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The one question we get asked the most is probably, "What should I invest in?”
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And we're tempted to share hot tips about *#&%&#** and #[email protected]!*
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Seriously, put your money there and you can't lose.
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But instead, we usually just say, "It depends.”
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Investing should always be looked at through your personal context.
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What might be a sound investment for your bestie might be totally inappropriate for you.
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So if you're considering dipping your toe into investing and wondering where to start, the first step is to ask yourself 5 important questions before putting any money on the line.
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When confronted with an investment opportunity, most people wonder how much money they'll make, when the more appropriate question is, "HOW MUCH AM I WILLING TO LOSE?”
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If you have a thousand dollars to invest, how would you feel if you lost a hundred of that.
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Two hundred?
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Five hundred?
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Now, if the thought of losing money at all makes you sweat a little, you're not alone.
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"Loss Aversion" is the term psychologists use for our tendency to fear losses more than we enjoy gains.
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It's why many investors sold off their holdings during the market crash of 2008.
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They overestimated their risk tolerance when times were good, and ended up selling at a loss when the seas got stormy.
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Knowing your personal threshold for this loss-pain (even short-term) is a great start to knowing what kind of investment is right for you.
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The second question you should ask yourself is what is the goal or purpose of this investment?
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Is it for your retirement?
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For your child's college?
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A trip around the world?
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Each of these goals probably has a completely different time-scale.
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If your goal is far into the future, you could probably handle a more aggressive long-term investment option like the stock market or real estate and take on more risk.
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That way you can leverage the longer time-line and put yourself in the position to receive the maximum reward while also allowing yourself space to recover from a recession.
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But if you are just a year or two from your investment goal, a dip in the market might mean you can't afford to pay for that goal. So you're probably better off sticking with something less volatile, like a CD or a bond fund.
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One of the habits in Stephen Covey's classic "7 Habits of Highly Successful People" is "Begin with the end in mind."
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And nowhere is this more true than in investing.
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As you consider your goals, you should ultimately make a decision on the circumstances that would lead you to selling the investment.
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This helps you avoid selling in a panic or hopping from one "greener pasture" to another."
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For example, you might decide that you plan to own an investment for at least 10 years.
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Or that you'll get out if the investment loses 10%.
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Knowing these details in advance will help you both pick an investment with realistic goals, and help you keep your head if the news headlines get hysterical.
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It's okay to allow your rules to be a little flexible, but having no plan at all can lead to your decisions being driven by emotions like greed, fear, or panic.
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Many brokers and investment companies are notorious for hiding fees or making them super complicated.
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So it can be tricky to figure out exactly how much an investment cost.
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Sometimes there's a simple one-time fee — like a stock-trading service that charges per-trade.
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Mutual funds and index funds, on the other hand, charge you a percentage of the money you invest every year, and perhaps even an extra sales charge in the form of a "front-end-load."
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An investment advisor will typically add an additional fee-layer for the service.
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So if you hire one, be sure they're providing plenty of value.
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Even investment options that appear to be free, like CD's and high-yield savings accounts come with "opportunity costs.”
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They're re-investing your money into higher-paying investments and pocketing the difference.
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Free investment apps like Robinhood generate income by earning interest on whatever cash you have in your account that isn't currently in an investment.
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To be clear, paying a price to invest isn't bad, or even something you can always avoid.
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Just make sure you know what you're paying so you can decide for yourself if you're getting your money's worth.
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It would be fine to put all your money on a single roll of the dice if you could be certain of the outcome.
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But in the real world, there's never a sure thing.
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Spreading your assets out and avoiding over-concentration can help ensure that your fate isn't in the hands of any single company, sector, or industry.
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For example, let's say you have most of your savings in the stock of the company you work for.
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What would happen if your employer suddenly went belly-up?
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You'd not only be out of a job, but that money you were counting on for retirement could evaporate.
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A financial advisor might recommend selling off some of that stock and diversifying elsewhere, like buying a home or opening up an IRA.
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Remember that 2008 crash?
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Many people had the bulk of their net worth tied up in their homes and couldn't afford to ride out the storm.
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Balance is key.
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So whenever you're trying to decide on a new investment, consider how it relates to the rest of your assets.
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If there were a one-size-fits-all that worked for every person in every situation, it would make our job a lot easier.
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But picking the right investment doesn't have to be as overwhelming as you might think.
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Asking yourself a few basic questions can go a long way to simplify which choice is best for you no matter what surprises might be around the corner.
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And that's our two cents!
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Thanks to our patrons for keeping Two Cents financially healthy.
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Click the link in the description if you'd like to support us on Patreon.
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We want to hear from you!
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Tell us the story of your first investment in the comments.