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Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General,
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fellow delegates, ladies and gentlemen:
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I would like to begin today by telling you about an American named Chris Stevens.
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Chris was born in a town called Grass Valley, California,
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the son of a lawyer and a musician.
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As a young man, Chris joined the Peace Corps, and taught English in Morocco.
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He came to love and respect the people of North Africa and the Middle East,
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and he would carry that commitment throughout his life.
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As a diplomat, he worked from Egypt to Syria; from Saudi Arabia to Libya.
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He was known for walking the streets of the cities where he worked – tasting the local food,
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meeting as many people as he could, speaking Arabic and listening with a broad smile.
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Chris went to Benghazi in the early days of the Libyan revolution, arriving on a cargo ship.
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As America’s representative, he helped the Libyan people as they coped with violent conflict,
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cared for the wounded, and crafted a vision for the future
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in which the rights of all Libyans would be respected.
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After the revolution, he supported the birth of a new democracy
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as Libyans held elections, built new institutions, and began to move forward after decades of dictatorship.
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Chris Stevens loved his work. He took pride in the country he served,
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and he saw dignity in the people that he met. Two weeks ago,
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he travelled to Benghazi to review plans to establish a new cultural center and modernize a hospital.
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That’s when America’s compound came under attack.
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Along with three of his colleagues, Chris was killed in the city he helped to save.
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He was 52 years old.
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I tell you this story because Chris Stevens embodied the best of America.
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Like his fellow Foreign Service officers, he built bridges across oceans and cultures,
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and was deeply invested in the international cooperation that the United Nations represents.
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He acted with humility, but he also stood up for a set of principles – a belief that
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individuals should be free to determine their own destiny, and live with liberty, dignity, justice, and opportunity.
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The attacks on our civilians in Benghazi were attacks on America.
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We are grateful for the assistance we received from the Libyan government and from the Libyan people.
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And there should be no doubt that we will be relentless in tracking down the killers and bringing them to justice.
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And I also appreciate that in recent days, the leaders of other countries in the region –
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including Egypt, Tunisia, and Yemen – have taken steps to secure our diplomatic facilities,
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and called for calm. And so have religious authorities around the globe.
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But understand that the attacks of the last two weeks are not simply an assault on America.
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They are also an assault on the very ideals upon which the United Nations was founded –
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the notion that people can resolve their differences peacefully; that diplomacy can take the place of war;
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that in an interdependent world, all of us have a stake in working towards greater opportunity and security for our citizens.
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If we are serious about upholding these ideals, it will not be enough to put more guards in front of an embassy;
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or to put out statements of regret, and wait for the outrage to pass.
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If we are serious about these ideals, we must speak honestly about the deeper causes of this crisis.
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Because we face a choice between the forces that would drive us apart, and the hopes that we hold in common.
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Today, we must reaffirm that our future will be determined by people like Chris Stevens, and not by his killers.
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Today, we must declare that this violence and intolerance has no place among our United Nations.
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It has been less than two years since a vendor in Tunisia set himself on fire to protest the oppressive corruption in his country,
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and sparked what became known as the Arab Spring. And since then,
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the world has been captivated by the transformation that has taken place,
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and the United States has supported the forces of change.
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We were inspired by the Tunisian protests that toppled a dictator, because we recognized
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our own beliefs in the aspirations of men and women who took to the streets.
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We insisted on change in Egypt, because our support for democracy ultimately put us on the side of the people.
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We supported a transition of leadership in Yemen,
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because the interests of the people were no longer being served by a corrupt status quo.
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We intervened in Libya alongside a broad coalition, and with the mandate of the U.N. Security Council,
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because we had the ability to stop the slaughter of innocents; and because we believed
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that the aspirations of the people were more powerful than a tyrant.
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And as we meet here, we again declare that the regime of Bashar al-Assad must come to an end
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so that the suffering of the Syrian people can stop, and a new dawn can begin.
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We have taken these positions because we believe that freedom and self-determination are not unique to one culture.
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These are not simply American values or Western values – they are universal values.
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And even as there will be huge challenges to come with a transition to democracy,
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I am convinced that ultimately government of the people, by the people and for the people
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is more likely to bring about the stability, prosperity, and individual opportunity that serve as a basis for peace in our world.
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So let us remember that this is a season of progress.
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For the first time in decades, Tunisians, Egyptians, and Libyans
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voted for new leaders in elections that were credible, competitive, and fair.
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This democratic spirit has not been restricted to the Arab World.
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Over the past year, we have seen peaceful transitions of power in Malawi and Senegal,
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and a new President in Somalia. In Burma, a President has freed political prisoners
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and opened a closed society; a courageous dissident has been elected to Parliament;
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and people look forward to further reform. Around the globe,
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people are making their voices heard, insisting on their innate dignity, and the right to determine their future.
