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urge

US /ɚdʒ/

・

UK /ɜ:dʒ/

noun
A strong desire for something
Strong pressure on someone to do something

verb
To drive something forward
To ask or encourage someone to do something

other
To strongly encourage or persuade someone to do something.

A2

force

US /fɔrs, fors/

・

UK /fɔ:s/

noun
Group of persons trained for military action; army
Pressure; attraction
The use of physical strength/violence to persuade
A body of people employed and trained for a particular task or purpose.
An influence or effect.
A body of soldiers or police.
Strength or power of expression or argument.
A body of people employed and trained for law enforcement.
An influence that can cause a body to accelerate.
Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
Coercion or compulsion, especially with the use or threat of violence.

verb
To use physical strength or violence to persuade

other
Physical strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
Coercion or compulsion; strength or power exerted to cause or affect.
An influence or effect.
Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.

other
To compel (someone) to do something.
To break open (something) using force.
To cause (a plant or crop) to develop or mature prematurely in a greenhouse or under artificial conditions.
To use physical strength to break open or move (something).
To cause (a plant or flower) to grow or develop at an increased rate.

other
Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
Coercion or compulsion; strength or power exerted to cause motion or change.

A1

disease

US /dɪˈziz/

・

UK /dɪˈzi:z/

noun
Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant

other
An illness or sickness affecting humans, animals, or plants, often with specific signs or symptoms.
A particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of part or all of an organism.
A disorder of structure or function in a plant, especially one caused by a pathogen.

other
To affect with disease; to corrupt or sicken.
To affect with disease; to cause disease in.

other
An illness or sickness affecting humans, animals, or plants, often with specific symptoms and signs.

other
A condition or problem that is harmful or damaging to a society or organization.

spread

US /sprɛd/

・

UK /spred/

noun
A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
The distance between two things
Soft food thinly applied, e.g. on bread
When a disease is passed to more people
Range or wide variety of something

verb
To place over a large area; to cover a large area
To apply something thinly, usually onto food
To give or be given to other people, as a disease
(Of ideas, gossip) to pass to and affect others
To move something apart, or to put space between
To become known by a greater number of people

territory

US /ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri, -ˌtori/

・

UK /'terətrɪ/

noun
Area of land defended by an animal
Area of particular knowledge or experience
Area owned or controlled by a government, person
Area of land with a specific defining feature
An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.
An area of experience or knowledge.
An area defended by an animal or group of animals against others of the same species.
An area of activity or interest.
A district assigned to a salesperson.
An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.
An area in which someone has control or influence.
An area defended by an animal against others of the same species.
An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.
An area for which someone is responsible, especially in a job.
An area of activity or interest.
An area which an animal or person tries to defend.
A district assigned to a salesperson.

B1 TOEIC

encourage

US /ɛnˈkɚrɪdʒ, -ˈkʌr-/

・

UK /ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ/

verb
To increase the chance of something happening
To make someone more determined or confident
To give someone support, confidence, or hope.

other
To give someone support, confidence, or hope.
To help something to happen or develop.
Give support, confidence, or hope to (someone)

task

US /tæsk/

・

UK /tɑ:sk/

noun
Big or small piece of work someone has to do

verb
To be given something to do, e.g. wash dishes

toll

US /tol/

・

UK /təʊl/

noun
Sound that a big bell makes, when it is rung
Number of people hurt or killed in a disaster
Sum of money to be paid to use a bridge or road
The number of deaths or casualties resulting from an event.

verb
(Bell) to ring in a slow, loud and repeated way

other
To charge a fee for using a road, bridge, or tunnel.

other
To sound a bell with a slow, regular rhythm, often to announce a death or funeral.

B2 TOEIC

state

US /stet/

・

UK /steɪt/

noun
Region within a country, with its own government
Situation or condition something is in

adjective
Concerning region within a country

verb
To say; declare as fact

reach

US /ritʃ/

・

UK /ri:tʃ/

verb
To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
To be long enough to get to a certain place
To extend a hand or arm to touch or take something

noun
Power or control someone has over something

congress

US /ˈkɑŋɡrɪs/

・

UK /'kɒŋɡres/

noun
Meeting of elected or appointed representatives
American governing body of elected representatives

B1

optimistic

US /ˌɑːptɪˈmɪstɪk/

・

UK /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/

adjective
Tending to believe the future will be good
Having or showing a tendency to be hopeful and confident about the future.
Having or showing a hopeful feeling about the future.
Inclined to take a favorable view of events or conditions and to expect the most favorable outcome.
Confident and hopeful about future outcomes.

B2

record

US /ˈrekərd/

・

UK /'rekɔ:d/

noun
Highest or most extreme level achieved
Round plastic disc on which music has been stored
History of a person's past actions or achievements
The best performance ever achieved in a particular sport or activity.
A thin disc of vinyl on which sound has been recorded.
A collection of facts about a particular person or thing.
A collection of related data elements
A vinyl disk storing recorded sound
Official documents or information
A written account of past events

verb
To indicate a temperature, speed, etc.; register
To write down or say what happened
To put music, sounds onto a device to store it

other
To set down in writing or some other permanent form for later reference
To convert sound or images into permanent form

break

US /brek/

・

UK /breɪk/

verb
To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
To form a crack in something
To burst or become damaged
To end a relationship
To escape from a place such as a jail
To train a wild animal e.g. a horse
To separate into pieces by force, or by dropping
To act against a law, rule, or promise
To become known suddenly, as in the news
To not do what you promised e.g. not keep promises
To solve a crime, or answer a problem
To stop functioning properly
To suddenly start, open or commence
To change in pitch suddenly, as in a voice
To fall on the shore, as in waves
To begin or change suddenly; the dawn or weather
To defeat by causing the person to lose their will

noun
Time you stop an activity before continuing
End of a relationship
An escape from a place such as a jail
(Lucky) advantage or benefit from something
Find a solution or answer to a problem or crime
Change in the weather
A pause in activity; a rest.
A lucky opportunity.

