Name: Who REALLY invented the periodic table?
Uploaded: 2020-03-27T18:39:51.000Z
Duration: 24 min 46 s
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this video has been brought to you by Wicks, and we'll show you how they helped us make a new periodic table.

Later in the episode, everyone knows that men de Lave invented the periodic table.

Adverbs of degree

We're here in ST Katherine's College, Cambridge, where the well known chemist Peter Waters has assembled a unique collection of early books about the periodic table, including, I Believe, some real Treasures from Mendel Aves Output.

Well, I think most people would expect us to begin with Mandela's first period table.

So this features in Volume one of his textbook, a System of chemistry here.

So this is the first published periodic table, which is really rather nice.

Then you can you can read this okay in your system so it's based on their atomic weight and their chemical properties.

So this is a system of the elements chemical elements.

So, of course, the immediately noticeable first thing is it's the wrong way round from our modern periodic table.

Mandalay of has arranged his group's horizontally in this, which is fine.

So, for instance, we see lithium sodium, potassium rubidium, cesium.

Now he's got this one wrong is that if you roll his ego, any elements that don't exist Yes, there is somewhere to Diamond Way doesn't exist.

Explain to me what's the book and why did he wait till the last minute?

For the best part, Hey was writing a textbook of inorganic chemistry on DDE had already written Volume One on this was actually already been printed.

It was as he was beginning to write further parts of this.

You thought, Well, where am I going to get next?

Well, we won't say the periodic table because there wasn't one.

But after discussing related elements, he thought, well, which, which, which set of elements should I do next?

So he wanted to come up with a system on dhe.

This is his system, but the books were already printed this this first volume and so this a few leaves here.

We're just sent in to literally be stuck in to be pasted in to the printed books, which is remarkable This is rather a nice copy, actually, because it was I think the first owner was a lady, perhaps one of his students.

Yes, I'm not quite sure what these are yet.

Or at least we don't know how many copies there are outside of Russia.

We think this is the only copy in the UK, so I mentioned that the groups in this are arranged horizontally.

But in the second volume, which came out two years later, he's he's changed this.

He's rearranged his periodic table to be farm or recognizable to our eyes.

Now, this one is rather tricky in French, all its some.

So this is in the beginning, off Volume two of his book s.

So now you see, we have hydrogen, lithium, sodium, potassium rubidium season going vertically down.

So this looks much more like our modern periodic table on what is this again?

He developed lots of different arrangements actually on.

So some of group to appear here and some over here magnesium is over here as opposed to in the group here.

Similarly, with so demon so he had a group one A and one B with the There's some sense students of this, of course, is you know, I think the fact that this is now a rather more extensive foldout chart just shows the importance that the attached to this to his system, the cops see this is what he's absolutely famous for.

Now what he's written here is the natural system of the elements, and he's put his name out for it.

So I mean, he's really gluing his name to the periodic table straightaway.

So this is, I think, one of the reasons why Mendel F.

Is often cited as the discoverer of the periodic table.

Hey says it was his discovery that the system, the law of the periodic law, but there were other people as we shall see.

So this was his first textbook and I said came out in two voice usually published in two volumes.

Although it came out perhaps in four on this second volume was two years after the very first table that we saw But actually he did publish more extensive journal article where he really describes the periodic system of this apparently was only printed in 80 copies.

So now we really are quite lucky to have have one of these here.

So this is the very first volume off the Russian Chemical Society, the Journal of the Russian Chemical Society.

So this, then is Mendel efs riel first announcement off his periodic table on the system.

So this is the discovery, the periodic law, as he called it.

Obviously he realized that there was something quite fundamental behind this on perhaps the reason why his table and system caught on more than others is because he was also predicting properties of the very detailed predictions on that's perhaps some of the other discoveries didn't go into the same level of detail that he did.

But we see exactly the same table that we saw in the textbook.

Now I think what's really fun is s O we see this amazing discovery.

It's amazing announcement to see the first report of this in English.

And this was from from this this the same year.

Andi, it's in the chemical news now This was a publication by William Crookes.

He was the editor, the discover of family of of course, and it was said that he just reported anything.

Absolutely everything that was ever anything chemical appeared in here.

Here is the very first announcement in English off Mandalay's system.

Can you read the Yes, it says atomic weights.

This paper contains a new plan of group in the elements according to the numerical value of their atomic weights in the following manner.

So lithium seven beryllium 9.4 bore on 11 carbon 12 nitrogen, 14 oxygen.

He's given the symbols here So 16 than Effi, 19 a 23.

They there's a misprint where they put the symbol for iron instead of which I think is wonderful, isn't it?

This tiny little paragraph here is these the first announcement off that it was completely overlooked, really, At the time, nobody really took much notice off this on.

This was because I think well, people really took notice when the first elements were discovered that agree with his predictions.

So he says at the end here, the author points out that this grouping of the elements expresses the law according to which the elements can combine with oxygen.

As you see, this publication in the Chemical News was in December the 10th 18 69.

Yes, it took quite a long time March to December, yes, but that's because they were picking up these entries in other foreign journals, as they say, as they describe it.

But what I think is particularly, says Theo points out that this grouping of the elements well, they don't actually show any grouping in this good.

But it also shows that more senior chemists are notorious for not recognizing breakthroughs when they happen on absolutely haven't changed.

So this has been described as his master's thesis, this this tiny little pamphlet here.

There's evidence that he's thinking off atomic weights and organization of things.

In here we see lots of nice formative element compounds and so on So it says here that it was chosen for the defense of the degree of master of chemistry.

In some videography is you see, this is described as his thesis.

But it turns out that this is just the synopsis.

Andi, I'm delighted that we also have the whole thesis here, which is really nice on.

We have found another copy of this recorded in any library today.

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Who REALLY invented the periodic table?

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