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And yet the turmoil of recent weeks reminds us that the path to democracy does not end with the casting of a ballot.
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Nelson Mandela once said: “to be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains,
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but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.” [Applause]
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True democracy demands that citizens cannot be thrown in jail because of what they believe,
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and that businesses can be opened without paying a bribe.
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It depends on the freedom of citizens to speak their minds and assemble without fear;
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and on the rule of law and due process that guarantees the rights of all people.
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In other words, true democracy – real freedom – is hard work.
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Those in power have to resist the temptation to crack down on dissidents.
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In hard economic times, countries may be tempted to rally the people around perceived enemies,
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at home and abroad, rather than focusing on the painstaking work of reform.
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Moreover, there will always be those that reject human progress – dictators who cling to power,
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corrupt interests that depend on the status quo; and extremists who fan the flames of hate and division.
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From Northern Ireland to South Asia; from Africa to the Americas;
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from the Balkans to the Pacific Rim, we’ve witnessed convulsions
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that can accompany transitions to a new political order. At times,
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the conflicts arise along the fault lines of race or tribe;
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and often they arise from the difficulties of reconciling tradition and faith with the diversity and interdependence of the modern world.
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In every country, there are those who find different religious beliefs threatening;
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in every culture, those who love freedom for themselves must ask themselves how much they are willing to tolerate freedom for others.
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That is what we saw play out in the last two weeks, as a crude and disgusting video
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sparked outrage throughout the Muslim world. I have made it clear that
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the United States government had nothing to do with this video, and I believe
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its message must be rejected by all who respect our common humanity.
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It is an insult not only to Muslims, but to America as well –
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for as the city outside these walls makes clear, we are a country that has welcomed people of every race and every faith.
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We are home to Muslims who worship across our country.
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We not only respect the freedom of religion – we have laws
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that protect individuals from being harmed because of how they look or what they believe.
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We understand why people take offense to this video because millions of our citizens are among them.
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I know there are some who ask why we don’t just ban such a video.
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The answer is enshrined in our laws: our Constitution protects the right to practice free speech.
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Here in the United States, countless publications provoke offense.
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Like me, the majority of Americans are Christian,
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and yet we do not ban blasphemy against our most sacred beliefs.
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As President of our country, and Commander-in-Chief of our military,
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I accept that people are going to call me awful things every day, [Laughs] and I will always defend their right to do so. [Applause]
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Americans have fought and died around the globe to protect the right of all people
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to express their views – even views that we profoundly disagree with.
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We do so not because we support hateful speech, but because
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our Founders understood that without such protections, the capacity of each individual to express their own views,
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and practice their own faith, may be threatened. We do so because in a diverse society,
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efforts to restrict speech can quickly become a tool to silence critics, and oppress minorities.
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We do so because given the power of faith in our lives,
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and the passion that religious differences can inflame, the strongest weapon against hateful speech
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is not repression, it is more speech – the voices of tolerance
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that rally against bigotry and blasphemy,
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and lift up the values of understanding and mutual respect.
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I know that not all countries in this body share this particular understanding of the protection of free speech. We recognize that.
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But in 2012, at a time when anyone with a cell phone can spread offensive views around the world
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with the click of a button, the notion that we can control the flow of information is obsolete.
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The question, then, is how do we respond.
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And on this we must agree: there is no speech that justifies mindless violence. [Applause]
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There are no words that excuse the killing of innocents.
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There is no video that justifies an attack on an embassy.
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There is no slander that provides an excuse for people to burn a restaurant in Lebanon,
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or destroy a school in Tunis, or cause death and destruction in Pakistan.
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In this modern world, with modern technologies, for us to respond it that way to hateful speech
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empowers any individual who engages in such speech to create chaos around the world.
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We empower the worst of us, if that's how we respond.
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More broadly, the events of the last two weeks also speak to the need for all of us
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to honestly address the tensions between the West and the Arab World that is moving towards democracy.
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And let me be clear: just as we cannot solve every problem in the world,
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the United States has not, and will not, seek to dictate the outcome of democratic transitions abroad.
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We do not expect other nations to agree with us on every issue.
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Nor do we assume that the violence of the past weeks, or the hateful speech by some individuals,
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represent the views of the overwhelming majority of Muslims –
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any more than the views of the people who produced this video represent those of Americans.
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However, I do believe that it is the obligation of all leaders, in all countries,
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to speak out forcefully against violence and extremism. [Applause]
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It is time to marginalize those who – even when not directly resorting to violence –
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use hatred of America, or the West, or Israel as the central organizing principle of politics.
