we basically have is the smallest possible toggles, which you can have.

  • This is this is all happening in here in an ultrahigh vacuum system.

  • The pressure in there is tree by 10 to the minus 11.

  • Millie Bar 14 Orders of magnitude below atmospheric pressure on dhe roughly onda the temperature of 4.7 k.

  • So it's it's happening actually in in in here the atom that was once here, the atom that was down.

  • What we've done is we've brought the tip and we've pulled out up.

  • So it's it's jumped up underneath the tip and suddenly appears of things.

  • New position.

  • Why is this impressive?

  • It's impressive because we are not only manipulating individual atoms were on measuring the force required to do so.

  • It's impressive.

  • Well, I think it's impressive in that.

  • What?

  • We've basically got its work pushing on the smallest possible switch you can have.

  • So the very first time this experiment work the very first time we actually flipped and Adam happened at O 22 tree in the morning on the 13 to January.

  • So quite some time ago.

  • So we've been doing this experiment, and Adam in particular, has been spending a lot of time in the lab, but nights and mornings.

  • So what you're looking at is the first time it actually worked where this we saw this chance and this change we're expecting so lots and lots of attempts.

  • Nothing happening.

  • Nothing happened.

  • Going all the way back.

  • Something's happening.

  • You're not quite what we wanted to put all the way back lots and lots of experiments, lots of knots a time, trying to do this story.

  • And then suddenly it worked.

  • And so we asked, Flipped andan.

  • Explain this tip that you used to flick the switch to have individual atoms tell me about how big that is.

  • So that tip is a right at the end.

  • We wanted terminated with a single atom, and in fact, we spend a lot of our experiments trying to get the tip to that point.

  • In fact, the majority of our time is not doing the really exciting, interesting stuff like this.

  • The majority of our time joint of Adam's time in particular, is getting the tip into a state where you've got one single atom sticking at the end.

  • But what that tip is is basically a piece of tungsten wire.

  • Buxton Thompson.

  • While that is etched electric, chemically etch down to a fine point on, then it's attached.

  • It's literally glued onto a tuning fork.

  • A tuning fork, actually from a quartz sent opportunity, focus in a quartz watch and every court watching every quarter clock does.

  • There's a tuning fork that busy that Britt's back and forth enough the timing element.

  • So with these experiments, what we do is we glue the tip to a tuning fork on the way we can work at the force.

  • Between the tip on the sample is to look at the frequency of that tuning fork.

  • Basic here to look at the frequency of one of the the legs off the tuning fork and had that changes way.

  • Spend very, very many hours.

  • It goes to the fits and starts.

  • Sometimes it's it's almost never quite 95 but sometimes is almost 95.

  • But then, other times like last night, Adam was in here until us.

  • We actually worked.

  • They worked until nine o'clock.

  • We went out for a male Adam, come back at 11 o'clock and work true until six in the morning.

  • And sometimes we do.

  • We pulled 24 36 hour shifts, so we're looking again at those rows of silicon atoms.

  • Eso Here's one row.

  • Here's another row basically changing the orientation of these diamonds along this role by using the tip to influence each each each diamond.

  • So we are flipping individual atomic switches.

  • Basically, it's takes about 1/2 an hour per scan.

  • So what we have here?

  • Here's our first image of the surface where what we read, what you really want to focus on is this autumn.

  • So that Adam is the open one of these little switches.

  • So we got an autumn here.

  • We gotta know pattern, which we can see.

  • But then over here, we've got a down atom that the Lord atom, which we can't see And then what?

  • We don't have brought the tip in above this atom on.

  • We've pulled it up.

  • And then what happens as it looks like that So now we can see the Opa Tum on the downed.

  • Adam's done that.

  • So we've got a flip.

  • We've got a toggle with toggle this switch between those two states and we're on a single out and single chemical bond basis.

delighted to be able to show you this pair, but this is, as you can see, called targeting by stable atoms via mechanical switching of bond angle on its the result, really, of 18 months worth maybe even more than that of experiments already filmed some of those experiments.

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B1 atom adam fork tuning individual impressive

Atomic Switch (moving individual atoms) - Sixty Symbols

  • 19 1
    林宜悉 posted on 2020/03/30
Video vocabulary

Keywords

stick

US /stɪk/

UK /stɪk/

  • verb
  • To adhere or fasten something to a surface.
  • To endure or persevere through a difficult situation.
  • (Informal) To tolerate or endure someone or something unpleasant.
  • To push a sharp or pointed object into something
  • To join together using glue or paste
  • To continue with something despite difficulties; persist.
  • To pierce or puncture with a pointed object.
  • To extend outwards; protrude.
  • To remain attached or fixed to a surface or object.
  • To remain in one place or position for a long time
  • noun
  • Long thin piece of wood from a tree
individual

