Name: (CC) Top 200 Drugs Chapter 4 Immune Nursing Pharmacology by Suffix (Memorizing Pharmacology)
Uploaded: 2018-06-18T15:29:13.000Z
Duration: 17 min 50 s
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alright welcome to chapter 4 immune
there's 40 some medications here so I

Adverbs of degree

just wrote it up I put one group out of
order my hand cramped from writing all of

this so I'll just tell you which one's
out of order but we'll get to that in a

bit so the first thing I want to do is I
want to start with 4 OTC medications

neomycin polymyxin B and
bacitracin this -mycin stem you may

have seen before it just means that it's
from the streptomyces bacteria but it

doesn't necessarily tell you that it's
exactly an antibacterial but neomycin,

polymyxin B, bacitracin,
this is Neosporin so we're going to do

is we're going to go through
antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals

with these four medications in that
order and then through the big list

we're also going to go antibacterial,
antifungal, antivirals. So the antifungal

over-the-counter so you might know
Lotrimin Ultra we use for athlete's

foot things like that it's butenafine
okay then influenza vaccine so again

using the prophylactic something that's
trying to prevent infection before we

use something acute docosanol so
influenza vaccine has one of its brand

names as Fluzone and when you see flu
and a brand name that means influenza

but if you see -flu- in the generic name
except for obviously the word influenza

like fluoxetine, Prozac or another one's
escaping me now but that means a

fluorine atom so be careful about using
-flu- to mean for the flu or for influenza.

docosanol it's Abreva I had no idea
why anybody paid 20 bucks for this but

it'll make your cold sore go away much
faster but think about docosanol so

you can go to the ball or you can go to
the prom that's I guess why you would

spend 20 bucks on something like that
but it abbreviates the amount of time

that that cold sore lasts so Abreva
let's start with the first

antibiotic or antibacterial section so I
had a little piece of tape here on the

board so we put penicillin over here but
we have one penicillin antibiotic but

something unusual about it we start with
amoxicillin which is Amoxil and this has

the -cillin stem 
and so amoxicillin, penicillin,

methicillin, these are all penicillin
antibiotics we see that from the stem

but Amoxil is the brand name you just
took out the -ic- and then the -lin- but

what's this clavulanate? So
sometimes the bacteria can

secrete an enzyme which can make the
antibiotic ineffective. That beta

lactamase enzyme can destroy the
amoxicillin but if you add this

clavulanate you can augment and you
see that word augment in Augmentin the

brand name this amoxicillin. The
cephalosporins are related to the

penicillins they work on cell walls
as well so I'm not going to get too much

into mechanism of action that's all in
the book this is just review the archaic

one with C-E-P-H and I think they got rid
of this because ceph- means brain or head

if you're talking about medical
terminology and its brand name is Keflex

but this is first generation what that
means is that a first generation drug

has three properties that a third or
fourth generation wouldn't or the other

way around third and fourth have
properties that first wouldn't so a

third and fourth generation would
increase gram-negative coverage would

increase the ability to prevent beta
lactamase attack just like the

clavulanate does with the amoxicillin
ceftriaxone and cefepime a third

generation and fourth generation drug
both do the same thing and then these

two have better penetration into the
cerebral spinal fluid if there's some kind

of infection there but again the stem is
cef-, C-E-F so the importance with putting

vancomycin here when it doesn't seem to
relate at all is that vancomycin also

affects the cell wall. This -mycin stem again isn't

really going to help you too much but
vancomycin is a glycopeptide and it works a

little bit differently against
methicillin-resistant Staph aureus

something like that but these are all
grouped together this is where I kind of

mixed it up the tetracyclines should be
before the macrolides but you can see

tetracyclines doxycycline from the c-y-c-l-i-n-e

and minocycline from c-y-c-l-i-n-e the reason
they're called tetracyclines is because

they have four rings so the game Tetris
was actually the Tetra for four and

tennis so the person who invented it
just combine those two together so we're

just naming this class after the four
rings in it and then Doryx for

doxycycline is the brand name and then
minocycline's brand name is Minocin

then we have the macrolides that macro-
comes from just being a big molecule

that's why they're named that way. This
is an interesting one where we see the

-mycin but we also see something very
similar in the middle the T-H-R-O and

this might be an infix I'm not exactly
sure but -thromycin you see that they

all have that and that's one way to
think that these three are macrolides

now do all macrolides have -thromycin?
No but this is a little bit helpful okay

so azithromycin is a z-pack the way
that I order it is that you only take

that one once daily clarithromycin you
take it twice daily so once daily then

twice daily so Biaxin twice daily and
then erythromycin is taken four times

daily so the way that i put this in was
to put it in number of doses a patient

would have to take per day one two and
four. So we're actually

continuing on to the next with some
other antibiotics

clindamycin which is Cleocin you see
this used a lot topically because it can

cause some severe side effects severe
diarrhea so clindamycin a lot of times

we'll see used for penicillin allergic
patients and dentistry the

oxazolidinone, linezolid and you can kind
of see the classification in the name

the -zolid stem again here puts it in
that class but Zyvox is very solid or

'zolid' against MRSA and
vancomycin-resistant enterococci

amikacin and gentamicin both have those
the -kasin and -micin stems tell you

the -micin doesn't tell you it's an
aminoglycoside but these two are related

in that way so Amikin and Garamycin.
The two dihydrofolate reductase

inhibitors so sulfa- and -prim are both a
prefix sulfa- so let's you know it's a

sulfa medication and trimethoprim the
-prim lets you know that it's a

dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor what
does that mean? Well bacteria need folic

acid just like we do but they have to
make their own so if you block them from

making their own it would kill the
bacteria or hurt the bacteria and then

if you take a couple letters out of the
word bacterium you get Bactrim, the

brand name. This fluoroquinolone is
interesting because of the -oxacin

suffix so the -oxacin is the suffix and
then this -fl- is an infix and this

fluorine atom makes it a fluoroquinolone
rather than just a quinolone and then

Cipro just got, you just cut off the
-floxicin to make Cipro from

ciprofloxacin and then Levaquin and is like Levaquin except it's a

quinolone so the -quin for that.
Antiprotozoal, metronidazole so

-nidazole is the stem and it's an amidazole antibiotic so you could see those

letters kind of similar together and
this is flagyl. TB I use R-I-P-E as

the acronym or way to remember it when
you think of that raised section that if

you would have a positive induration on
a TB test I would think it's ripe like

it's a welt or swelling so rifampin - Rifadin, isoniazid - INH,

pyrazinamide - PZA, and ethambutol
which is Myambutol

and there's clues in there that I
mentioned in the book about how to

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(CC) Top 200 Drugs Chapter 4 Immune Nursing Pharmacology by Suffix (Memorizing Pharmacology)

severe

respiratory

cholesterol

bacteria