making you scream inside?

Before you commit a serious crime, let’s talk about some OTHER solutions, like noise-canceling

headphones.

And specifically, how do they work to drown all those terrible noises?

The first patent for noise cancellation showed up as early as the 1930’s, though, it wasn’t

until 1986 when the technology made its big debut when two pilots took flight in the Voyager

aircraft for a non-stop trip around the world,.

The ultra-lightweight cockpit design wasn’t insulated and sat directly above the engine,

which needless to say, was very loud.

Bose provided a prototype device to dampen the sound.

Soon after, the aviation industry, the military, and eventually consumers began to adopt noise

cancellation technology.

To understand how this tech works, we need a little primer on the physics of sound.

Sound waves, or pressure waves, are essentially just the mechanical vibrations of particles

moving through a medium—like air—which can consist of varying densities.

As the particles react to these waves, they compress air together, and then expand back

out again, producing a series of peaks and troughs.

Depending on the density of the medium that they’re traveling through, the distance

between each point of high and low pressure can vary, which is what we call amplitude.

The amount of time between each period of compression and expansion is what’s known

as frequency, otherwise known as pitch.

Most noise-canceling makes use of two technologies, and the first is pretty low tech.

Known as "passive noise cancellation," it’s about as complicated as putting your

hands over your ears to create a tight seal.

Headphones can be molded into specific shapes and include sound-absorbing materials, like

high-density foam or earbuds, that partially block sound waves.

Something as simple as an earbud that fits snugly into your ear canal is another example

of the tech that’s often marketed as "noise isolating"’

Getting a good seal can be a challenge, however—since everyone’s ears are different and not all

headphones fit equally well., The second technology is active noise canceling.

Microphones built into the headphones detect ambient sounds and convert them into an electrical

signal.

The new sound wave is flipped, and is known as an antiphase,,.

When the two waves combine near the listener’s ear, the opposing sound waves cancel each

other out.

Known as destructive interference,, the result is near silence, allowing you to immerse yourself

in a favorite tune or just hear yourself think!

But this technology is not perfect.

That’s because the microphone and antiphase-producing speakers

aren’t exactly in the same location.

The antiphase isn’t a perfect inversion of the actual sound. So instead of hearing

no airplane engine, you hear muffled airplane engine.

Devices with built-in microphones located close to the ear means headphones only have

microseconds to calculate an antiphase signal and send the ambient sound to your ears.

It works well for low-frequency sounds, but noise-canceling headphones struggle with shorter,

high-frequency sound waves.

So if you’re looking to shut out noise like human voices, dogs barking and babies crying,

you’re going to need that passive noise cancellation too.

However, some active noise-canceling headphones can have a noticeable distinct hiss.

This hiss is called the "noise floor," and it’s actually made by the electronic

circuitry itself.

A lack of uniformity in the copper wire, sensors, and soldering cause electrons to stutter or

bounce, producing noise that’s present in all electronic devices from cell phones to

amplifiers.

Depending on the quality of the headphones, newer models are able to minimize this unwanted

sound, which is often reflected in their price.

In the future, you might not have to put on bulky headphones or shove a device in your

ear to experience the benefits of active noise cancellation.

Its appeared in cars that use accelerometers in combination with microphones to measure

the vibration of sounds coming from uneven pavement, reducing the noise that passengers

hear., For more stationary environments, engineers at the University of Illinois are researching

how to take advantage of the fact that wireless signals travel a million times faster than

sound.

By placing microphones closer to a noise source, like chatty coworkers, a more accurate cancellation

signal can be transmitted to an ear device faster than the speed of sound—all before

the sound even arrives at the listener.

Noise cancellation technology has come a long way since the Voyager flight, and it looks

like we can expect to see some exciting developments in the near future...but if you’re planning

on wearing your noise-canceling headphones, you might want to take them off every once

in a while, or you won’t hear the news.

Fun fact: Speaking of sound, the term misophonia literally means “hatred of sound”.

It’s a condition where negative emotions, thoughts, or physical response is triggered

by specific sounds.

So tell us, what sounds do you find absolutely intolerable?

Let us know down in the comments and don’t forget to subscribe to Seeker.

Thanks for watching!