I see a divide.

I see a divide between

doing science

and learning science.

And now if you're a kid in that system of education,

and you want to do science,

you want to do authentic research,

you may have to wait a long time for that

because the first moment

in our system of science education

where we universally expect students to do science

often doesn't come until graduate school.

And this is what sets up the divide.

It sets up a divide between teachers and scientists,

and it sets up a divide in general

between learning science and doing science.

But I think we can overcome this divide

if teachers and scientists work together.

And I think teachers are uniquely positioned

to reach out to scientists

and make this happen.

In my own classroom,

I've had some success with this model.

And so I'd like to use my own experiences

to kind of illustrate

how an individual teacher can reach out to scientists

and make more science happen in their classrooms.

I had the opportunity to develop

my own professional development program

in the summer through an organization

called Fund for Teachers.

The way they work is they're kind of like

venture capitalists for educators.

You go to them with an idea and you say,

'Hey, this is going to make me a better teacher.

This is going to help my students learn.'

And if they like your idea and they're able,

they fund it, and they make that idea happen for you.

So, the idea that I pitched to them

was an idea that would get me doing more science

because that was important to me.

But it was also important to me

that I do it in such a way

that it would capture the imagination of my students.

So, the idea that I pitched to them

was a thousand-mile expedition on the Mississippi River

to gather data on nutrient pollution.

And for 27 days that summer,

I was immersed in the process of doing science

on one of the mightiest rivers on the planet.

When we would come ashore,

after paddling six to ten hours a day,

we would set up a temporary lab,

and we'd conduct water tests.

In prepping for this,

I quickly realized how poorly my own education

had prepared me to do science

of this nature and of this scope.

So, what I did was I reached out to experts.

I just simply looked through journals,

and I found who was the leading experts

in nutrient pollution in major rivers,

and I started firing off emails with questions.

And I was astounded at the responses I got.

Scientists responded thoroughly,

and they were genuinely interested

in helping me do better science.

So, I kind of put that information in my back pocket

that professional scientists were a resource

that I could draw from.

When I went back to my classroom in the fall,

my students were able to use the same methods

that I had learned in the summer

on a river in their own back yard, the Chicago River,

to do real science.

And I could see this breakdown of the barrier

between doing science and learning science,

and it was happening in my classroom,

and I wanted more of it.

So, the next summer, I reached out to scientists again.

And I pretty quickly came across

an evolutionary ecology lab at Iowa State.

And they shared my philosophy

that there should be no separation

between doing science and learning science.

They worked on turtle reproduction,

specifically how climate change

affects the evolution of turtle reproductive behavior,

and they worked on an island in the Mississippi River.

So, I was thrilled again to be out

on the river for another summer.

But, because they shared my believes on education,

we were able to bring high school students out there

for two weeks at a time

and turn them loose

on their own authentic research projects

on the biology of turtles,

snakes,

lizards.

And, in that experience,

working side by side with people

at all different stages of their academic career,

we had the high school students working beside undergrads,

working beside graduate students,

working beside professionals.

I left that experience absolutely convinced

that this is the right way to teach science,

with no separation between doing science

and learning science.

I continued to keep up my relationships

with these scientists,

and I got to the point where I wanted to try something new,

something that hadn't been done before.

I wanted to bring those kinds of science experiences

that we were having with kids out at the river,

and I wanted to put those into our classroom.

And it was important to me

that it wasn't simply a one-off

or a one-day special field trip.

I wanted this kind of science

to be a part of the everyday science curriculum

for an entire school year.

So, as we were thinking of this,

in planning for how we could make this happen realistically,

we reached out to the National Science Foundation,

and we applied to a Research Experience for Teachers grant,

or the RET.

And now, teachers have to partner

with a researcher who is already supported by the NSF

to apply for this grant,

but I think that just gives you one more great excuse

to partner with a scientist.

And what we did is we used our NSF funding

to travel down to Florida,

with the permission of the state Florida

catch a bunch of lizards,

and FedEx them back to my classroom in Chicago

where we had set-up a functioning, live animal lab.

So, when my students came to school

for the first day in September,

they immediately began work on a scientific experiment

that would answer a very specific question.

Our question was,

"How do females make choices when they lay eggs?

How do they choose a nest site?

And what effect does that choice have on their offspring?"

And, by the end of the year,

they had generated data

and performed science that answered that question.

And I was extremely happy

when our work was recently published

in the January edition of Behavioral Ecology.

And, to my knowledge, this is the first time

that work conducted as part

of a normal high school curriculum

resulted in a peer-reviewed paper.

So, I have three pieces of advice

for teachers who want to make these connections

with scientists and want to blur the line

between doing science and learning science.

Number 1,

look out for those great resources that are out there.

Apply for an RET grant,

apply for a Fund for Teachers fellowship.

I know what a difference those resources can make.

And there's more resources available locally,

and you should look for those, too

because they can influence the amount

that you are able to accomplish. I know that.

However, my number 2 piece of advice is

don't let a lack of resources stop you

from making those connections with professional science.

Reach out to a scientist today,

no matter what your resource level is.

You can start small.

Invite a scientist in for a talk.

Set up a Skype chat between a scientist and their lab.

Then, maybe you can move up to

more large-scale project-based learning.

But, whatever you do,

make sure that you're forming these partnerships

with people who do science for a living.

And my third point acknowledges

some of the realities that teachers are facing today.

I know that the pressure of high-stakes testing

and the climate that creates

can make it feel almost a little bit subversive

to deviate from the standard curriculum.

So, my final piece of advice is

be a bit subversive if you have to.

Make sure, though, that you are doing science.

And I don't mean be confrontational when I say this

because that's not productive.

But take the steps you need to

to blur those lines between doing science

and learning science for your students.

And I think you'll find that when people see

how engaged in learning your students are,

and you're getting good results,

all your opposition is just going to kind of

melt away from that,

and you're going to turn people into supporters.

So, I think that this is the right way to teach science

where we're teaching the doing of science.

And I think it's important to do this also

because this is the way

that you would have wanted to learn science as a kid,

and, more importantly, I think this is the way

that you would want your kids to be taught science.

And this is the highest standard

that you can hold yourself to as a science educator.

So, good luck making those connections,

and go do some science!

Thank you.