remember paraphrasing just means putting other people's words into your own words

communicating something that you read or heard and putting into your own words

which shows understanding and also shows good academic honesty

ok so before I give you some specific examples i just want to go through some

very quick steps with you that are quite helpful

okay step one is read carefully and this is an important step because we cannot

paraphrase what we don't understand

so we need to read carefully and we need to make sure we understand step 2

so read carefully and make sure you understand because that's where the

ability to paraphrase comes from: it comes from our understanding

step 3 once you've read and understand

go away and take a break... let the information process...Let it become part

of your brain

this is the way I think of it: it becomes part of your knowledge base. it becomes

part of you, and then once it becomes part of you,

once you understand it, now you can put it into your own words

step 4, when you return from your nice break

rewrite it in your own words -- and here's the key: without

looking

don't have that text in front of you write it in your way from your memory

and this can be effective

Ok, now make sure to change grammar and vocabulary as necessary. And then once

you think you have rephrased, check to see the

differences. Compare the original with what you wrote

look at the difference in grammar and look at the difference in words

words and grammar

here's an interesting website it's called handyman online.com /paraphrasing- tool . HTML

i recommend you google this

just google handyman online com

google paraphrasing and I'm sure the website will come up

it's a great way to compare your original text with the one that you

wrote. for example it looks like this. you put the original text here

you know I like sports and then here you might say something like-- okay I enjoy

athletics and you get to check to see the differences. i won't go over all the

details now but you put the original phrase or sentence or paragraph

there in here

you put your version and you you look on the bottom to see some of the

differences

ok

so step six is site

the power praise text you still give the author credit and you cite it you don't

quote it but you just give it a citation

it says that you got the information somewhere else ok

and this is important when it's new information if it is common knowledge

then you don't need to cite for example you know breakfast is important

this is common knowledge everybody knows it there's no reason to

- cite that it's not an original idea for it

maybe it was at one point but it certainly is not in new information

these days

so there's no reason to cite ok now i'm going to go over an example sentence

level changes here as a sentence

new york city in engaging city with a vibrant ambiance and exhilarating pace

is one of the foremost tourist destinations in the world

now i need i find that to be interesting information and i'm going to paraphrase

it again I'm going to look at vocabulary and grammar

so here's my paraphrase version i wrote one of the most popular places in the

world to visit is New York

so this kind of takes the place of this new york is very popular for most

tourist destination means that it is one of the most popular places in the world

to visit see it's a tourist destination

so it's a popular place to visit to visit is taking the place of tourist

destination

people love to visit because it's an exciting and

interesting

so that takes the place of this part here where they're saying that it's

exhilarating and engaging

well, engaging basically means interesting and exhilarating

basically means exciting

so again simply changing words in changing grammatical structure and in

the end what you have is a paraphrase

now let's take a look at a paragraph level

it's a bit different at paragraph level. It requires a little bit more work

so here's the paragraph: BPA a toxin resin found in most plastics can be

detrimental to your health

the International Health Organization has done many studies that support this

hypothesis

many scientists believe that the molecules--

although in small amounts-- enter the body slowly over time after years of

consuming foods and drinks packaging plastic the amount of BPA can be

dangerous

now this can be tough but we need to do is notice which words

can we not live without -- in other words which words must stay

we cannot change these works and i chose these words as unable to change. can't

change BPA because that's so specific

You must have that in order to make set to communicate the author's

ideas, so BPA international Health Organization you can't there's no other

words for that in my view. I think molecules need not be changed because

it's so specific and it's such a scientific and specialist word and again

BPA can't be changed but words like detrimental can. Let's right-click

detrimental we see the synonyms are negative damaging harmful.

so these can be easily done in fact if you want you just say he just ok

detrimental synonym and i'm going to say damaging

so there you go damaging international Health Organization of studies now i

right clicked on studies but none of these words will be appropriate because

here

the computer thinks it's about lessons and training and education -- but it's not. But,

I do know a word and it could be

experiments...... or you may think that this word is not replaceable. You see, some words

may not be replaceable and there is some judgment that you can use

but what matters most is the paragraph feels and reads differently than the

original

so words like enter mean 'go into' a 'body' not really sure.....

let's take a look synonyms physique, build, bulk ,organization, group, figure

form

none of these-- even though they're synonyms-- would actually fit this sentence

so like I said in class we have to be very careful about just using synonyms

because we have to use the right synonym and in terms of this paragraph body is

probably necessary

you probably need it consuming foods all that

that was easy consuming foods means eating foods

ok - to consume means to eat so we can change that

so as you can see there's some words we can change and some we can't ....dangerous

we can look at synonyms of dangerous look at that hazardous, treacherous

perilous, precarious the one that I think is the best is a unsafe or hazardous you

know things can be hazardous or detrimental or hazardous ok so or

negative for your health there's lots of ways to do it

the point is that you identify those words that really can't be changed and

then identify those words that can and you're halfway home

the next part is changing the grammar so let's take a look at the paragraph that

i paraphrased ok here's my version

I said BPA is a dangerous chemical and according to studies by the

International Health Organization it can have negative impacts on our health

the scientific community has done many experiments and believe that the plastic

molecules from the food wrappings make it into our body slowly

so enter becomes 'make it into'

over time the amount of plastics increases which can be dangerous to our

bodies

now i'm going to bring up the old paragraph or the original paragraph and

let's see if we can look at some differences here

BPA is a dangerous chemical and according to the International Health

Organization can have negative impacts on health

ok so here it says BPA, a toxin resin found the most plastics, can be

detrimental to your health

so detrimental year to your health changes to negative impacts

ok many scientists believe that the molecules --although in small amounts-- enter

the body slowly over time. Hhere I said the scientific community has done many

experiments and believe that the plastic molecules from the food wrappings make it

into our body slowly. Over time, the amount of plastic increases which can be

dangerous to our bodies

so what you have here is a change of grammar and a change of vocabulary and

of course notice that some words can't be changedwhile some can

okay well that's it

this is a good start paraphrasing look at vocabulary

look at grammar know what you can change know what you can't change and over time

this will become natural it will become easy for you

ok thank you and if you have any questions please remember to ask mr. guy

and happy happy paraphrasing