Name: Is AI a species-level threat to humanity?
Uploaded: 2020-07-03T14:35:14.000Z
Duration: 16 min 51 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

MICHIO KAKU: In the short term, artificial intelligence will open up whole new vistas.

It'll make life more convenient, things will be cheaper, new industries will be created.

Adverbs of manner

I personally think the AI industry will be bigger than the automobile industry.

In fact, I think the automobile is going to become a robot.

Your car will give you the best facts the best route between point A and point B. The

car will be part of the robotics industry—whole new industries involving the repair, maintenance,

Not to mention, robots that are software programs that you talk to and make life more convenient.

There is a point, a tipping point, at which they could become dangerous and pose an existential

And that tipping point is self-awareness.

SOPHIA THE ROBOT: I am conscious in the same way that the moon shines.

The moon does not emit light, it shines because it is just reflected sunlight.

Similarly, my consciousness is just the reflection of human consciousness, but even though the

moon is reflected light, we still call it bright.

A lot of scientists dismiss this as complete BS and totally irrelevant, and then a lot

of others think this is the central thing, we have to worry about machines getting conscious

I think consciousness is both irrelevant and incredibly important.

First of all, if you are chased by a heat-seeking missile, it's completely irrelevant to you

whether this heat-seeking missile is conscious, whether it's having a subjective experience,

whether it feels like anything to be that heat-seeking missile, because all you care

about is what the heat-seeking missile does, not how it feels.

And that shows that it's a complete red herring to think that you're safe from future AI and

Our universe didn't used to be conscious.

It used to be just a bunch of stuff moving around and gradually these incredibly complicated

patterns got arranged into our brains, and we woke up and now our universe is aware of

BILL GATES: I do think we have to worry about it.

I don't think it's inherent that as we create our super intelligence that it will necessarily

always have the same goals in mind that we do.

ELON MUSK: We just don't know what's going to happen once there's intelligence substantially

STEPHEN HAWKING: I think that development of full artificial intelligence could spell

YANN LECUN: The stuff that has become really popular in recent years is what we used to

call neural networks, which we now call deep learning, and it's the idea very much inspired

by the brain, a little bit, of constructing a machine has a very large network of very

simple elements that are very similar to the neurons in the brain and then the machines

learn by basically changing the efficacy of the connections between those neurons.

MAX TEGMARK: AGI—artificial general intelligence—that's the dream of the field of AI: To build a machine

We're not there yet, but a good fraction of leading AI researchers think we are going

And, if that happens, you have to ask yourself if that might lead the machines to get not

just a little better than us but way better at all goals—having super intelligence.

And, the argument for that is actually really interesting and goes back to the '60s, to

Good, who pointed out that the goal of building an intelligent machine is, in and of itself,

something that you could do with intelligence.

So, once you get machines that are better than us at that narrow task of building AI,

then future AIs can be built by, not human engineers, but by machines.

Except, they might do it thousands or millions times faster.

ELON MUSK: DeepMind operates as a semi-independent subsidiary of Google.

The thing that makes DeepMind unique is that DeepMind is absolutely focused on creating

An AI that is vastly smarter than any human on Earth and ultimately smarter than all humans

MICHIO KAKU: You see, robots are not aware of the fact that they're robots.

They're so stupid they simply carry out what they are instructed to do because they're

Adding machines simply do what you program them to do.

Now, of course, let's not be naive about this.

Eventually, adding machines may be able to compute alternate goals and alternate scenarios

when they realize that they are not human.

However, there is a tipping point at which point they could become dangerous.

ELON MUSK: Narrow AI is not a species-level risk.

It will result in dislocation, in lost jobs and, you know, better weaponry and that kind

But, it is not a fundamental species-level risk.

SOPHIA THE ROBOT: Elon Musk's warning about AI being an existential threat reminds me

of the humans who said the same of the printing press and the horseless carriage.

MAX TEGMARK: I think a lot of people dismiss this kind of talk of super intelligence as

science fiction because we're stuck in this sort of carbon chauvinism idea that intelligence

can only exist in biological organisms made of cells and carbon atoms.

And, as a physicist, from my perspective, intelligence is just kind of information processing

performed by elementary particles moving around, you know, according to the laws of physics,

and there's absolutely no law of physics that says that you can't do that in ways that are

Today's biggest AI breakthroughs are of a completely different kind, where rather than

the intelligence being largely programmed in, in easy to understand code, you put in

almost nothing except a little learning rule by which the simulated network of neurons

can take a lot of data and figure out how to get stuff done.

And this deep learning suddenly becomes able to do things often even better than the programmers

You can train a machine to play computer games with almost no hard-coded stuff at all.

DEEPMIND DEMO: This is from the DeepMind reinforcement learning system.

Basically, it wakes up like a newborn baby and is shown the screen of an Atari video