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For that only gives cover, and sometimes makes an excuse, for those who do resort to violence.
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That brand of politics – one that pits East against West and South against North;
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Muslim against Christians, and Hindu and Jews – cannot deliver on the promise of freedom.
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To the youth, it offers only false hope.
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Burning an American flag does nothing to provide a child with an education.
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Smashing apart a restaurant does not fill an empty stomach.
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Attacking an embassy won’t create a single job.
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That brand of politics only makes it harder to achieve what we must do together:
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educating our children and creating the opportunities that they deserve;
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protecting human rights, and extending democracy’s promise.
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Understand, America will never retreat from the world.
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We will bring justice to those who harm our citizens and our friends,
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and we will stand with our allies. We are willing to partner with countries around the world to deepen ties of trade and investment;
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science and technology; energy and development – all efforts
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that can spark economic growth for all of our people, and stabilize democratic change.
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But such efforts depend on a spirit of mutual interest and mutual respect.
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No government or company; no school or NGO will be confident working in a country
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where its people are endangered. For partnership to be effective,
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our citizens must be secure, and our efforts must be welcomed.
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A politics based only on anger –one based on dividing the world between us and them –
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not only sets back international cooperation, it ultimately undermines those who tolerate it.
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All of us have an interest in standing up to these forces.
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Let us remember that Muslims have suffered the most at the hands of extremism.
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On the same day our civilians were killed in Benghazi,
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a Turkish police officer was murdered in Istanbul only days before his wedding;
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more than ten Yemenis were killed in a car bomb in Sana’a;
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and several Afghan children were mourned by their parents
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just days after they were killed by a suicide bomber in Kabul.
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The impulse towards intolerance and violence may initially be focused on the West,
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but over time it cannot be contained. The same impulses toward extremism
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are used to justify war between Sunnis and Shia, between tribes and clans.
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It leads not to strength and prosperity but to chaos.
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In less than two years, we have seen largely peaceful protests
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bring more change to Muslim-majority countries than a decade of violence.
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And extremists understand this.
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Because they have nothing to offer to improve the lives of people,
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violence is their only way to stay relevant. They do not build, they only destroy.
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It is time to leave the call of violence and the politics of division behind.
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On so many issues, we face a choice between the promise of the future, or the prisons of the past.
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And we cannot afford to get it wrong. We must seize this moment.
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And America stands ready to work with all who are willing to embrace a better future.
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The future must not belong to those who target Coptic Christians in Egypt –
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it must be claimed by those in Tahrir Square who chanted “Muslims, Christians, we are one.”
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The future must not belong to those who bully women –
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it must be shaped by girls who go to school,
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and those who stand for a world where our daughters can live their dreams just like our sons. [Applause]
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The future must not belong to those corrupt few who steal a country’s resources –
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it must be won by the students and entrepreneurs;
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the workers and business owners who seek a broader prosperity for all people.
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Those are the women and men that America stands with; theirs is the vision we will support.
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The future must not belong to those who slander the prophet of Islam.
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But, to be credible, those who condemn that slander must also condemn the hate we see in the images of Jesus Christ that is desecrated,
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or churches that are destroyed, or the Holocaust that is denied. [Applause]
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Let us condemn incitement against Sufi Muslims, and Shiite pilgrims.
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It is time to heed the words of Gandhi:
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“Intolerance is itself a form of violence and an obstacle to the growth of a true democratic spirit.” [Applause]
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Together, we must work towards a world where we are strengthened by our differences,
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and not defined by them. That is what America embodies,
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and that is the vision we will support.
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Among Israelis and Palestinians, the future must not belong to those who turn their backs on the prospect of peace.
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Let us leave behind those who thrive on conflict,
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those who reject the right of Israel to exist.
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The road is hard but the destination is clear – a secure, Jewish state of Israel;
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and an independent, prosperous Palestine. [Applause]
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Understanding that such a peace must come through a just agreement between the parties,
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America will walk alongside all who are prepared to make that journey.
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In Syria, the future must not belong to a dictator who massacres his people.
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If there is a cause that cries out for protest in the world today - peaceful protest -
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it is a regime that tortures children and shoots rockets at apartment buildings.
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And we must remain engaged to assure that what began with citizens demanding their rights
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does not end in a cycle of sectarian violence.
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Together, we must stand with those Syrians who believe in a different vision – a Syria that is united and inclusive;
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where children don’t need to fear their own government, and all Syrians have a say in how they are governed –
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Sunnis and Alawites; Kurds and Christians. That is what America stands for;
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that is the outcome that we will work for – with sanctions and consequences for those who persecute;
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and assistance and support