other
To separate into pieces; to fracture or shatter.
To fail to observe the terms of (a law, promise, or agreement).
To reveal or disclose (news or information).
To put an end to.

other
To separate into pieces; to fracture or shatter.
To interrupt an activity for a rest.
To become known; to be revealed.
To escape.
To stop functioning.
To enter a building illegally, typically by force.
To start suddenly.

coronavirus

US /kɒrənə'vaɪrəs/

・

UK /kɒrənə'vaɪrəs/

noun
Any of a group of RNA viruses that cause a variety of diseases in humans and other animals.
Any of a family of viruses that can cause diseases including the common cold and COVID-19.
A disease caused by a coronavirus, especially COVID-19.

A1

instruction

US /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/

・

UK /ɪn'strʌkʃn/

noun
A command for someone formally to do something
Act of teaching or explaining to others
Information about how to do or use something
An order or command.
Direction or guidance given by a judge to a jury.

other
The act of teaching or providing knowledge.

cautious

US /ˈkɔʃəs/

・

UK /ˈkɔ:ʃəs/

adjective
Careful about avoiding danger, problems
Careful to avoid potential problems or dangers.

B2

limit

US /ˈlɪmɪt/

・

UK /'lɪmɪt/

noun
Point beyond which it is not possible to go
A point or level beyond which something does not or may not extend.
A line or edge marking the boundary of an area.
The greatest amount of something that is allowed or possible.
The value that a function approaches as the input approaches some value.

verb
To stop or prevent an increase past a point

other
To set a restriction on.

place

US /ples/

・

UK /pleɪs/

verb
To put someone in a particular type of situation
To put something in a certain location or position
To put something in a particular position.
To make an order.

noun
Particular location, area or region
A position in a sequence or structure.
A person's situation or circumstances.
A town, city, or other area.
One's proper or appropriate role or duty.
One's home or residence.
A house or home.
A position in a competition or ranking.

other
To put something in a particular position.
To rank in a competition.
To make an order.
To recognize or remember someone or something.

continue

US /kənˈtɪnju/

・

UK /kən'tɪnju:/

verb
To do something without stopping, or after pausing
To start doing again after a break, pause, or stop

other
To resume an activity after an interruption.
To extend or prolong in a specific direction or manner.
To persist or remain in a particular state or condition.

other
To carry on or proceed with something.
To extend in a certain direction or over a certain distance
To keep doing something

A1

spend

US /spɛnd/

・

UK /spend/

verb
To use money to pay for something
To use time in order to do something
To use up something completely

point

US /pɔɪnt/

・

UK /pɔɪnt/

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
A particular location or position.
The purpose or aim of something.
A particular idea or argument.
A specific moment in time.
A decimal point.
A stitch in sewing or needlework.

verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

other
To direct someone's attention to something by extending a finger or object.
To indicate or suggest a particular fact or conclusion.

virus

US /ˈvaɪrəs/

・

UK /'vaɪrəs/

noun
File secretly put on computers to cause harm
Living organism that causes disease or sickness
A microscopic infectious agent that replicates inside the living cells of an organism.
A small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.
A piece of code that is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data.

B1

guidance

US /ˈɡaɪdns/

・

UK /ˈgaɪdns/

noun
Advice on what to do in school, job, future
Process of controlling weapons to hit a target
Act of guiding a person or thing
Advice or information aimed at resolving a problem or difficulty, or at helping someone to live or deal with something.
The act of guiding or directing.
A system or method used to direct movement or travel.
Leadership or direction.

other
Help or advice.
Advice or information aimed at resolving a problem or difficulty, or especially as given to a subordinate by a superior
Leadership or direction.
Professional advice about how to solve personal or psychological problems.
The process of directing movement or travel.
Help and advice about education and jobs.
Advice or information aimed at resolving a problem or difficulty, or especially as given to a prospective student or employee.
Help or advice concerning spiritual matters.

A2

prepare

US /prɪˈper/

・

UK /prɪˈpeə(r)/

verb
To make something ready for use

other
To make (something) ready for use or consideration.
To make or create something.
To train or equip someone for a particular task or situation.
To put in a state of readiness or fitness.
To make something ready for use or consideration.

other
To make oneself ready.
To get oneself ready for something.

supply

US /səˈplaɪ/

・

UK /sə'plaɪ/

noun
Availability of products and services for use
Specific things needed to perform a certain task
An amount of something available for use.

verb
To give or sell goods to others for their use
To provide something that is needed or wanted.

administrative

US /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtɪv/

・

UK /ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/

adjective
Concerning managing an organization
Relating to the running of a business, organization, etc.
Relating to or characteristic of administration or those who administer.
Concerned with the management of an organization, especially with regard to office procedure and record-keeping.
Relating to the administration of justice or government.
Providing assistance in the management of business operations.

B1 TOEIC