I'm Dan and joining me today is Catherine.

Hi, Catherine.

Hello Down.

Hello, everyone.

So what's our story today?

We're looking at an international trial.

Okay, let's hear more about this story from the BBC World Service News International Court of Justice in The Hague will shortly begin hearing a case brought by the Gambia accusing Myanmar off genocide.

Hundreds of thousands of for hinge of Muslims fled me in mind 2017 when the Burmese army launched a bloody campaign against them.

Myanmar's de facto leader on song, Suki is in the Netherlands to leave the defense.

So the Gambia, an African nation, is taking the nation of Myanmar to court.

Now the Gambia is accusing me and more of genocide against Roy Ginger Muslims.

Genocide is the murder of large numbers of people from the same group or race or religion in this case, the ro hinge on Muslims.

Now, in 2017 more than 700,000 real ginger Muslims escaped from Myanmar.

They went to Bangladesh.

They were escaping attacks and alleged off atrocities from the Burmese army, the Burmese army being the Myanmar Rommie.

Now Hang Seng on Song Souci, the 1991 noble Peace Prize laureate and now acting leader of Myanmar will go to the United Nations Court.

She will defend me and Mars actions.

Thank you very much for explaining.

Now we've got three words and expressions that our viewers can use to talk about this story.

What do we have for them?

Yes, we have bolsters Ray of Hope.

Moment of reckoning bolsters Ray of hope and moment of reckoning.

Can we have our first headline, please?

Yes, We will go to The Washington Post first.

Su Chi's defense of genocide charges may shock the West, but it bolsters his status at home.

Bolsters makes something stronger.

Now, isn't this something to do with pillows?

Yes, it is.

If you are.

If you have a couch sofa on, do you have a very large kind of quite firm pillow, which is cylindrical in shape, like a soft.

Okay.

So sort of sausage pillow.

Quite sort of firm.

Yeah.

You put it at the end of your couch.

and sofa.

So when you're lying on it, you don't fall off.

Oh, yeah.

Okay.

You sit quite firmly on this cushion.

So a bolster B o L s t e r or bolster is an alternative.

Pronounced that sensation oldster, oldster.

Oh, lost a ball step.

That's right.

Whichever way you say it, it will make you a lot firmer and more comfortable.

It will support you.

Yes, when you're sitting on your sofa or up in bed.

In fact, if you have, if you like the kind of person who likes to have two or three pillows, you can have a bolster underneath kind you can't.

So basically it supports you and makes you stronger, right?

Exactly that.

Okay, so is this.

This is obviously this isn't a pillow, but this is the same idea in a verb.

It's the same idea.

If you can bolster something, you will make it stronger someday.

A symbol is that you will make something stronger.

So I might go to the gym to bolster my strength, for example?

Yes, exactly.

That were for interrupting.

No.

So just looking at the headline again, it's saying that Long Song Souci is going to appear in court to defend these charges of genocide.

Some people will be shocked, but at home in Myanmar this will bolster her status.

It will make her position stronger and apart from bolstering status, what other things could be bolster?

You can boast of someone's confidence.

You can both the morale you can both.

So someone's image quite similar to status.

Okay, where you're viewed, you can boast or an army by sending Maur troops or equipment or yeah, okay, Yeah, of course, we could bolster it.

Industry by adding money.

Yes, by investing in it most of the Do we have any opposites?

Any anti names?

If we don't bolster something for strength, how can we make it weak?

Well, if you do something that takes its strength away from something that makes it weaker, we have a really good word.

It's called undermine.

If you you can undermine someone's confidence, you can undermine their morale, undermined their image, you can undermine an army.

Okay, so it's very direct, synonym antonym.

Thank you very much for that bolstered explanation of that vocabulary.

Let's have our second piece then, please.

Okay, so next we are going to Arab news Hague Hearing offers Ray of Hope to Bangladesh Is rowing Gia Ray of Hope Small signal that things will improve now?

I'm familiar with hope, but what's a Ray Ray are a why this is a three wood expression ray off O F.

On the third would hope 80 p e array off hope.

