Name: Top 10 Biggest Scientific Discoveries of 2020
Uploaded: 2020-12-08T18:55:06.000Z
Duration: 11 min 7 s
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NASA thinks that could be enough water on the moon to create a lunar base and support humans living there.

And today we're counting down our picks for the top 10 biggest scientific discoveries in 2020 the biggest explosion scene in the universe has been found.

The study worked with dozens of doctors and researchers across the US and UK, and these individuals worked with Google Health to train an artificial intelligence system to spot breast cancer.

For this list, we're looking at amazing discoveries announced in 2020 that added something new door scientific understanding of the world.

We won't be including vaccines for Kobe 19, although there definitely good news.

Let us know in the comments which your most excited about If you like what you're hearing, be sure to check out the full song at the link below every now.

And I get this feeling like I don't want to Number 10.

The first extra galactic planet in 1992 history was made when astronomers finally confirmed the existence of the first exoplanets that is, planets in a star system other than our own science has come a long way, and in 2020 it was announced that the first extra galactic planet had been discovered.

The planet is in a binary star system with a normal star in another stranger object that may be a neutron star or a black hole.

In either case, it's strong enough to rip the larger star apart, and this process is producing X rays.

By studying these X rays, scientists were able to observe a planetary transit incredible, considering it happened over 23 million light years away.

Number nine Ghost particles in Antarctica Neutrinos are particles that are so difficult to detect their widely nicknamed ghost particles.

Neutrinos are fundamental particles of the universe.

Born in the incredible energy of the Big Bang.

They can tell us about everything from the birth of the universe to the nuclear reactions that power our cities.

They have next to no mass and barely interact with gravity.

But this year the Antarctic impulsive, transient antenna detected neutrinos passing through the ice at a bizarre angle, as though the neutrinos were coming from inside the earth itself.

Anita stands for the Antarctic impulsive, transient antenna that flies over the Antarctic continent, a stratospheric balloon payload and looks for the signatures of high energy neutrinos that crash into some Adam in the ice.

This led to theories that the particles air coming from a quote parallel universe where time runs backward.

This is most likely not true, but these observations have taught us much more about thes most mysterious particles and how they interact with the ice at the South Pole number eight, the largest known explosion.

If a black hole explodes and no one is around to see it, did it happen?

We recently discovered the cavity left behind by the largest known explosion ever detected roughly 390 million light years away from Earth.

In the office Mucus Galaxy cluster, the biggest explosion scene in the universe has been found.

This record breaking, gargantuan eruption came from a black hole in a distant galaxy cluster hundreds of millions of light years away.

This explosion didn't come at the end of the black holes lifespan, however.

It's a supermassive black hole millions of times bigger than our sun, which seems to have spewed out a massive jet of radiation and matter.

This happens when matter falling toward the black hole is redirected into jets or beams that blast outward into space and slam into any surrounding material.

The vacuum left behind is 15 times larger than the Milky Way galaxy.

We've known there's ice on the moon for a long time, but in 2020 it was confirmed that liquid water exists on the lunar surface.

We already knew that there was water ice hidden on the moon's desert like surface.

Pockets of water, some no bigger than a penny, could be much more common on accessible than we previously thought.

NASA Sofia Ah flying observatory loaded onto an airliner has detected water molecules on the near side of the moon.

The molecules aren't close enough to each other to form pools, but this is still incredibly significant, with space agencies planning to return to the moon.

Another NASA study suggested that more water ice than previously thought could be trapped in pockets and shadowed regions.

Thes discoveries mean that astronauts could draw upon a local supply of water from the moon itself rather than depending exclusively on frequent deliveries from Earth.

The origin of carbon All life on Earth is based on carbon, the fourth most common chemical element in the universe.

But it wasn't until 2020 that we had a solid theory on how carbon actually forms.

It turns out that white dwarfs, the stellar cores of dead stars, are the primary source of carbon and the galaxy.

This is because white dwarf stars are better able to fuse heavier elements like carbon as well as oxygen, compared with main sequence stars.

The latter typically fuse hydrogen, the lightest element into helium dying when they exhaust their fuel.

Number five, the first image of a system with multiple exoplanets.

Extra galactic planets are all well and good, but there are plenty of planetary mysteries here in the Milky Way.

While we've been able to photograph exoplanets a few times before, 2020 marked the first photograph of a multi planet system around a sun like star.

The image was captured in July by the European Southern observatory and shows the star and the two gas giants orbiting it.

We also found out this year that new mathematical modeling used by NASA suggests many exoplanets may have oceans and that more than half of sun like stars in our galaxy could host planets in the Goldilocks Zone.

We may be wary of artificial intelligence, but there are some things that a I is far better at doing, like diagnosing breast cancer.

It was recently found out that Google's Deepmind AI was actually better at reading mammograms and detecting breast cancer early than doctors in clinical trials.

The AI reduced instances of both false positives and false negatives.

Deepmind isn't gonna be a replacement for doctors that make informed decisions based on patient history.

It's gonna work alongside medical professionals as an invaluable tool to help fight one of the most common cancers in the world.

This mammogram shows a malignancy outlined in yellow that all six radiologist missed but our algorithm caught.

However, there were also cases that are all six radiologist caught, but the algorithm didn't and so it's clear that they're making, hopefully complimentary decisions.

We may not have superpowers yet, but we could soon have superpowered blood cells.

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which is what makes them red and carry oxygen from our lungs to our hearts and then to the rest of our body.

Scientists have managed to create synthetic red blood cells that can do even mawr.

They're created by coating donated cells in silica, which is then covered with positively and negatively charged polymers.

This creates artificial cells that are the same size, shape and just as flexible.

They've worked well in mice and could become a new way to detect toxins, deliver therapeutic drugs and fight cancer.

Number two, The first video of atoms forming chemical bonds.

Adams are so small that we need extremely powerful electron microscopes to study them.

Ah, lot of our knowledge is based on influence rather than actually watching them doing their thing.

But now the first ever video of atoms forming and breaking bonds to create molecules has been filmed by physicists who trapped too rainy, um, Adams in a carbon nanotube.

It may be hard to believe that the grainy footage came from 2020 but it is the cutting edge of science and one of the most remarkable things ever seen.

The technique will enable us to study atoms like never before.

Signs of life on Venus Phosgene detected in the Venusian cloud belt could be a sign of microbial life.

Finding a gas like this on Venus is really exciting because of the possibility that it could have also been produced by life like it is on the earth.

Vocal cords were three D printed, uh, mhm Wonder Chicken.

This fossilized foul is a missing link between dinosaurs and birds.

We have discovered the world's oldest modern bird fossil.

This is a fossil from just a few 100,000 years before the asteroid struck and wiped out the giant dinosaurs about 66.2 million years ago.

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Brain Cancer Vaccine In 2019, researchers published a study showing that they'd successfully treated bone cancer in dogs with a new type of immunotherapy.

They'd managed to create a vaccine from the cancerous tumors themselves.

By summer 2020 thes findings were being used to develop vaccines for human cancers, specifically certain brain cancers.

Every time that we conduct a clinical trial, every time we make a breakthrough in a dog or a cat with a new excellent response to a novel therapy, I think about the people that can benefit from that.

It's still early days, but the treatment has been approved to enter clinical trials by the FDA in the US If successful, it could mean we have an amazing new treatment for human cancer that doesn't require chemotherapy.

And at the very least, this is good news for man's best friend.

 And, hey, if you're a fan of the song playing right now, be sure to check out the music video for it right here. 