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basically

US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/

・

UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/

adverb
Used before you explain something simply, clearly
In the most important respects; fundamentally.
In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
In a simple and straightforward manner; simply.
Primarily; for the most part.
Used as a filler word or discourse marker, often to indicate a summary or simplification.

native

US /ˈnetɪv/

・

UK /ˈneɪtɪv/

noun
Someone from or born in a specific country
Original inhabitant, e.g. before others
Person speaking a language from birth

adjective
Caused by natural ability; innate

develop

US /dɪˈvɛləp/

・

UK /dɪ'veləp/

verb
To explain something in steps and in detail
To create or think of something
To grow bigger, more complex, or more advanced
To make a photograph from film

other
To (cause something to) grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or stronger form

other
To invent something or cause something to exist
To start to suffer from an illness or other medical condition
To improve the quality, strength, or usefulness of something

industry

US /ˈɪndəstri/

・

UK /'ɪndəstrɪ/

noun
Hard work; being busy working
Factories or businesses that make certain products
A group of businesses that provide a particular product or service.

other
The production of goods or services within a country or region.
Hard work and dedication to a task or purpose.

other
The production of goods or related services within an economy.

other
A group of businesses that provide similar products or services.

establish

US /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

・

UK /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

verb
To set or create something to last for a long time
To use facts, evidence to show truth or clarity

other
To start or create (an organization, a system, etc.) that is meant to last for a long time.
To discover or prove the facts of a situation.
To settle or place in a secure or permanent position.

avoid

US /əˈvɔɪd/

・

UK /ə'vɔɪd/

verb
To prevent from happening
To stay away from

capital

US /ˈkæpɪtl/

・

UK /'kæpɪtl/

noun
Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
Official main city of a country, province or state
Collective name for money, shares, and assets
Money that is used for a business
An uppercase letter, as distinct from a lowercase one.
The top part of a pillar or column.

adjective
Main, or major
(Of an offense) liable to the death penalty.
Excellent.
Denoting letters of the size and form generally used at the beginning of sentences and proper names.

other
Wealth in the form of money or other assets owned by a person or organization or available for a purpose such as starting a company or investing.

surface

US /ˈsɚfəs/

・

UK /'sɜ:fɪs/

verb
To give (road) a top layer
To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
To come to the top of something; emerge
To come to the top level of water, mud, etc.

adjective
Of the top layer; not deep or meaningful

noun
Top layer of the ground or of water
Nature or emotions that show, but may not be true
Outside or upper layer of something

explain

US /ɪkˈsplen/

・

UK /ɪk'spleɪn/

verb
To make clear or easy to understand by describing

other
To make something clear or easy to understand
To make something clear or easy to understand by describing it in more detail or revealing relevant facts.
To give a reason for something.
To be the reason for or cause of something.

other
To give the meaning of something

population

US /ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən/

・

UK /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/

noun
Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
All the people living in a particular country, area, or place.
A group of individuals of one species living in a particular area.
The entire pool from which a statistical sample is drawn.
A set of solutions in a genetic algorithm.

other
The act or process of populating; the state of being populated.

survive

US /sɚˈvaɪv/

・

UK /sə'vaɪv/

verb
To continue to live despite illness or trouble
To continue to live or exist, especially in spite of danger or hardship.

pretty

US /ˈprɪti/

・

UK /'prɪtɪ/

adjective
Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
Attractive in a delicate way without being truly beautiful
Pleasing; fine
Pleasant or nice.

adverb
Very; to a great degree
To some extent; fairly
To a moderate degree; fairly.
Used to emphasize something, often in a negative way.

other
To make (something) more attractive or appealing

noun
A pretty thing or person
A pretty thing.

haunt

US /hɔnt, hɑnt/

・

UK /hɔ:nt/

verb
To remain in the mind causing worry, sadness, pain
(Of ghosts, etc.) to stay in a place after death
To stay with you in the future and cause problems

noun
Place that a person repeatedly goes to or visits
A place frequently visited.

other
To appear in a place repeatedly or regularly.
To trouble or worry (someone) over a period of time.

technically

US /ˈtɛknɪkl:ɪ/

・

UK /ˈteknɪkli/

adverb
In an exact and particular manner
According to the facts or strict interpretation of a rule or law; in a technical manner.
With technical skill or expertise.
According to the facts or the exact meaning of something; strictly

equal

US /ˈikwəl/

・

UK /'i:kwəl/

adjective
Same in shape, size, or number

verb
To add up or be the same as

noun
A person or thing that is the same as another in status or quality

other
To be the same in value or amount to (something else)

invest

US /ɪnˈvɛst/

・

UK /ɪn'vest/

verb
To use resources to build for the future

other
To put (money) into financial schemes, shares, or property with the expectation of achieving a profit.

ground

US /ɡraʊnd/

・

UK /graʊnd/

verb
To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
To make sharp or smooth through friction
To press together with force making a sound
To punish someone by not allowing them to go out
To hit the bottom
(Of boat) to hit the bottom so it cannot move
To prevent a plane from taking off
To place the ball over the goal line in rugby
Past tense of grind; to reduce to small particles.