Let's look at rape array If you're in a dark room done and there's, um, it's daylight outside on there's a little hole somewhere that the light can seize may come into the room from okay, like like a like a stick or like a straight piece of light.

Yes, the site B may stick of light.

I call that piece of light array.

Okay, you can talk about the sun's rays being strong or weak.

So a ray is a piece of life.

Yes.

Um, of course, light has long been associated with hope.

Eggs in a dark room, you have no hope.

You know, things are quite bad, but then you can see a piece of light and you think the whole thing's going to get better.

Exactly That.

So you use the ray is really perfect word to go with the idea of hope.

Ray of Hope is a kind of at a piece of hope that you can see um, on a ray of hope Here is saying that the row hinder.

People are hopeful about this hearing that's happening in the Hague.

Okay, so they have a reason.

Or anybody who has a ray of hope has a reason to feel hopeful.

Yes, about a particular situation?

Yes.

Okay.

A bit like by my a levels.

Oh, yes, 11.

Well, when I took my exams, I didn't do very well.

And I thought I hadn't made it into university.

But then the university offered me a ray of hope and called me up and said, We know you didn't get the grades, but we'd still like you to come and study with us.

They took you anyway.

I think that's wise.

Just so you know what you said off for?

The university offered you a ray of hope.

Yes, for by would use great verb.

We can also use verbs like b see, give have in bringing okay, either with or without a subject that you can be a rape it ray of hope.

Or you can give someone a ray of Hope, our lovely.

Do we have any other similar expression?

We've got a lovely expression for a very, very, very, very tiny ray of hope, and we would call that a glimmer of hope.

That means hope that sold small it's still there, but it's really, really small.

A glimmer of hope g l I double M E.

Well, thank you very much for explaining that.

So let's move on to our third and final headline.

But before we do, if you are interested in the latest vocabulary from international stories, then we have a great story for you.

Isn't that right, Catherine?

We do.

We have talking of the United Nations.

If you want to find out more about Greta Ton Berg's time addressing the United Nations, just click the link in the description and you'll go straight to the story.

Thank you very much.

Okay, let's have a look at our third and final headline, then, please.

Yes, Indian Express, moment off, reckoning, moment of reckoning time when past mistakes or crimes must be dealt with.

And I think this is the first time I've ever seen an entire piece of vocabulary on the headline.

Exactly the same on the page.

Yes, it's a three word headline.

Moment of reckoning, and that sums up this story for the readers of the Indian Express.

I'm familiar with moment.

Exactly.

That's a piece of time.

But this reckoning thing, it you have to explain that one.

We will explain it So three words.

Moment.

M o M E N t Second word off o f reckoning r E c k o N i N g.

Let's look at the verb to reckon when you reckon something you calculate it.

We can talk about if you're If you got a lot of numbers to add up, you can reckon the total Um We can also talk about record meaning, consider lots of different things and given opinion.

So, like I think, Yeah, I believe, I reckon.

Yeah, it means I think we'll believe something.

So thinking about that idea of calculating, measuring, considering everything a reckoning is an old fashioned way, slightly old fashioned way of saying making a judgment okay based on evidence.

And it often means in that judgment it's the idea off some kind of justice, an explanation exposing the truth, laying all the facts for everybody to see.

And of course, possibly punishment as well.

Punishment depending.

On what?

Yes.

Punishment?

Yeah, depending on.

Obviously which side of the line you're on.

And yeah, whether it's needed or not.

That's that day.

When everything comes out in the open on punishment, if necessary, is given on.

Do we always say a moment of reckoning?

No.

We can say a day of reckoning.

A time of reckoning.

There's usually a time.

Expression Time, Dane.

Moment.

Okay.

Can we have a recap of the vocabulary?

Priest Cathy?

Yes.

We had bolsters makes something stronger.

Ray of hope.

A small signal that things will improve.

Moment of reckoning.

Time when past mistakes or crimes must be dealt with.

Thank you very much for explain Una and for joining me.

And thank everybody else as well for joining both of us.

We will see you next time.

Don't forget we're on the website and social media.

Catch you later.

Bye bye.

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