Name: FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL ON MARS | The Universe (Season 6) | History
Uploaded: 2020-04-04T06:02:07.000Z
Duration: 5 min 44 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

For over a century, movies have perpetuated the idea and the hope that there's intelligent life on Mars.

Modal verbs - B1

But sometime late in this century, two people from Earth might give birth to the first Martian may be the first of many more We will be the Martians.

Part of the reason for sending people to Mars would be to do some compelling science, so we would imagine them taking samples, analyzing them, trying to understand the environment.

When those rocks formed things like that, Astronauts could use old variety of tools hammers, hand lenses, spectrometers of various source chemical analysis machines.

There'd be probably some mobile laboratory on the rover that would use materials that they gathered toe look, the composition and so on.

Vallis Marineris has a whole variety of different segments.

There's places in the middle where there's 123 or even four parallel canyons where you're down and up and down and up and down and up.

And then a very eastern end that looks like water came flushing out through what would be a chaos zone.

Catastrophic floods of water that might have come out was their life in that water could some of the rock samples they dig up have enough evidence of fossilized bacteria.

Mars was once a warmer, wetter planet, and we know that for a fact that there are water erosion features all over the surface of Mars to look for fossils of life.

You want to look for places where water has flown or accumulated, and the Vallis Marineris might be one of those places.

I think it's certainly possible that there's bacterial activity on Mars now, but that's by no means certain that it's a very interesting current scientific question.

I think it's one of the most intriguing questions and solar system science.

Suddenly, the search for life pauses as the fight for survival resumes.

Mission Control signals that a high risk solar flare is headed for Mars.

A solar flare is a tremendous outburst from a relatively small region of the sun.

A huge amount of energy goes pouring out explosively, and a bunch of energetic charged particles go zooming through the solar system.

They can interact with cells and harm them.

Also, high energy electromagnetic radiation like X rays gets produced, and those can harm Issa's well.

So it's wham and then lam again sometime later, Earth's magnetic field shields us from the worst effects of solar flares.

But Mars lost its magnetic field four billion years ago.

A solar flare of charged protons would be far more dangerous here than on Earth.

After a solar flare is seen by people on Earth.

Now we can't warn them about the electromagnetic flash because our warning signal would travel at the same speed as that flat from the sun.

But we can warn them about the onslaught of charged particles.

The high energy charged particles can travel, perhaps at half the speed of life, have has a radiation proof chamber, but it's now too far away.

While the astronauts space suits shielded them from the solar flares X rays.

They have only minutes to seek shelter before the flares.

High energy second wave slams into Mars For the astronauts in the middle of the Vallis Marineris, the only shelter is there.

Pressurized Rover Rover's primary radiation shielding isn't lead.

It's the food packets lining the walls along with the astronauts.

Feces contain hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons contain hydrogen.

And hydrogen is a very good absorber of radiation.

Hydrogen that you have in the form of food before it's consumed will help shield you from some portion of this radiation.

And certainly, once you consume the food, you want to put your feces in these little syllables.

It blocks and back on the wall of your vehicle to shield you from radiation.

If you're going to survive in space, almost nothing can go to waste, not even waste.

 But if you look at human history, uh, you know, one thing is clear, nothing great has ever been accomplished without risk, and nothing great has ever been accomplished without courage. 