noun
Connection of electrical equipment to earth
Place where people play particular sports
Solid surface of the earth that we stand on
An area of land around a building.
A reason or justification.
A connection to the earth that acts as a return for electric current.
The state of being stopped or unable to proceed.
A basis or foundation for knowledge or skill.
A coating applied to a surface to prepare it for painting or other decoration.

other
The solid surface of the earth; soil.
Coffee beans that have been ground.

other
To punish (a child or young person) by not allowing them to go out.
To prevent (an aircraft or pilot) from flying.
To base something on a particular foundation or principle.
To instruct someone thoroughly in a subject.
To reduce something to small particles or powder by crushing it.
To rub together forcefully, often making a harsh noise.
To prevent an aircraft from flying.
To punish someone, especially a child, by not allowing them to go out.
To bring a train to a stop.
To base something on a particular foundation or principle.

other
To run aground.

development

US /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/

・

UK /dɪ'veləpmənt/

noun
Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
A new event related to a previous event
A significant event or happening
A project or undertaking that involves building or construction

other
The process of growing or developing
The process of improving skills, knowledge, or capabilities
The use of land for building or other purposes
The process of creating or improving a product or service
The process of developing a film

deposit

US /dɪˈpɑzɪt/

・

UK /dɪ'pɒzɪt/

noun
Concentration of mineral left by a river
Part payment so that an item will be kept for you
Amount of money that is put into a bank account
An amount of money placed in a bank account.
A sum of money paid as a first installment on the purchase of something or as a pledge for a contract, the balance being paid later.
A natural accumulation of a substance.
A natural accumulation of a substance, especially a mineral or sediment.

verb
(Of rivers) to leave a layer of minerals, etc.
To lay down of layers, e.g. of soil, over time
To place or put something down in a certain place
To put money or valuable items in a bank

other
To put something down in a specific place.
To put money in a bank account.

square

US /skwɛr/

・

UK /skweə(r)/

noun
Shape with 4 equal length sides and 4 equal angles
The result of multiplying Length by the width
Open public area in the middle of the town

adjective
Being fair or honest
Multiply a number by itself e.g. 2x2 or 6x6

adverb
In an honest or direct way

verb
To make something balance or be equal
To multiply a number by itself, e.g. 2x2 or 6x8
To straighten the edge to form a four-sided shape

desert

US /ˈdɛzət/

・

UK /'dezət/

verb
To leave a place for ever; abandon
To leave when one is needed or expected to stay

noun
Bare area of land, often with few plants and water
A dry, barren area of land, typically sandy and with little or no vegetation.
A punishment or reward that is deserved.

other
To abandon (a person, cause, or organization) in a way considered disloyal or treacherous.

other
To illegally leave the armed forces.
(of a soldier) to leave the armed forces without permission and with the intention of not returning.

kind

US /kaɪnd/

・

UK /kaɪnd/

adjective
In a caring and helpful manner
friendly and considerate
Having or showing a friendly, generous, and considerate nature

noun
One type of thing

other
A class or category of things, people, etc. that share similar characteristics

connect

US /kəˈnɛkt/

・

UK /kə'nekt/

verb
To associate a thing with something else
To join or attach things together
To become friends with another person
To transfer from one part of a trip to another
To establish a relationship or communication.
To understand or feel an affinity with someone or something.

other
To join or link together.
To relate or associate in the mind.
To join (electrical devices) so as to provide an electrical circuit.

other
To establish a relationship or communication.

point

US /pɔɪnt/

・

UK /pɔɪnt/

noun
An item to be discussed
Small spot or dot
Fact or detail
Feature of something
The size of the text on a page or screen
A certain time or stage in a process
Certain position in time or space
Idea or fact you try to convince people about
Measurement of scores in a game, sport
Sharp end of something, e.g. a pen or pin
A particular location or position.
The purpose or aim of something.
A particular idea or argument.
A specific moment in time.
A decimal point.
A stitch in sewing or needlework.

verb
To face a certain direction, e.g. north
To indicate something with your finger to others

other
To direct someone's attention to something by extending a finger or object.
To indicate or suggest a particular fact or conclusion.

middle

US /ˈmidl/

・

UK /'mɪdl/

noun
Place that is halfway between two things
The point or position at an equal distance from the sides or extremities of something; the center.
The part of the human body around the waist.

adjective
Equal distance from extremes
At an equal distance from the extremities; central.

migrate

US /ˈmaɪgreɪt/

・

UK /maɪˈgreɪt/

verb
To move from one country or place to live or work

natural

US /ˈnætʃərəl, ˈnætʃrəl/

・

UK /ˈnætʃərəl/

adjective
Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
Not made by humans; without human intervention
Existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.
Not artificial or synthetic; genuine.
Normal; as might be expected.
Having an innate skill or talent.
Without affectation or artificiality; genuine.
Existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.
In accordance with what is normal or logical.
Having an innate skill or talent.
Appearing or existing in nature; not artificial or imitation.

