Name: Scientists' Crazy Plan To Refreeze The Arctic
Uploaded: 2017-11-21T00:11:51.000Z
Duration: 4 min 26 s
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Adverbs of degree

Scientists may have just figured out how to roll back climate change, the only catch?

Sentences with advanced comparative

It could cost as much as 5 trillion dollars and use more steel than the United States

Hey there freezing fans, Jules here for Dnews!

Climate change is very real, and one of its biggest victims is Arctic sea ice.

Since the 1980s, the amount of ice has, on average, dropped by more than 13 percent each

Because according to a paper just published in the journal, Earth’s Future, scientists

The plan is to “refreeze” ten percent of the arctic ice cap by using giant wind-powered

pumps to cover the existing caps with salty seawater..

When the seawater is sprayed on top of frozen ice and surrounded by the -40 degree celcius

According to the paper, it would take 10 million wind-powered pumps, outputting roughly 16.5

pounds of water per second, to add 3 feet of ice over ten percent of the Arctic Ocean.

For every 4 feet of water pumped onto the surface, the ice will become roughly 3 feet

thicker, a plan that, if it works, will postpone the loss of the ice caps by about 17 years

As the researchers say, quote “Implementation over the entire Arctic in the early 2030s

… would reset the clock to the present day.”

That’s great news because at the current rate, scientists estimate the polar ice caps

Of course, the plan isn’t easy, or economical.

Each wind turbine used to power the pump will need to be roughly 19 feet across, and use

The paper also states that ten million pumps would only really cover ten percent of the

Arctic Ocean’s roughly 4 million square mile size; to cover the entire area would

take 100 million pumps, and roughly 100 million tons of steel each year.

The US alone currently produces about 80 to 90 million tons of steel a year, so covering

just 10 percent of the Arctic ice would use around 13 percent of U.S. steel production.

The total cost would be 50 billion dollars per year, or 500 billion over 10 years -- and

again, that’s if you only cover 10 percent of the Arctic.

To cover the whole thing would be a whopping 5 trillion dollars.

But not all efforts to save the Arctic ice caps are so costly.

Another leading solution is called solar-radiation management, where sunlight is reflected away

from the ice, instead of being absorbed by it, leading to slower melting.

One method of doing this is to inject reflective aerosol particles, particularly chemicals

In nature, volcanic eruptions scatter sulfate particles high into the air as part of an

ash cloud, and it has been observed that these particles reflect solar radiation back into

space and lead to cooling of the earth below it.

So if we could do this artificially, it could have the same effect.

In fact, a 2008 study found that if we could decrease the sunlight reaching the Arctic

area by about 21%, it would allow the ice to remain even if the amount of CO2 in the

But this solution leads to many other environmental concerns, such degradation of the ozone, which

It could also lead to a warming of the stratosphere, as the reflective particles would absorb some

of the heat and disperse it in the surrounding atmospheric air.

Both of these could ultimately lead to a worsening of climate change conditions.

And the aerosol in itself is air pollution, of the kind that leads to asthma and other

Ultimately, there is no simple, elegant solution.

The paper itself admits that technology alone won’t solve our problems.

The world is still warming, the ice caps are melting, and the sea levels are rising.

Without the ice caps reflecting light away from earth, the ocean will absorb even more

solar radiation and heat, which could influence global warming.

Worse yet, the more ice is melted in the Arctic, the more methane, a greenhouse gas, will be

Currently that methane is trapped under the permafrost, and as that thaws, it could speed

While setting up 100 million pumps, or shooting sulfates into the sky may sound crazy, those

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