Subtitles section Play video Print subtitles the universe is everything from the tiniest particles to the largest Galaxies, to the very existence of space, time and life. But how did it all begin? The origin of the universe is the origin of everything. Multiple scientific theories plus creation myths from around the world have tried to explain its mysterious genesis. However, the most widely accepted explanation is the Big Bang theory. The Big Bang theory states that the universe began as a hot and infinitely dense point, only a few millimeters wide. It was similar to a supercharged black hole About 13.7 billion years ago. This tiny singularity violently exploded and it is from this explosion, this bang, that all matter energy, space and time were created. What happened next were two major stages of the universe's evolution called the radiation and Matter eras. They're defined by key events that helped shaped the universe. First came the radiation era. Named for the dominance of radiation right after the Big Bang. This era is made of smaller stages called epics that occurred within the universe's first tens of thousands of years. The earliest is the Plank Epic, no matter existed in the universe at this time, only energy and the ancestor to the four forces of Nature. The super force at the end of the stage. However, a key event occurred in which gravity split away from the super force. Next came the grand unification epic. Named for the three remaining unified forces of nature. This epic ended when one of those forces called strong or strong, nuclear broke away. Then the inflationary epic began during which the universe rapidly expanded almost instantly. It grew from the size of an atom to the size of a grapefruit. The universe at this time was piping hot and it churned with electrons, corks and other particles. Then came the electroweak Epic when the last two forces electromagnetic and weak, finally split off. During the next stage, the cork Epic, all of the universes ingredients were present. However, the universe was still too hot and dense for subatomic particles to form. Then in the Hadron Epic, the universe cooled down enough for quirks to bind together and form protons and neutrons in the leptin and nuclear epics. The radiation eras last two stages, the protons and neutrons underwent a significant change. They fused and created nuclei and in doing so, they created the first chemical element in the universe helium. The universe is new ability to form elements. The building blocks of matter queued the matter era, much as the name suggests, the Matter era is defined by the presence and predominance of matter in the universe. It features three epics that span billions of years. The vast majority of the universe's lifespan and includes the present day. The first was the Atomic Epic. In this stage, the universe's temperature cooled down enough for electrons to attach to nuclei for the first time called recombination. This process helped create the universe's second element hydrogen. This hydrogen along with helium atoms dotted the universe with atomic clouds within the clouds. Small pockets of gas may have had enough gravity to cause atoms to collect. These clusters of atoms formed during the galactic epic became the seedlings of Galaxies nestled inside those Galaxies. Stars began to form, and in doing so, they cued the latest and current stage of the universe's development. The stellar epic. The formation of stars then caused a tremendous ripple effect and helped shape the universe as we know it. Heat within the stars, caused the conversion of helium and hydrogen into almost all the remaining elements in the universe. In turn, those elements became the building blocks for planets, moons, life. Everything we see today, this ecosystem of everything was only possible because of the many stages in the universe's development. While countless questions about the origins of our universe remain, it's only a matter of time for some long sought answers to emerge.
B2 universe epic matter radiation helium big bang 101科學教室:宇宙起源《國家地理》雜誌 109 11 林宜悉 posted on 2022/01/11 More Share Save Report Video vocabulary