US /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl/

UK /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/

  • adjective
  • Made for use by one single person
  • Relating to, or characteristic of, a single person or thing.
  • Single; separate.
  • Having a striking or unusual character; original.
  • Made for or relating to a single person or thing.
  • Having a distinct manner different from others
  • Relating to, or characteristic of, a single person or thing.
  • Single; separate.
  • Having a striking personal quality or style.
  • noun
  • Single person, looked at separately from others
  • A particular person or thing distinguished from others of the same kind.
  • A person, especially one of specified character.
  • A person, especially one of a specified kind.
  • A single thing or item, especially when part of a set or group.
  • A single human being as distinct from a group.
  • A competition for single people.
opportunity

US /ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju-/

UK /ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ/

  • noun
  • Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
  • A favorable or advantageous circumstance or combination of circumstances.
  • A chance to do or achieve something in business.
  • A set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.
  • A favorable time or occasion for doing something.
  • A favorable juncture of circumstances.
  • A situation or condition that provides a job prospect.
  • A possibility of employment or promotion.
  • A situation or occasion affording some advantage.
  • Scope for exercising a talent or skill.
  • A time or situation in which something can be done.
majority

US /məˈdʒɔrɪti, -ˈdʒɑr-/

UK /mə'dʒɒrətɪ/

  • noun
  • Amount that is more than half of a group
  • The age at which a person is legally considered an adult.
  • The age at which a person is legally considered an adult.
  • The number by which votes cast for one candidate exceeds those for another.
  • The greater number; more than half of a total group or amount.
  • The excess of votes for one party or candidate over those for all others combined.
pattern

US /ˈpætən/

UK /'pætn/

  • noun
  • An arrangement or sequence.
  • A consistent and recurring way of behaving.
  • Model to follow in making or doing something
  • Colors or shapes which are repeated on objects
  • A excellent example or model.
  • Regular repeated behavior
  • A model or guide for making something.
  • A regular or repeated way in which something happens or is done.
  • A set of paper shapes used as a guide for cutting cloth when making clothes.
  • verb
  • To copy the way something else is made
  • other
  • To use as a model or guide.
  • To decorate with a pattern.
basically

US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/

UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/

  • adverb
  • Used before you explain something simply, clearly
  • Used as a filler word or discourse marker, often to indicate a summary or simplification.
  • In the most important respects; fundamentally.
  • In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
  • Primarily; for the most part.
  • In a simple and straightforward manner; simply.
flip

US /flɪp/

UK /flɪp/

  • adjective
  • Showing a lack of seriousness; glib or flippant.
  • noun
  • Act of turning your body in the air; somersault
  • An act of flipping something, especially a coin.
  • Movement of something from one position to another
  • verb
  • To turn your body in the air, as in gymnastics
  • To move into a different position quickly
  • To move a button or switch to turn on or off
  • other
  • To move or switch something with a quick motion.
  • To buy something, improve it, and then sell it quickly for a profit.
  • To turn something over quickly.
  • other
  • To perform a turning movement.
force

US /fɔrs, fors/

UK /fɔ:s/

  • other
  • To break open (something) using force.
  • To compel (someone) to do something.
  • To cause (a plant or crop) to develop or mature prematurely in a greenhouse or under artificial conditions.
  • To cause (a plant or flower) to grow or develop at an increased rate.
  • To use physical strength to break open or move (something).
  • other
  • Coercion or compulsion; strength or power exerted to cause motion or change.
  • Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
  • other
  • Coercion or compulsion; strength or power exerted to cause or affect.
  • An influence or effect.
  • Physical strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
  • Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
  • noun
  • Coercion or compulsion, especially with the use or threat of violence.
  • Group of persons trained for military action; army
  • A body of people employed and trained for a particular task or purpose.
  • An influence or effect.
  • A body of people employed and trained for law enforcement.
  • A body of soldiers or police.
  • An influence that can cause a body to accelerate.
  • Pressure; attraction
  • Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
  • The use of physical strength/violence to persuade
  • Strength or power of expression or argument.
  • verb
  • To use physical strength or violence to persuade
experiment

US /ɪkˈspɛrəmənt/

UK /ɪk'sperɪmənt/

  • noun
  • Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
  • A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
  • A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
  • A course of action tentatively adopted without being sure of the eventual outcome.
  • verb
  • To create and perform tests to research something
  • To try something new that you haven't tried before
  • other
  • To subject to experimental treatment.
  • To perform a scientific test or procedure.
  • other
  • To perform a scientific procedure, especially in a laboratory, to determine something.
  • To try out new ideas or methods.
manipulate

US /məˈnɪpjəˌlet/

UK /mə'nɪpjʊleɪt/

  • verb
  • To try to control others to gain an advantage
  • To handle or work in a skillful manner
  • other
  • To control or influence (a person or situation) cleverly, unfairly, or unscrupulously.
  • To falsify or change (data or statistics).
  • To handle or control (a tool or mechanism) in a skillful manner.