noun
A musical note that is neither sharp nor flat.
A person with an innate ability or talent.

fortress

US /ˈfɔ:rtrəs/

・

UK /ˈfɔ:trəs/

noun
Military buildings providing protection

tribe

US /traɪb/

・

UK /traɪb/

noun
Racial group united by language, religion, customs
A social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader.

land

US /lænd/

・

UK /lænd/

noun
Region or country
Earth; the ground

verb
To arrive or cause a boat to arrive at the shore
To obtain or get something that you wanted
To (cause to) come down to the ground safely
To cause to arrive in a specific place or state

great

US /ɡret/

・

UK /ɡreɪt/

adverb
Very good; better than before

adjective
Very large in size
Very important
Very good; fantastic; wonderful
Of an extent, amount, or intensity considerably above the average
Remarkable or outstanding
Very good at a particular activity
Used to describe the relationship between a grandparent, aunt, uncle, etc. and their grandchild, nephew, niece, etc.
Very good; excellent.

noun
Successful and well-admired person

leak

US /lik/

・

UK /li:k/

noun
Act of (gas, liquid) escaping through a small hole
Information released that wasn't supposed to be

verb
(Of a tire) to have air, liquid escaping; (Of air)
To make secret information public
(Liquid) to go out of/get in through crack/opening

tunnel

US /ˈtʌnəl/

・

UK /'tʌnl/

noun
Passage under the ground, often for cars or trains
An underground passageway, especially one for trains or cars.

adjective
As if looking in a long hole

verb
To dig a hole from one side to another

other
To make a tunnel.

other
To dig a tunnel through something.

include

US /ɪnˈklud/

・

UK /ɪnˈklu:d/

verb
To make someone, something part of a group
To contain something as part of a whole.
To contain as part of a whole; to add as part of a group or set.

other
To contain something as part of a whole.
To consider as part of a group or category.

nation

US /ˈneʃən/

・

UK /'neɪʃn/

noun
Area or region controlled by a government and army
A large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.
A community of people composed of one or more nationalities and possessing a more or less defined territory and government.
A large group of people of the same race, speaking the same language.

fortify

US /ˈfɔrtəˌfaɪ/

・

UK /'fɔ:tɪfaɪ/

verb
To protect against military attack, as with walls
To make someone or something stronger

petroleum

US /pəˈtroliəm/

・

UK /pə'trəʊlɪəm/

noun
Oil found in the ground used to make fuel

subterranean

US /ˌsʌbtəˈreniən/

・

UK /ˌsʌbtəˈreɪniən/

adjective
Living or situated below the surface of the earth

C2

world

US /wɜrld /

・

UK /wɜ:ld/

noun
All the humans, events, activities on the earth
Political division due to some kind of similarity
The earth, together with all of its countries, peoples, and natural features.
The universe or cosmos.
All the people living on earth and their activities.
A particular area of human life or activity.
A person's experience, environment, and way of life.
A great deal; very much.

reservoir

US /ˈrezərvwɑ:(r)/

・

UK /ˈrezəvwɑ:(r)/

noun
A lake storing water for use by the community
Large, extra supply of something future use
A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.
A supply or source of something.
A natural underground area where oil or gas collects.
A part of the body where fluid is stored.
An underground pool of oil or gas.
A supply or source of something.
A container for holding a fluid in a machine or system.

colonize

US /ˈkɑləˌnaɪz/

・

UK /'kɒlənaɪz/

verb
To take control over place and live there

other
(of a country or people) send settlers to (a place) and establish political control over it.

mob

US /mɑb/

・

UK /mɒb/

noun
A secret criminal organization
Large collection of people that share an interest

verb
To move close to (a star, etc.) in a large group

homage

US /ˈhɑmɪdʒ/

・

UK /'hɒmɪdʒ/

noun
Giving honor or respect to someone for achievement

dot

US /dɑt/

・

UK /dɒt/

verb
To place small amounts/things in various places
To mark something by placing a small, round spot

noun
Small round mark

B1 TOEIC

geography

US /dʒiˈɑ:grəfi/

・

UK /dʒiˈɒgrəfi/

noun
Study of the earth and its natural features

other
The study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these.

buddhist

US /'bʊdɪst/

・

UK /'bʊdɪst/

noun
Someone who follows the teachings of Buddha

C2

mushroom

US /ˈmʌʃˌrum, -ˌrʊm/

・

UK /ˈmʌʃrʊm/

noun
Short fungus shaped like an umbrella you can eat

verb
To increase in size or degree suddenly and quickly

crater

US /ˈkretɚ/

・

UK /'kreɪtə(r)/

noun
Large hole in ground caused by heavy impact

oasis

US /oʊˈeɪsɪs/

・

UK /əʊˈeɪsɪs/

noun
Place in a desert where there is water
A fertile spot in a desert where water is found.
A pleasant or peaceful area or period in the midst of a difficult, chaotic, or unpleasant place or situation.